基于数据特征的大型仪器共享服务绩效评价模型

仪器拥有单位对大型科学仪器的管理水平存在差异,采用固定权值评价指标考量共享服务绩效存在不合理性。通过对云南省大型科研仪器开放共享管理平台的绩效考核指标进行分析,根据仪器管理单位的内置属性将指标进行关联耦合,产生以仪器平均原值为考量基线,对外服务营运共享收益与对外服务单位数为考量的评价维度。基于共享服务记录数据特征,利用评价维度建立不同内置属性仪器管理单位的SSP评价模型。通过真实数据验证,SSP评价模型考量的结果与真实结果误差率为26.67%,基于数据特征的共享绩效评价模型具有一定的准确度。模型计算结果能客观反映仪器管理单位的共享服务能力和水平,为政府管理部门公平、公证地实施奖励性后补助工作提供评价依据和参考。     

Do teams need both hands? An analysis of team process ambidexterity and the enabling role of information technology

As a core organizational resource, business processes are vital for organizational teams. To deal with today’s volatile business environment, organizations need to be ambidextrous in terms of process capabilities. However, little is known about how process ambidexterity, process standardization, and process agility, are enabled by information technology (IT) and related to team-level activities. To fill this gap in the literature, we conducted a field study based on 160 teams of 1081 individuals from seven companies in South Korea. Our results show that IT enables both process standardization and agility, and that a team’s process ambidexterity has a positive effect on inter-team coordination and team innovation, which in turn have a direct impact on team performance. Our findings highlight the importance of process ambidexterity by investigating the enabling role of IT and its outcomes in a team. Our results offer theoretical and practical implications from the perspective of team process ambidexterity.     

National Football League head coach race,performance, retention,and dismissal

The authors tested for evidence of racial discrimination in the employment retention of National Football League head coaches. A robust data set spanning the modern history of the sport (1985–2018) was generated to examine managerial employment tenure, dismissal, and subsequent organizational performance. After controlling for performance differences and heterogeneity between head coaches, the authors uncover statistically significant evidence that Non-White head coaches experience longer employment spells relative to White head coaches in the Rooney Rule era. No statistically significant evidence of racial differences in the rate at which head coaches are fired is found. Both employment tenure and dismissal are largely driven by raw performance, and to a lesser degree, relative performance. Finally, the relationship between head coach race and organizational performance is examined, but no statistically significant differences by race are uncovered.     

基于DE-SVM的船舶航迹预测模型

为提高船舶航迹预测精度,解决准确建模难度大和神经网络易陷入局部最优的问题,考虑实时获取目标船AIS数据较少的特点,提出一种基于支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)的航迹预测模型。选择AIS数据中的航速、航向和船舶经纬度作为样本特征变量;采用小波阈值去噪的方法处理训练数据;采用差分进化(differential evolution,DE)算法对模型内部参数寻优以提高模型收敛速度和预测精度。选取天津港实船某段航迹的AIS数据,比较基于DE-SVM与基于BP神经网络的航迹预测模型的仿真结果。结果表明,基于DE-SVM的航迹预测模型具有更高的预测精度,简单、可行、高效,且耗时少。     

形成性评估应用于大学英语听力教学的绩效研究

实验研究得知,相较于终结性评估,形成性评估应用于大学英语听力教学不仅能够更为有效地激发和提高学生的学习动力,而且更能有效地提升听力学习绩效;形成性评估更能激发学生的听力学习自主性和合作性,提高其听力自主学习能力和合作学习能力.形成性评估能促使教师转变教学方式,改进听力教学,对提高教学质量和教学绩效有一定的意义.     

基于CIPP模式的高校辅导员考核评价体系

高校辅导员在实际工作中的角色多重性必然在很大程度上导致高校对这些辅导员考核评价的现实困扰。一些传统的辅导员考核评价模式存在着评价方式运用的趋同性、评价指标运用的主观性和评价结果运用的终结性等实际问题。基于背景、输入、过程和成果四位一体的CIPP综合评价模式,呈现出评价维度的多元性、评价方式的多样性和结果运用的持续性等优点。基于此模式,可以从优化辅导员绩效评价的指标结构、改进辅导员绩效评价的考核方法、关注辅导员考核评价的外部影响等方面建构高校辅导员考核评价体系。     

中西部高职教育对区域稳就业的支持作用及对策研究——以襄阳职业技术学院就业统计为例

本文针对我国中西部地区(以湖北襄阳为例)高职教育对区域稳就业的支持作用,通过调研与实证分析,从地方政府与高职院校两个视角提出稳就业的对策建议,地方政府应出台相应政策吸引人才,留住本地人才。高职院校需进一步深化人才培养模式改革、建立与区域产业发展相适应的动态调整专业结构的机制,通过深度产教融合,提升人才培养质量,培养"适...     

Evening electronic device use and sleep patterns in athletes

The present study aimed to investigate pre-sleep behaviours (including evening electronic device use) and sleep quantity in well-trained athletes. Seventy well-trained athletes (44 females, 26 males) aged 21 ± 4 y from a range of team and individual sports were asked to complete an online sleep diary for 7 days. The sleep diary included questions about pre-sleep behaviours (e.g. napping, caffeine intake), electronic device use in the 2 h prior to bedtime (e.g. type of device and duration of use) and sleep (e.g. time in bed, sleep onset latency). On average, athletes spent 8:20 ± 1:21 h in bed each night. Associations between age, time in bed and sleepiness suggested that younger athletes spent more time in bed (B = -0.05, p = 0.001) but felt sleepier (r = -0.32, p < 0.01) than older athletes. On average, athletes mostly used electronic devices for 0–30 min prior to sleep. The use of multiple devices in the evening was associated with more perceived difficulty in falling asleep (B = 0.22, p = 0.03), but no associations existed with other sleep variables. In summary, younger athletes may require later start times or improved sleep quality to resolve excessive sleepiness.     

我国男生引体向上“零”分探因:基于三角互证的研究策略

我国多数男生引体向上得"零"分,使上肢力量测评出现"地板效应"。采用量化研究和质性研究两种范式提高研究效度。量化研究对学生体质与健康调研数据和监测数据进行方差分析、多重比较和回归分析,结果表明：（1）每5~10年,男生的握力、体重、身高、BMI、引体向上均值差异显著;（2）年龄、握力、体重、身高、BMI分别显著预测引体向上成绩,体重和握力是影响我国男生引体向上成绩的主要影响因素。质性研究结果表明,引体向上"零"分主要有四个方面的原因：体重增长难挡,力量增长受限,个体认知偏差,社会支持薄弱。结论：我国男生引体向上"零"分的首要原因是体重增长较快,其次,主要肌群绝对力量和耐力增长不足,男生对引体向上的认知有偏差,学校、家长、社会支持较弱;借助政策控制体重、发展肌力、完善测评标准、促进男生积极练习引体向上十分重要。     

锻炼社会支持量表的编制与信效度检验

有规律的体育锻炼对人们的身心健康具有积极的促进作用,而社会支持是影响锻炼行为的重要相关因素。因此本研究的目的在于编制和检验锻炼社会支持量表。通过结合现有研究文献和质性研究,确立了初测量表,并通过两轮定量研究,应用探索性和验证性因子分析,信度分析以及校标效度检验对该量表进行了标准化的信效度检验。结果表明锻炼社会支持量表由4个因子构成,即情感性支持、信息性支持、工具性支持、同伴性支持,共24个条目。统计分析显示,量表具有良好的结构效度、内部一致性、重测信度和校标效度。锻炼社会支持量表符合我国文化背景,可以作为在中国人群中进行锻炼社会支持测量的工具。