普通高校体育课对大学生心肺功能影响的实验研究

运用文献资料法、教学实验法和数理统计法,就高校体育课对大学生心肺功能的影响进行实验研究.结果显示:体育课能有效改善大学生的心肺功能;情感策略教学方法对大学生的心功能改善具有明显的促进作用,对肺功能FVC、FEV1.0、MVV等指标也有一定程度的提高作用,虽然不具显著性,但比传统教学方法仍显示出较大的优势.建议高校体育教学改革要以“促进青少年身心健康、体魄强健”为方向,以提高大学生体质健康水平为基础目标,创新教学模式和方法,不断优化教学效果.     

武术的意境美及其美学价值

蕴含东方和谐哲学思想的武术,把中国传统哲学的普遍和谐价值观念落实到行之有效的操作层面,不仅对于构建和谐社会有益,也是人类和谐相处的和平之桥。从神美、阴阳和谐美、静虚之美方面谈及武术的意境美及其美学价值。     

中外男子撑竿跳高优秀运动员最后两步助跑至起跳技术相关运动学参数的比较研究

最后2步助跑至起跳技术是撑竿跳高中的关键技术环节。本文采用文献资料法、比较研究法,数理统计等方法对中外优秀男子撑竿跳高运动员最后2步助跑至起跳技术相关运动学参数进行对照。结果表明,我国优秀男子撑竿跳高运动员在身体重心运动轨迹变化、摆动膝角等多项指标中与世界优秀选手均存在一定差距,揭示我国优秀男子撑竿跳高运动员最后两步助跑至起跳技术的一般性规律与特征。为我国优秀男子撑竿跳高运动员的科学训练提供定量化参考依据。     

Programmatic choices and the demand for theatre: the case of Flemish theatres

Theatre experts generally agree that the Flemish theatre has flourished artistically over the period 1980–2000. Attendance, on the other hand, has declined significantly. Following Lancaster’s characteristics approach, we identify several output characteristics of individual theatre productions. Using a panel of 59 Flemish theatres, we examine the impact on demand of both these output characteristics and of traditional determinants such as own price, income and the price of substitutes. Differences in the relevant geographical market for touring and non-touring theatres are considered. We find that the nature of the artistic output affects demand. Theatregoers prefer large productions (in terms of cast size), plays by Dutch-speaking playwrights and revivals of old productions. Own price and consumer income have the expected negative and positive effects on attendance. Observed trends toward a decreasing proportion of new plays, an increasing presence of plays by Dutch-speaking playwrights, and increasing consumer income had a stimulating effect on attendance. These trends have been offset, however, by trends toward smaller cast sizes and higher ticket prices as well as by unobserved factors captured by time dummies. The net result has been a considerable drop in attendance.

以和谐社会的理念指导运动队建设

为了加强运动队的建设,采用树立理念和从实际出发等方法,分析了运动队中不同群体的特点和诉求,各种矛盾与冲突的来源及表现,认为运动队以运动员、教练员和工作人员为主体,三方人员不同的身份和职责有不同的诉求,彼此之间的互动构成运动队中的主要矛盾和冲突。从树立正确态度、加强制度建设和开展励志教育等方面探讨了解决运动队矛盾和冲突的途径。     

冰雪运动高水平运动员的语言修养及其表达

目前我国冰雪运动高水平运动员的语言修养及其表达能力整体水平有待提高。采用理论分析和实地调研等方法,指出冰雪运动员拥有良好的语言修养和表达能力,有利于与新闻媒体进行交流,有利于与教练、队友进行沟通,有利于训练效果的提高;提出可以通过提高运动员思想道德素质、综合素质和加强运动队各管理层面对运动员语言修养及其表达能力的重视程度等途径,不断提高我国冰雪运动高水平运动员的语言修养和表达能力。     

武术审美方式的文化根源研究

文章运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、综合分析法等研究方法,对中国武术审美方式产生的文化渊源进行探索,并从追求与自然、与自然规律的和谐统一美、追求与社会的和谐美、追求人与人之间"中和适度"和"以人为本"的人文精神五个方面进行分析。从而使人们对武术的审美文化有更深的理解,为当前武术审美研究提供一些参考。     

A scale-based approach to interdisciplinary research and expertise in sports

After more than 20 years since the introduction of ecological and dynamical approaches in sports research, their promising opportunity for interdisciplinary research has not been fulfilled yet. The complexity of the research process and the theoretical and empirical difficulties associated with an integrated ecological-dynamical approach have been the major factors hindering the generalisation of interdisciplinary projects in sports sciences. To facilitate this generalisation, we integrate the major concepts from the ecological and dynamical approaches to study behaviour as a multi-scale process. Our integration gravitates around the distinction between functional (ecological) and execution (organic) scales, and their reciprocal intra- and inter-scale constraints. We propose an (epistemological) scale-based definition of constraints that accounts for the concept of synergies as emergent coordinative structures. To illustrate how we can operationalise the notion of multi-scale synergies we use an interdisciplinary model of locomotor pointing. To conclude, we show the value of this approach for interdisciplinary research in sport sciences, as we discuss two examples of task-specific dimensionality reduction techniques in the context of an ongoing project that aims to unveil the determinants of expertise in basketball free throw shooting. These techniques provide relevant empirical evidence to help bootstrap the challenging modelling efforts required in sport sciences.     

Age and sex influences on running mechanics and coordination variability

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of age on running mechanics separately for male and female runners and to quantify sex differences in running mechanics and coordination variability for older runners. Kinematics and kinetics were captured for 20 younger (10 male) and 20 older (10 male) adults running overground at 3.5 m · s^?1. A modified vector coding technique was used to calculate segment coordination variability. Lower extremity joint angles, moments and segment coordination variability were compared between age and sex groups. Significant sex–age interaction effects were found for heel-strike hip flexion and ankle in/eversion angles and peak ankle dorsiflexion angle. In older adults, mid-stance knee flexion angle, ankle inversion and abduction moments and hip abduction and external rotation moments differed by sex. Older compared with younger females had reduced coordination variability in the thigh–shank transverse plane couple but greater coordination variability for the shank rotation–foot eversion couple in early stance. These results suggest there may be a non-equivalent aging process in the movement mechanics for males and females. The age and sex differences in running mechanics and coordination variability highlight the need for sex-based analyses for future studies examining injury risk with age.     

试论我国体育职业教育

采用文献资料等研究方法,分析了我国社会发展对体育职业教育的需求和体育职业教育的发展趋势.将确立高技能人才培养目标;提高体育职业教育质量;完善专业课程设置;提高综合素质作为体育职业教育的发展途径.提出了转变观念,拓宽办学渠道;加强高水平师资队伍建设;建立多学科的体育职业教育体系;健全符合社会要求的评价和监督机制的对策和建议.