Complementarities of innovation activities: An empirical analysis of the German manufacturing sector

Innovation strategies in manufacturing often involve internal R&D activities as well as external partnerships. Thereby it is not clear if internal and external activities are complements or substitutes. This paper tests for complementarity of different innovation activities, i.e. internal R&D, R&D contracting, and R&D cooperation. The empirical analysis of cross-sectional firm level data of the German manufacturing sector comprises both indirect and direct complementarity tests; it is based on data from the German part of the Community Innovation Survey (CIS 3). The results provide evidence for significant complementarities between internal R&D and R&D cooperation, but cast doubt on the complementarity of internal and contracted R&D, since a productivity effect on firms’ patenting probability or sales with new products cannot be found.     

产学研研发联盟：国际经验及我国对策

在科技进步加速、产业技术竞争日趋激烈的国际大环境下,促进产学研研发联盟已成为各国政府和产业界的共同的战略选择。然而,对于这种新型的研发组织形式,如何进行有效的组织管理对各国的管理者无疑是一个重大挑战。本文重点探讨产学研研发联盟的组织特性,总结国际上产学研研发联盟组织管理的基本经验,提出对我国政府推动产学研研发联盟发展的政策性建议。     

国外科技创新措施评述

知识经济时代科技创新成为影响各国竞争实力的重要因素,各国政府纷纷采取措施提高本国科技创新能力,其中制定研发政策支持创新、推进产学研合作促进创新以及加强知识产权管理保护创新是最为重要的三个环节,通过对国外相关做法的分析,提出我国在促进科技创新与发展中可以借鉴的先进经验,旨在为我国各省市促进科技创新提供参考。     

Cinderella without her prince: Further education colleges in England

China aims to become an innovation-led nation by 2020, but its leadership is generally sceptical – and oftentimes hostile – to the market forces, open exchange of ideas, and creative destruction that have unlocked innovation in other countries. Instead, Beijing hopes to promote innovation in China through a massive expansion in higher education, more skilled workers, and heavy investments in R&;D. Can China's leaders engineer a top-down approach to innovation?     

采空区地震数值模拟响应特征分析

本文首先分析讨论了采空区的地质特征及地球物理特征。从煤矿采空区的物性基础出发,阐述了利用地震波动法探测采空区的可行性,并根据波动方程原理,设计了部分采空区数学模型;运用正演模拟的方法,从地震波的运动学和动力学角度出发,分析了不同参数的采空区各自的地震响应特征及其分辨率;在前人有关采空区研究基础上,进一步研究了实际采空区的地震资料分析和研究。最后,结合实际资料总结了采空区在地震资料中的反映特征和识别标志。     

软件企业R&D升级投资价值的期权定价模型

论文借鉴金融期权定价的思想和方法,通过建立R&D升级投资价值的柔性化评估模型,获得了R&D升级投资期权价值的解析式与最优投资准则。通过数值分析发现一个与传统相反的结论,R&D升级投资期权价值随无风险利率r和项目价值的波动率上升而下降,但随投资延迟损失率上升而上升。随后对这种结果进行了详细的解释,并分析了形成传统结论的原因。最后通过案例分析进一步阐释R&D升级投资的投资决策。     

黄姜中提取薯蓣皂素的新工艺研究

本针对安康市薯蓣皂素提取中存在的问题，提出了一种从黄姜中提取皂素的新工艺，该工艺先分出粗纤维，再经过发酵、水解及石灰中和与澄清的方法，可以使皂素的收率提高，原材料消耗降低，环境污染减少等优点，可供企业生产参考。     

新微波测量线传感技术

根据鼠标的位移矢量传感原理，对国内的微波自动测量线系统加以改进．此系统采用AT89C2051单片机的片内比较器，以及单片机的一个I／O口生成PWM波，构成简易的A／D转换器，用PC机实现数据的存储处理．系统小巧易用，方便快捷，克服了国内微波自动测量线系统体积大，测量距离受限制等弊端。     

族群认同与族群性——以广西柳城县平话人与客家人为例

运用人类学参与式观察的方法,研究生活在同一个村落里的两个族群之认同与族群特征,发现他们细致的差异,强调语言在族群认同中扮演的重要角色,以及族群特征的削弱与重构的意义。     

Persistent heterogeneity of R&D intensities within sectors: Evidence and policy implications

Do firms in the same sector converge towards the same R&D intensities? Previous research has often assumed this to be true. A closer examination, using microdata from the EU Industrial R&D Investment Scoreboard for the years 2000–2015, shows considerable heterogeneity in R&D intensities among firms in the same sector, and that this heterogeneity persists over time. Statistical tests of convergence show that the variation in R&D intensities does not decrease over time (i.e. no σ-convergence), although firms with an R&D intensity below the industry average do seem to catch up with the leaders (i.e. evidence of β-convergence). Overall, firms in the same industry do not converge to a common R&D intensity. Policy implications are discussed.