青少年应对效能的培养

本文在简要概括心理学家对青少年应对效能、应对方式和心理健康水平之间的关系的研究成果基础之上,论述了教师和家长怎样帮助青少年培养他们的应对效能。     

Association between mothers’ problematic Internet use and maternal recognition of child abuse

BackgroundThere are few studies about mothers’ problematic Internet use (PIU). Mothers’ PIU may lead to inadequate parenting and child abuse.ObjectiveThis cross-sectional study aimed to clarify the association between mothers’ PIU and their recognition of child abuse.Participants and settingWe analyzed data collected of health examinations of children aged 4 months, 1.5 years, and 3 years which were carried out in Matsue City, Shimane Prefecture, Japan between April 2016 and March 2017. The number of the subjects were 1685, 1729, 1674, respectively.MethodsWe used logistic regression analysis to clarify the association between mothers’ PIU (Young’s Diagnostic Questionnaire for Internet Addiction score: ≥5) and their recognition of child abuse (selecting < True of me > for < I sometimes think that I am abusing my child > on a questionnaire survey), which was adjusted for covariates such as maternal age, number of children, daytime caretaker, social support, postpartum depression, and current smoking status of the parents.ResultsBased on the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the mothers’ PIU was significantly correlated with their recognition of child abuse for children aged 4 months, 1.5 years, or 3 years [odds ratio (OR): 13.30, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.26–139.98, OR: 7.02, 95% CI: 1.28–38.55, and OR: 28.06, 2.48–317.93, respectively].ConclusionThis study revealed the possibility that mothers with PIU recognize child abuse more than mothers without PIU. However, further studies should be conducted to increase reliability and validity.     

Emotional and behavior problems in adopted children – The role of early adversities and adoptive parents’ regulation and behavior

BackgroundEarly adversity and negative experiences in the adoptive family can put adopted children at risk for emotional and behavior problems.ObjectiveThis study analyzes the influence of children’s preadoptive history and adoptive parents’ characteristics on the psychosocial adjustment of nationally and internationally adopted children in Germany.Participants and settingThe survey included 172 adopted children aged between 24 and 145 months and their adoptive parents.MethodsParents provided information about preadoptive history. Information about emotional and behavior problems was obtained from the parental version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Parental well-being was obtained through a composite score of three standardized measures (self-efficacy questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale PSS-4, Brief Symptom Inventory BSI); parenting behavior was assessed with the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (DEAPQ).Results12.5% of the adopted children scored in the clinical range of the SDQ. In a multiple regression analysis, the experience of maltreatment and neglect was the most important predictor of emotional and behavior problems at time of assessment, followed by pre- and perinatal risk and parental stress regulation difficulties, R² = .423, F(4, 128) = 28.539. Increases in the number of risk factors present were associated with a greater odd of children scoring in the clinical range of the SDQ.ConclusionsMost of the nationally and internationally adopted children in this sample were well-adjusted. Prenatal and preadoptive risk as well as stress regulation capacities of the main caregiver contributed to the child’s development. An accumulation of risks increased the likelihood of adjustment problems in adopted children.     

多种结构形式的统一—如东县中学“科技楼”的主体结构设计试析

通过如东县中学“科技楼”的主体结构设计,探讨当代现代重点中学办学环节中硬件设施应具备的结构设计理念和设计方法,力图达到多种结构形式及技术与经济的完美统一。     

Philosophy: A Special Place in the Liberal Arts

Abstract

A comprehensive model of the dynamics of one-on-one teaching is described. Adoption of specific teaching styles is influenced by the learning styles of students; the interest in faculty to build interpersonal relationships with learners; teacher need to control the task; the capability of students; and situational constraints. In clinical settings, thesis work, and other areas, faculty preferred the use of Personal Model, Facilitator, and Delegator teaching styles. Relative to classroom teaching, these styles were used more frequently and the Expert and Formal Authority Styles were less prominent. This is consistent with the goals of one-on-one teaching to develop the ability of learners to work independently.     

浙江省城镇中学体育教师工作压力及应对方式的研究

通过问卷调查法,对浙江省城镇中学体育教师工作压力及应对方式进行探讨。结果显示:浙江省城镇中学体育教师工作压力整体得分呈现中度(M=2.97)。其中以学生管理的得分最高,压力最大,并显示不同年龄、教龄存在着显著差异。专业发展的得分最低,在不同文化程度、不同学校上存在显著差异。浙江省城镇中学体育教师在压力应对方式上,以解决问题为最常用的应对压力的方式,在体育教师是否兼职的问题上有显著差异,其次是休闲活动,逃避问题的得分则最低。     

高职学生学习风格与英语成绩关系研究

在回顾前人对学习风格研究的基础上,对五所高级职业技术学院195名学生的学习风格与综合英语成绩及单项英语成绩的关系进行了研究。独立样本检验显示,高分组的学习者倾向于群体型的学习风格,而低分组的学习者倾向于个体型和场独立型的学习风格;男生和女生只在听觉型和场依赖型两种学习风格上表现出不同;回归分析结果表明,群体型、个体型和场独立型三种学习风格与综合英语测试成绩相关,个体型和冲动型两种学习风格对英语成绩具有负向预测作用;群体型、个体型、场独立和冲动型四种学习风格与单项成绩之间具有显著相关关系。     

农村高三学生英语感知学习风格之调研

对农村高三学生的英语感知学习风格进行的调查结果分析显示:农村高三学生喜欢多种英语感知学习风格,最喜欢动手学习风格,最不喜欢单独学习风格;女生比男生更喜欢听觉学习和体验学习风格;英语水平对感知学习风格没有显著性影响;动手学习风格和写作技能有一定的相关性。英语教师应根据学生的感知学习风格灵活应用多种教学方法,指导学生调整和丰富多种感知学习风格以促进教与学的协调发展。     

探析土家族摆手舞的舞蹈形态及风格特征

笔者以土家族摆手舞的起名、形式、内容分别产生于宗教信仰、战争及劳动生产为切入点,解析了土家族摆手舞的大摆、小摆两种表演形式,进而对土家族摆手舞的原生性、战争性、祭祀性、审美性的风格特征进行了阐述,最后对土家族摆手舞的屈膝、颤动、顺拐、同边、直立跳摆及绕圈跳摆的舞蹈形态特征进行了剖析。以期推动土家族摆手舞被越来越多的人所认识。     

高尔夫行业工作者心理满意度及应对方式调查分析──以南京为例

研究目的与方法:采用《情感量表》和《应对方式量表》对南京高尔夫球场工作者进行调查分析。研究结果:南京高尔夫行业工作者,专业对口达75%,83.3%是大专学历,月薪2 500元以下占80.6%;工作3年(不含)以上的心理满意度总分显著高于0-3年的工作者(P<0.05),从得分来看,男性心理满意度略高于女性,月薪高的人群心理满意度略高一些;遇到问题时男性比女性更多的采用积极应对方式,而且存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。工作0-3年采取消极的应对方式低于工作3年以上的人且存在显著性差异(P<0.05),月薪2 500以下比2 500元以上更多的采取积极的应对方式,而且存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。