AE3介导的油茶皂甙在心肌细胞缺氧复氧损伤中的实验研究

目的:阐明油茶皂苷(SQS)所产生心肌保护作用与AE3蛋白的基因表达关系,方法:采用RNA i技术,在心肌细胞水平上建立AE3蛋白低表达、同时建立缺氧/复氧损伤(A/R)模型及SQS预适应模型;通过测定,心肌细胞的博动频律、细胞生存率以及细胞培养液中LDH的变化;同时检测心肌细胞中AE3 mRNA、AE3蛋白的表达变化,结果:SQS预处理能明显提高A/R损伤后细胞存活率,减少LDH的漏出,AE3 mRNA、AE3蛋白表达明显上调,与A/R组相比均有显著性差异(均p<0.01);结论:在心肌细胞中转导入三段有AE3基因序列特异性的dsRNA后,可引起AE3 mRNA及蛋白低表达,同时取消SQS预处理的心肌保护作用.为其进一步的新药开发提供理论与实验依据.     

黄芪总苷对力竭运动大鼠骨骼肌中ATP酶活性的影响

目的：探讨黄芪总苷对力竭运动大鼠骨骼肌中ATP酶活性的影响。方法：对大鼠预防性给予黄芪总苷,观察力竭游泳大鼠骨骼肌ATP酶活性的变化。结果：黄芪总苷组的Na^ ＋K^＋-ATPase和Mg^2＋-AT-Pase的活性明显高于力竭运动组（p〈0.05）,黄芪总苷组的Ca^2＋-ATPase的活力虽也有一定提高,但与力竭运动组无显著性差异（p〉0.05）。结论：黄芪总苷可降低力竭运动对大鼠骨骼肌的损伤,其机制可能与提高ATP酶活性有关。     

我国优秀10m跳台男子运动员下肢肌肉力量特征研究

以现役国家队4名10 m跳台运动员为研究对象,选取相对峰值力矩为评定指标,通过运用MERAC等速肌力测试系统,测试速度分别是60°/s和240°/s,对跳水运动员下肢髋、膝和踝关节主动肌群(伸肌群)的肌力特征进行综合研究,探讨高水平跳水运动员下肢主动肌群的特征.结果显示,下肢关节相对肌力矩水平高是完成高难跳台技术的基础之一;下肢各关节屈伸比值低,伸肌群力量明显大于屈肌群;动员髋关节快速屈伸的肌群的比例相对较高,而膝和踝关节快速屈伸时动员的肌群相对较少;膝关节左、右侧伸肌群力量接近,髋关节左侧大于右侧;随着测试速度的增加,髋关节在下肢总力矩的百分比增加.     

小肌肉群训练对女子皮艇队员力量的影响

对4名女子皮艇运动员增加3个月的小肌肉力量训练,比较和分析实验组与对照组200m水上测试结果,发现实验组队员的速度与桨频的提高幅度均显著高于对照组,结论：小肌肉群训练对提高女子皮艇运动员的速度力量有显著效果。     

乒乓球运动员肩背软组织劳损的按摩治疗

乒乓球运动员多为长期反复的机械运动,使肩背部软组织负荷过量,从而易导致颈、肩、背部肌肉、筋膜、韧带充血、水肿、粘连。运用郑怀贤教授的伤科经穴手法按摩,对５０名专业乒乓球运动员进行治疗,效果良好。     

Measurement of intrinsic foot stiffness in minimally and traditionally shod runners using ultrasound elastography: A pilot study

ABSTRACT

Running is an activity with a consistently high injury rate. Running footwear design that mimics barefoot running has been proposed to reduce injury rate by increasing the strength of foot structures. However, there is little evidence to support this. The purpose of the current study is to use shear wave ultrasound elastography to examine material properties (shear modulus) of intrinsic foot structures in experienced minimally and traditionally shod runners. It is hypothesized that minimalist runners will exhibit increased stiffness compared to controls demonstrating the strengthening of these structures. Eighteen healthy runners (8 minimalist and 10 traditionalist), running a minimum of 10 mi · wk^?1, participated. Elastography scans were performed on the left foot of each participant. There is no apparent stiffening of foot structures associated with wearing minimalist shoes. Only the FHB tendon is different between shoe types and, contrary to the hypothesis, was stiffer in traditionalist compared to minimalist runners (257.26 ± 51.64 kPa vs 160.88 ± 27.79 kPa, respectively). A moderate positive (r = 0.7) relationship between training load and tendon stiffness suggests strengthening of tendon when running in traditional shoes. If running in minimalist shoes increases loading on these structures without resulting in stronger tissues, it is possible that minimalist footwear may increase injury risk.     

Isokinetic imbalance of hip muscles in soccer players with osteitis pubis

Abstract

In this study, we compared the isokinetic torques of hip flexors/extensors and abductors/adductors in soccer players suffering from osteitis pubis (OP), with normal soccer players. Twenty soccer male athletes with OP and 20 normal soccer athletes were included in this study. Peak torque/body weight (PT/BW) was recorded from hip flexor/extensor and abductor/adductor muscles during isokinetic concentric contraction modes at angular velocity of 2.1 rad · s^?1, for both groups. The results showed a significant difference between the normal and OP groups for hip flexors (P < 0.05). The normal group had significant, lower PT/BW value than the OP group for their hip flexors (P < 0.05). The hip flexor/extensor PT ratio of OP affected and non-affected limbs was significantly different from that of normal dominant and non-dominant limbs. There were no significant differences between the normal and OP groups for hip extensor, adductor and abductor muscles (P > 0.05). Regarding the hip adductor/abductor PT ratio, there was no significant difference between the normal and OP groups of athletes (P > 0.05). The OP group displayed increase in hip flexor strength that disturbed the hip flexor/extensor torque ratio of OP. Therefore, increasing the hip extensor strength should be part of rehabilitation programmes of patients with OP.     

男子古典式摔跤运动员膝关节肌力特征研究

采用文献资料法、专家访谈法以及等速肌力测试法,对不同水平的古典式摔跤运动员膝关节最大力量、快速力量、力量耐力及平均峰力矩等指标进行对比分析.结果发现:所选取一级运动员在膝关节伸、屈肌群最大力量、快速力量及力量耐力上均优于二级运动员;古典式摔跤运动员膝关节屈、伸肌群平均峰力矩之比均随速度加快而增大,且膝关节屈肌力量增长幅度高于其他项目运动员.建议在今后训练中应注重结合专项技术动作发展膝关节的快速蹬伸能力,努力提高膝关节伸、屈肌群的最大力量、快速力量及力量耐力水平,并注意膝关节伸、屈肌群力量的均衡发展.     

递增性负荷训练对不同月龄大鼠骨骼肌组织自由基代谢及其防御系统影响

对不同月龄大鼠进行6周递增性跑台训练，观察训练对不同年龄大鼠骨骼肌中自由基代谢的影响。结果显示：(1)MDA含量和GPX活性随增龄而增加，老年组SOD和CAT明显下降；(2)6周训练后，老年组MDA含量明显下降，SOD、CAT和GPX活性显著升高，中青年组SOD活性明显下降。结果表明：训练能延缓衰老，但同一运动对不同年龄引起骨骼肌组织自由基代谢的变化不同。     

举重运动员腰肌末端病的发病特点和治疗

通过对上海市举重队患有腰肌末端病症状的20余名运动员进行约1500次治疗的总结,提出腰肌高张力是举重运动员腰肌末端病发病的重要原因。腰肌高张力下的疼痛是末端病的主要表现和诊断的重要依据。概括出有效的治疗方法和较适用于训练比赛实际的针灸疗法。