Effects of childhood trauma on personality in a sample of Chinese adolescents

Childhood trauma is a major public health problem which has an impact on personality development, yet no studies have examined the association between exposure to trauma and personality in a sample of Chinese adolescents. Four hundred eighty-five students completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). The CTQ-SF cut-off scores for exposure were used to calculate the prevalence of trauma. The possible associations between specific types of trauma and the EPQ subscale scores were examined. The rates of emotional abuse (EA), physical abuse (PA), sexual abuse (SA), emotional neglect (EN), and physical neglect (PN) were 18.76%, 11.13%, 27.01%, 49.48%, and 68.66%, respectively. Individuals subjected to EA, PA, and SA had significantly higher neuroticism (EPQ-N) and psychoticism (EPQ-P) scores on the EPQ compared with those who had not experienced EA, PA, or SA (all p values < 0.05). Significant positive correlations existed between CTQ-SF subscale scores for EA, SA, CTQ-SF total scores, and EPQ-N, EPQ-P scores (all p values < 0.05). Significant number of subjects in this adolescent sample reported experience of childhood abuse and neglect. Exposure to childhood trauma is associated with personality development in Chinese adolescents.     

Investigating Personality and Viewing-Motivation Correlates of Reality Television Exposure

This study investigated the personality and viewing-motivation correlates of reality television exposure. Results from a survey of 592 undergraduates showed that extroversion negatively predicted reality television exposure, whereas neuroticism was not associated with it. Both instrumental (social interaction, information, and arousal) and ritualized (relaxation, pass time, entertainment, and companionship) viewing motivations positively predicted exposure to reality television. A two-stage model by which personality traits contributed to viewing motivations, which, in turn, contributed to the selection of reality television, was tested and offered an adequate fit to the data. Implications for uses and gratifications research are discussed.     

Personality and preference for evaluation methods: A study among business administration students

The goal of this study is to verify whether preference for evaluation methods can be predicted by personality as defined by the Big Five model, when controlling for gender and business major. A sample of 108 students enrolled in two compulsory undergraduate business courses completed an online questionnaire. Analysis of multiple linear hierarchical regressions indicate that gender, business major and personality account for 7–16% of the variance in preference for case studies, group work, oral exams, written exams, multiple choice tests, and practical work. These findings are discussed with regard to the relationship between personality factors predicting preference for evaluation methods and potential impacts on student evaluation and academic success in business schools.     

作家的艺术风格与民俗学

作家的创作个性和具体话语情境,总是受一定时代的社会生活制约和影响的,作家的艺术风格不可避免地带有一定时代、一定民族和一定地域的特点。从这个意义上我们可以说,作家的艺术风格是特定历史时代、风情民俗和语言文化的修辞表达。     

中国企业员工五大人格特性与关联绩效及其维度关系的实证研究

采用结构方程的方法研究了中国企业员工具体大五个性特性和关联绩效维度之间的映射,区别探讨了个性子维度与关联绩效的子维度的关系,证明大五个性维度与特定的关联绩效维度有显著不同的关系。     

构建一般人格权的法律思考

人格利益一直被视为现代社会人的最高利益,本文通过对一般人格权概念、内容及侵犯一般人格权构成要件的介绍,阐述了构建一般人格权制度的理论及现实意义。     

试论课堂教学中学生创造力培养的策略

创造力是一种认知、人格和社会层面的综合体。依此 ,课堂教学中学生创造力的培养包括认知策略、人格策略和环境策略 ,三种策略统一于学生创造力的培养。课堂教学中 ,教师应在注重三种策略的基础上 ,促进其整合与发展     

从《儒林外史》看吴敬梓的人格理想

本文认为吴敬梓在《儒林外史》中痛感儒家传统人格的失落, 剖析儒林人格现状, 建构理想人格。在吴看来, 八股文章盛行的时代出现了两种类型的人格: 一种是自我萎缩型人格, 一种是自我实现型人格。吴的反思表明: 前者具有普遍的社会意义和极大的腐蚀性, 而后者是儒家传统人格失落后的高扬和重建。     

Expectations and acculturation: Further unpacking of adjustment mechanisms within the Russian-speaking community in Montreal

Recent years have witnessed a significant growth in the Russian-speaking community in Montreal, Canada. However, little is currently known about the predictors of psychological adjustment in immigrants from the Former Soviet Union (FSU). In this study we explored the expectations that this group of immigrants (N = 271) hoped to fulfill in their adopted society, the extent to which these expectations have been fulfilled, and the impact of fulfilled expectations on psychological adjustment. We found that the degree of fulfilled expectations was significantly associated with better psychological adjustment independent of personality traits, language proficiency, and acculturation. These findings contribute to the literature on cross-cultural adaptation of immigrants from the FSU and highlight the potential importance of expectations for the study of acculturation more generally.     

苏轼审美人生论

审美人生与仕宦人生是极端对立的两种人生态度，官场生活与诗人本性，从根本上来说，是格格不入的：一个是戴着面具的政客，一个是赤子之心的诗人，一个极端需要官场应酬的虚伪，一个必须是肝胆相照、表里澄彻。苏轼的人生是一种典型的审美人生，即以沉浸于学艺术的读书写作，赏玩人生宇宙的色相、秩序、节奏与和谐为人生愉悦。