Experiencing equivalence but organizing order

The notion of equivalence relation is arguably one of the most fundamental ideas of mathematics. Accordingly, it plays an important role in teaching mathematics at all levels, whether explicitly or implicitly. Our success in introducing this notion for its own sake or as a means to teach other mathematical concepts, however, depends largely on our own conceptions of it. This paper considers various conceptions of equivalence, in history, in mathematics today, and in mathematics education. It reveals critical differences in the notion of equivalence at different points in history and a meaning for equivalence proposed by mathematicians and mathematics educators that is at variance with the ways that learners may think. These differences call into question the most popular view of the subject: that the mathematical notion of equivalence relation is the result of spelling out our experience of equivalence. Moreover, the findings of this study suggest that the standard definition of an equivalence relation is ill-chosen from a pedagogical point of view but well-crafted from a mathematical point of view.     

《工厂供电》课堂教学改革与实践

文章阐述工厂供电课堂教学改革的设计思想,组织实施,实验,考勤考核以及学生反馈等全部过程。经过尝试,在更新教学内容、优化课堂教学体系等方面,积累了经验,取得了成绩。这些为今后其他专业课的课堂教学一定能起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

Communicating Health: Political Risk Narratives in an Environmental Health Campaign

This four-year participant observation study of a “good neighbor” campaign aimed at chemical releases from a plastics plant in southwest Ohio investigates the role that health discourses play in environmental health disputes. Environmental health activists defined health, attributed illness causation, and narrated risk in ways that resisted dominant approaches to health, science, and corporate issues management. Those constructions were contested in everyday interactions with neighbors, corporate management, and regulators. The research found that neighbors’ biographical health narratives politicized risk in ways that aided the negotiation of emissions reductions, but individualized, passive, and technocratic approaches to health risks presented barriers to fully understanding the health effects of chemical emissions. The study demonstrates the need for campaign practitioners to raise critical public awareness of taken-for-granted health beliefs, and for greater involvement of academics in promoting democratic scientific methods.     

文化传统内蕴的自组织机制与农村社区发展 --对九溪村的个案研究

社会变迁提供的体制环境和文化传统内蕴的自组织机制的有机结合促进乡村精英的成长,另一方面,乡村精英在公共空间的活动中能够正向地推进农村社区的发展.从九溪村精英成长的内外部机制及其对村落发展的作用和影响的双向关系中,可以看到乡村社会原有经济社会文化结构是精英成长的内部土壤,此"传统资源"不容忽视甚至在当下应予特别地重视;时代变迁对村落社会的影响及其给精英人物命运的走向带来的机会并非是脱离精英人物成长土壤的绝对"外部"因素;正是在内外部条件共同作用下,精英人物的成长才与其活动的社区之间形成了一种良性互动关系,这种关系无疑在村落发展的过程中能够发挥出积极的作用.     

CaM的特性与研究方法探讨

CaM是一种多功能调制蛋白，又参与动植物细胞中多种酶和生理过程的调节，目前建立的许多测定CaM的方法可分为生物化学法和亲和组织化学法两类．     

阿魏侧耳组织分离

采用组织分离的方法，选取阿魏侧耳[Pleurotus eryngii(DC．)Quel．Var．]子实体四个部位(菌柄上部、菌柄中部、菌柄下部和菌肉)的组织块，接种在PDA培养基、稻草培养基、甜荞培养基、苦荞培养基上进行恒温培养。结果表明：菌肉组织做分离试验效果显著；在PDA培养基中菌丝生长最佳，明显超过其它分离部位组织和其它三种培养基。     

企业管理人员“工作不力”问题的分析与对策

笔者较长时间从事特大型公司管理层面工作，对公司制企业的成长、发展有一定感悟，对成长中的公司面临的企业管理人员工作不力的问题感触颇深。文中从个人因素、组织因素两方面分析了现代公司管理与领导工作不力的原因，并对这两方面诸因素导致管理和领导不力的影响进行了剖析，提出了应对领导和管理人员工作不力现象的行动计划模型。     

Blockchain as a driving force for federalism: A theory of cross-organizational task-technology fit

Digital technologies play an important role for the delivery of many public services. However, selecting and adopting the ‘right’ digital technologies is often challenging, especially for federally structured governments. Universal factors for successful adoption are hard to establish, and the particularities of federalism, such as the separation of competencies, complicate technology selection. Nevertheless, blockchain technology seems to flourish in these environments. Through a single-case study on the blockchain project of Germany’s Federal Office for Migration and Refugees, we unpack one essential factor for this success: the fit between (cross-)organizational task structure and technological properties. This fit earns the Federal Office’s project considerable credit and traction with stakeholders and partner authorities – not least because it supports the argument that the digitalization of federal systems is possible without ‘digital centralization’ and redistribution of competencies. Our task-technology fit analysis contributes to a better understanding of the adoption of blockchain in the public sector. It also provides the foundation for an extended task-technology fit theory for federally structured, cross-organizational contexts.     

基于Web的百科全为管理系统设计与实现

根据百科全书管理系统Web管理和服务的要求，分析了系统设计目的，介绍了百科全书管理系统的结构及功能实现。     

英文科技期刊特刊组稿的策略与实践探索

【目的】 探讨高质量特刊对提升英文科技期刊内容质量与影响力的作用,探寻通过组织特刊提升期刊质量与知名度的内在机制与规律。【方法】 基于《运动与健康科学(英文)》5年来特刊组织的实践,分析特刊在提升学术质量和期刊传播能力等方面的贡献,以及特刊组稿的方式、经验与启示。【结果】 期刊组织高质量特刊不仅能够吸引高质量稿件,增强期刊国际影响力,还能挖掘和发现期刊所需人才,向世界展示中国学者的学术水平,“讲好中国故事”,为期刊可持续发展注入活力。【结论】 英文科技期刊应抓住发展机遇,着力组织高质量特刊,逐步提升内容质量与影响力,打造中国科技期刊品牌。