大学与区域创新体系建设的协同路径探析

大学作为人类知识创新和传播的主要载体,为经济社会发展和文明进步提供了催化剂和动力源。我国明确推动若干区域率先建设国际科技创新中心,为新时期一流大学建设赋予了重要使命和机遇。本文梳理了国内外大学与区域创新互动的理论发展和案例,总结了相关模式和经验,关注了大学与区域创新体系如何实现系统性协同的具体路径。通过剖析上海交通大学服务上海建设具有全球影响力的科技创新中心城市的实践案例,从战略路径匹配、组织机构重构、基础原创策源、产学研开放融合、创新创业生态等方面,阐述了大学在对接提升全球科技创新中心城市过程中协同路径的选择与思考、设计与实施、特色与成效。研究结论可以为我国新时期区域创新和一流大学建设融合发展提供参考,并对政府和大学提出了相关政策性建议。     

中国区域化肥利用特征分析

以化肥区划中的一二级分区为研究单元,分析了我国目前的化肥施用现状,以及不同区域在化肥施肥量和肥料比例等方面的特征及差异。结过表明：黄淮海平原区、长江中下游区和东北区是我国化肥消费的主要区域,化肥消费．6-量占到了全国消费总量的2／3多;其次为西南、华南和北部高原区,占全国化肥消费总量的30％;各一级区单质氮肥和磷肥的比例在逐步下降,而复合肥和单质钾肥的比例再逐步提高。但总体而言,磷氮比近几年各一级区变化不大,稳定在0．6左右,钾氯比还处于一个很低的水平;各区域单位播种面积化肥施用量从1983年到2004年有了很大的提高。东北区、西南区和西北区历年均为全国施肥水平最低的区域,而北部高原区、华南区、黄淮海区和长江中下游区为历年全国施肥水平最高的区域。     

皖江城市带空间结构研究综述

皖江地区近20年来的开发开放,使得皖江城市带逐步形成并初具规模。对皖江地区和皖江城市带的研究成为热点,有关皖江地区和皖江城市带空间结构研究的代表性文献从皖江城市带的空间范围、格局、廊道及其整合等方面对皖江城市带的研究进行了分析,认为皖江城市带正处于快速发展阶段,是安徽崛起的关键所在,大力提升皖江城市带的层次和经济实力是推动安徽经济发展的必然要求。     

三江源地区全面建设小康社会与全民 健身体育协调发展的研究

分析认为,经济、社会发展缓慢,城镇化发展水平低,特殊的地理、气候条件是制约三江源地区健身体育发展的主要因素。据此,三江源地区建设公共服务型政府、加快城镇化建设水平是发展健身体育的关键。     

A Footnote to Sport History: Twenty Years of Cricket,Conflict and Contestation in Samoa, 1880–1900

Abstract

During the late-nineteenth century, imperial expansion increasingly produced what Louise Pratt terms ‘contact zones’ – ‘social spaces where cultures meet, clash and grapple with each other, often in contexts of highly asymmetrical relations of power’. Sport was one of the most visible spaces where this process took place. This paper uses the example of cricket in Samoa to demonstrate how different groups sought to control sport’s meaning amidst great uncertainty. Almost as soon as they began playing cricket, Samoans radically altered its method and meaning to create the distinctively Samoan game of kirikiti. This act established the cricket pitch as a ‘contested space’ between Samoans and foreigners, who were wary of kirikiti’s association with Samoan politics and customary exchange. As was the case in Samoa more generally, however, this struggle was not neatly divided between Samoans and foreigners. While missionaries and settlers portrayed the game as a threat, others – notably sailors and proponents of British influence – greeted it with relative enthusiasm. For their part, Samoans used the game to signal alignment with or against one or another Western power. Finally, Samoa’s growing ‘mixed-race’ community saw the game as a means of confirming their place in both the Samoan and European ‘worlds’.     

Asia Pacific studies in an age of global modernity

This article argues that the end of the Cold War and the attendant globalization of capital call for a reconfiguration of areas, including the Pacific, has played a significant part in the ideological formation of globalization. The resultant formation is ‘global modernity’, representing at once the globalization and the fragmentation of capitalist modernity. The article discusses five intellectual responses to this situation in studies of Asia and the Pacific that propose new configurations to substitute for earlier area studies: civilizations, oceans, diasporas, Asianization of Asia studies, and indigenous studies. It argues that these substitutes themselves are tied in with new formations of power, and should not be taken at face value. Most important is to remain attentive to configurations from the bottom up that are products of struggles against oppression and exploitation.     

新疆维吾尔自治区R&D支出浅析

当前,科学技术已经成为重要的生产要素,对经济生产起到了重要的促进作用。财政科技投入是充分发挥科技创新对新疆经济社会发展引领和支撑作用的基础。本文以RD支出为核心,讨论了新疆维吾尔自治区2000年以来科技投入动态,并与国内总体水平进行了比较,提出了为提高科技投入效率、促进经济进一步发展的相关建议。     

超效率视角下的我国创新型城市效率评价——以长三角地区为例

创新型城市建设是我国转变经济发展方式、实现可持续发展的一个重要途径,因此对创新型城市建设效率的评价具有重要意义。鉴于传统的BCC模型不能对相对有效的决策单元进行进一步分析,引入超效率DEA方法对我国长三角地区12个样本城市进行深入分析。分析结果表明:南京、湖州、绍兴、宁波和苏州的效率尽管是相对有效的,但这几个城市仍处于规模报酬递增状态,可以进一步通过增大投入来提高创新型城市建设成果;而另外几个城市则位于规模报酬递减状态,需要进一步优化资源配置结构,而不是通过增加投入要素来提高产出。     

Sports Mobilities Across Borders: Postcolonial Perspectives

The circulation of mobile professional athletes, a phenomenon whose visibility increased exponentially in the last couple of decades of the twentieth century, poses important questions for postcolonial approaches to the human condition. At first glance, the orientation of entire segments of the population in some countries in the global South to the possibility of migrating to sport careers in the global North seems to reproduce patterns of economic dependence of the world's peripheries on the world's centres, with the latter obtaining resources from the former in non-reciprocal fashion. A more nuanced approach, however, demands that these dynamics be framed in a broader context of multiple power relations that are at once local and global, material and ideational, and rooted in complex histories that have somewhat obscured colonial relations of yesteryears. This approach is illustrated here with materials about migration-oriented football academies in West Africa and the transnational circulation of Pacific Island rugby players.     

我国西部地区城镇化进程中教育投入与经济增长的关系研究——基于面板门槛模型的实证分析

对我国西部地区城镇化进程中教育投入与经济增长关系的实证分析表明,西部地区教育投入与经济增长之间存在着城镇化不同发展阶段的门槛效应,而非简单的线性关系。因此,只有根据城镇化不同发展阶段产业结构、人才需求等特点,适时适量、分层次分类别增加教育投入,才能促使西部地区的教育投入更加充分地发挥对经济增长的推动作用。