中西部农民心理贫困与塑造人格现代性

中西部地区农民在SCL一90量表测评中,各因子分及其总分均高于国内常模(P<0.05),本研究表明,制约农民收入增长、影响农民心理健康的主要因素是“越穷越悲观,越悲观越穷”,物质贫困导致心理贫困,落后的生存环境形成落后型人格。我国在加入WTO即面对社会转型期,应着重塑造农民人格的现代性,以农民人格的现代性,推进中国全民的现代性。     

Infrared Absorption Spectra of Serpentine Cat＇s Eye from Sichuan Province of China

Infrared （IR） absorption spectra and X-ray powder diffraction （XRD） patterrns of sexpenfine cat＇s eye from Sichuan Province have been investigated, and infrared absorption bands of the serpentine have been assigned in this paper. The results indicate that the bands near 3 600 - 3 700 cm^-1 belong to the stretching absorption band VOH, the bands in 948 - 1 100 cm^-1 axe assigned to the stretching vibraling band Usvo, and the bands at 600 570 and 440 cm^-1 respectively belong to the bending vibration band VOH, δMg-O and δSi-O. The serpentine cat＇ s eye includes two types： chrysotile and antigorite. Chrysotile has a sharp and intensive band at 3 688 cm^-1 and a weak band at 3 643 cm^-1 , while antigorite has only one intensive band in the region. At vibration band VSi-O, chrysotile and antigorite have a similar feature at 1 071 cm^-1, but the band at 980 cm^-1 in anfigorite has been split into two bands in chrysotile - a strong one at 1 027 cm^-1 and a weak one at 949 cm^-1. In addition, antigorite has a characteristic bending vibrating band δMg-O at 570 cm^-1. Based on the analysis of the feature of crystal structure, their IR differences axe well explained.     

The Talking Drawings Strategy: Using Primary Children’s Illustrations and Oral Language to Improve Comprehension of Expository Text

Listening and reading comprehension can be assessed by analyzing children’s visual, verbal, and written representations of their understandings. “Talking Drawings” (McConnell, S. (1993). Talking drawings: A strategy for assisting learners. Journal of Reading, 36(4), 260–269 is one strategy that enables children to combine their prior knowledge with the new information derived from an expository text and “translate” those newly-acquired understandings into other symbol systems, including an oral discussion with a partner, a more detailed drawing, and written labels for the drawing. The Talking Drawings strategy begins by inviting children to create pre-learning drawings. These initial drawings are a way of taking inventory of a child’s current content knowledge about a particular topic. After pre-learning drawings are created and shared, children listen to or read an expository text (e.g., information book, passage from a textbook) on the same topic as their drawing. Pairs of students discuss the information and either modify their pre-learning drawings to be more detailed or create completely new drawings that reflect the recently-acquired information. Students are encouraged to label their drawings with words in a diagram or schematic fashion. By evaluating the “before” and “after” artwork, educators can identify advances in students’ reading and listening comprehension of the terminology, facts, and principles on a particular topic.     

中小学生家长期望水平的个体化指向

家长期望理论研究,是当前心理学、教育学研究领域的新课题。调研发现中小学生家长对子女的学习、学历期望值偏高。家长期望水平个体化指向要合理定位:要以子女身心发展现有水平的个体特质为基准,与子女的自我价值发展趋向一致,以适度超过子女现有发展水平为目标,使家长期望水平与子女的学业成就动机都能向高一级的目标、方向跨越。     

现代化中的农民问题

农民问题伴随现代化进程始终,只有在一个国家充分实现城市化后才能最后解决。西欧、拉美等地的农民转变受到其历史与环境上的特殊条件的影响,而东亚的“小农制”模式缓和了农民在现代化进程中所难免遭受的苦难,对我们具有重要的借鉴意义。解决我国目前的农民问题,需要新的思路:尤其是转向主要在城市解决农民问题而不只是在农村解决,转向主要依靠个人与社会来解决而不是像以往那样只依赖于政府与官员。     

A Process Approach to Community-Based Education: The People’s Free University of Saskatchewan

On the basis of insights provided by Whitehead and John Cobb, I show how the People’s Free University of Saskatchewan (PFU) is a working model of free, open, community-based education that embodies several characteristics of Whitehead’s philosophy of education. Formed in opposition to the growing commercialization at the original “people’s university,” (the University of Saskatchewan) the PFU has spawned distinctive ideals of its own. The PFU reflects Whitehead’s belief in the importance of shared knowledge fostered by community-based education, the value of abstract and practical knowledge, and the power of the imagination to establish a community of learners capable of acting freely together.     

Different children’s perspectives on their learning environment

This article reports and discusses findings from an ethnographic case study, aiming to gain a deeper understanding of how different children perceive their learning environment in the first grade of primary school, with regard to social as well as academic aspects. The theoretical framework is based on an interactional perspective, where children’s learning and development are considered to take place in a dynamic and ecological system. The reported results are based on interviews with 16 children, and observed teaching situations during the first year of primary school. Research among children demands special ethical considerations, such as how to avoid questions and interest from the researcher affecting the position of children being vulnerable in some way. The findings show that, within a group of children, facing a similar learning environment, there are significant differences between the experiences expressed. The findings presented support the importance of listening to children when planning educational settings. Listening to and taking into account the children’s different voices is an essential part of research and education that strives for inclusion, learning and well-being of all children.     

论现代学习理论的整合

整合的研究范式是教育心理学研究的一个鲜明特色和主流趋势。作为教育心理学的传统和经典内容之一的学习理论出现了整合发展的趋势。这种趋势反映了现代学习理论为解决教育实际问题、自身发展完善的历史必然性。这种整合发展主要表现在行为—认知—情意的整合、个体—情境的整合、外部驱动—主观能动的整合等方面。     

大学生健康性心理探索

通过分析大学生性心理的基本特征及健全的性心理结构，帮助大学生树立正确的性观念，形成科学的性意识。     

两汉"士不遇"赋情感的表现及特征

两汉“士不遇”集中地反映了两汉士人在大一统的一人专制制度下政治理想的受挫、自我期待的落空以及对自身角色转换的失落与体认。本文通过对两汉“士不遇”赋的考察。认为其情感的表现主要有四种方式：1，借他人之酒杯浇胸中之块垒。2，直抒胸臆，感士不遇。3设为问答，自我宽解。4，寄情景物，含蓄蕴藉。并论述了各类赋作的思想特色及作者心态。