中学化学实验创新教育的思考与实践

本文以中学化学实验创新教育为视点,针对目前普遍存在的问题,从创造性人格教育、创造能力培养、创造性思维训练三个方面进行了思考和实例介绍.     

The role of personality in motivational regulation and academic procrastination

This study explores the role of the motivational self-regulation in academic procrastination under the personality framework. Therefore, the aims of the study were to investigate: (a) the role of personality dimensions in the self-regulation of motivation; (b) the role of self-regulation of motivation in procrastination; and (c) the mediating role of the self-regulation of motivation. The participants were 274 university students (M?=?21 years). The Big Five traits explained from 6% to 17% variance of the individual motivational regulation strategies (MRSs). Both personality (conscientiousness) and the MRS (environmental control) were significant predictors of academic procrastination. Conscientiousness, agreeableness, and intellect showed an indirect effect on reducing academic procrastination, mediated through the strategy of environmental control, thus additionally suggesting the important role of this motivational strategy. Since this strategy can be taught, these findings have a strong practical value.     

Selecting teachers and prospective teachers: A meta-analysis

The purpose of this review article was to examine the methods used for the selection of teachers for employment and prospective teachers entering initial teacher education (ITE) programs, and to assess the predictive validity of these methods. We reviewed 32 studies reporting selection methods administered in high-stakes conditions and that included an external (not self-reported) teacher effectiveness outcome measure. The overall effect size was small but significant (r = 0.12, p < .001). Moderator analyses showed that academic and non-academic predictors were both significantly associated with teacher effectiveness measures and that effect sizes were small (but significant) for selection into employment and ITE. We conclude the review by proposing a research agenda that has the potential to enhance educational outcomes by improving the selection of prospective teachers.     

The effects of positive affectivity on expatriate creativity and perceived performance: What is the role of perceived cultural novelty?

This study set out to investigate the effects of positive affectivity (PA) on expatriate creativity and perceived performance in the host country workplace. Most importantly, the study examined the moderating role of perceived cultural novelty in the relationship between PA and creativity and its consequences for the indirect association between PA and perceived performance as mediated via creativity. Data from 297 expatriates in Denmark were collected and hypotheses were tested using regression-based analyses. Consistent with predictions, findings showed a positive relationship between PA and creativity. In addition, PA was positively associated with perceived performance. Results of mediation analysis indicated that creativity mediated the effects of PA on perceived performance. While a moderating effect of perceived cultural novelty in the relation between PA and creativity was found, this moderation was in the opposite direction of the postulated hypothesis, i.e. the positive association between PA and creativity was strongly attenuated at high levels of perceived cultural novelty. Subsequent moderated mediation analysis showed that the identified mediation ceased to exist at high levels of perceived cultural novelty.     

自由的人格--析《西游记》中孙悟空的人格形象之一

明朝中后期,商业文化成为社会生活的突出特点,理学的禁欲主义受到越来越多的批判,社会上涌现出一股争取个性自由,实现人性解放的近代启蒙思潮。《西游记》就是在这么一个时代背景之下产生的。文章主要从孙悟空这一形象入手,阐述了孙悟空享受原始状态的自由．实现自我价值的自由,追求精神人格上的自由,从而反映了作者的自由观,具有鲜明的时代特征。     

谈体育教育的个性化及终身化发展方向

体育教学日益重视学生的心理特点，兴趣爱好，个人特点和个体差异，强调学生由同一目标的划一，被动的学习转为在教师的指导下自觉地、自主地进行探索性的学习．发展其个性和自我管理、自我锻炼、自我完善的能力，使学生毕业离校后．仍能坚持锻炼．真正起到终身受益的目的。     

Individual difference predictors of creativity in Art and Science students

Two studies are reported that used multiple measures of creativity to investigate creativity differences and correlates in arts and science students. The first study examined Divergent Thinking fluency, Self-Rated Creativity and Creative Achievement in matched groups of Art and Science students. Arts students scored higher than Science students on two of the three measures. Regression analysis indicated that the educational domain demographic variable was the most consistent predictor of all three measures of creativity. The second study compared natural science, social science and arts students on two performance and two preference measures of creativity, whilst controlling for the effects of general intelligence. Results indicated only Self-Rated Creativity displayed significant group differences, with the regression analysis suggesting a stronger role of personality variables. The differences between the groups and implications for the measurement of creativity are considered.     

Investigating effects of the quality of field experiences and personality on perceived teaching skills in German pre-service teachers for secondary schools

Quality of field experiences during teacher education as well as individual characteristics of student teachers are considered important for the development of teaching skills. In the present study we investigated both organizational and individual predictors of self-rated teaching skills in student teachers for secondary schools in Germany (N = 443). As predictor variables for teaching skills after a field experience we assessed the perceived quality of the internship as well as personality traits, as control variables prior educational experiences and academic abilities. The assessed quality feature “linking theory and practice” explained more variance in the prediction of teaching skills than personality traits.     

人格刑法与并合主义理论研究

人格刑法在理论体系的构建上具有优势，但是在现有的技术背景下没有很强的可行性和可操作性。并合主义虽然在理论体系上没有人格刑法完美，但是却具有很强的现实性和可操作性。宽严相济的刑事政策指导我们应选择相对客观的并合主义。     

从个性的角度看中西方女运动员的运动寿命

对“运动寿命”的研究已为世人所关注。但对此问题的研究一直还局限在个别运动项目运动寿命的延长问题上，缺乏对优秀运动员成长过程的全方位研究和对优秀运动员“运动寿命”影响因素的系统分析。本文从影响人的个性形成和发展的各主要因素等角度去分析造成中西方女子运动员运动寿命存有长短差异的原因．最后得出：社会环境的不同是造成中西方女子运动员运动寿命存有长短差异的主要原因所在．