新时期老年体育特征及对策

老人体育是群众体育的一个重要组成部分,也是当今社会极为关注的研究课题之一。通过专访调查、查阅文献资料,对新时期老年体育的特征进行了研究,得出现代我国老人体育意识明显增强,已成为老年人生活方式中的重要内容;老人体育具有康乐特征;老年体育担负着开展家庭体育的重任;现行的行政组织,对老年体育组织管理比较薄弱等结论,并提出了对策建议     

数字图书馆网络连通性故障分析与排除

介绍了基于以太局域网技术、运行Windows 2000 Server网络操作系统的数字图书馆网络连通性故障检测方法，针
对不同类型故障，分别分析了产生原因，探讨了排除方法。对数字图书馆网络管理和维护工作具有一定借鉴意义     

哈尔滨体育学院开设冰雪健身课程的研究

以课程论研究为指导思想,以哈尔滨体育学院体育教师、管理人员和在校大学生为研究对象。采用文献资料、问卷调查、访谈、逻辑推理等研究方法对哈尔滨体育学院冬季体育课程的开设现状进行调查与分析,总结出哈尔滨体育学院冰雪课程开发存在的问题,并针对存在的问题探讨推行冰雪健身课程的可行性,旨在把冰雪健身课程列入到冬季体育教学的选修课及哈尔滨体育学院的人才培养方案中,以期为高等院校体育课程的创新研究提供建议与参考。     

“阳光体育运动”解析及高校实施的策略研究

为了全面落实由教育部、国家体育总局、共青团中央倡导的"阳光体育运动"在高校的开展与实施,促进大学生的体质健康,运用文献资料法和逻辑推理法,在全面解读活动内涵的基础上,阐明了活动开展的现实意义;分析了制约大学生体质健康发展的社会因素和当前高校体育教育体制内部存在的问题.提出了应将"阳光体育运动"的主导思想纳入到高校体育课程的改革中,树立融教学、锻炼(训练)、竞赛于一体的完整的体育课程观念,建立了选项分层教学的高校体育课程模式;进一步加大了体育课程资源在健康、娱乐、社会、文化等方面的开发;将课内外一体化、突出学生主体参与的活动课程体系,作为全体学生参与和实践"阳光体育运动"的主要形式,并把强调体质健康和体育能力的培养作为课程评价体系的双要素,以强化其对开展"阳光体育运动"的检验、反馈与激励的综合作用.     

The Cybathlon experience: beyond transhumanism to capability hybridization

The Cybathlon is a new kind of competition that embraces disabled people who use advanced assistive technologies. The purpose of this essay is to interpret the Cybathlon not as a ‘transhuman’ sport for enhanced athletes but as a place for experimenting with ‘capability hybridatization’ of the self. We wish to show that the figure of the transhuman cyborg that dominates the media coverage of disabled athletes is an attempt to approximate the able-bodied standard. This figure is problematic because it excludes athletes who cannot meet it. We defend the idea that capability hybridization, on the other hand, does not seek to approach a standard, but aims to promote and legitimize variedly able bodies. This article will be organized in three stages. First, we will highlight the production of the transhuman cyborg at work in contemporary disability sport. Then, we will show that this transhuman cyborg is based on ableist and heteronormative conceptions of the body that are opposed to a postmodern definition of the cyborg. Finally, we will argue that the Cybathlon, as it currently exists, is not a showcase of this transhuman cyborg but, above all, a place to experiment with a form of capability hybridization.     

新时代《学校体育工作条例》修改的法律审视

《学校体育工作条例》（简称《条例》）自1990年颁布施行后已有近30年的时间,在这期间我国学校体育已经有了长足的发展。尤其在党的十九大后,我国在“新时代,新体育,新治理”的时代背景下,对学校体育法治建设提出了新要求。而《条例》作为指导学校体育工作层次最高、最全面的法律规范,已严重滞后于当前学校体育形势的发展。主要运用文献资料法,对《条例》的修改进行法律审视。对《条例》的制定进行了历史回望,分析了《条例》制定的重要意义;立足于新时代,从经济、法治、学校体育法律体系的构建以及学校体育自身发展形势的角度分析了《条例》修改的必要性;认为由于《条例》未能适时修改,影响了学生、教师权利的保护,《条例》未能建立相关的责任机制也使得《条例》的实施步履维艰。针对上述问题,在宏观的视角下对《条例》的修改提出建议,以期推动《条例》尽快地修改与完善。     

Sport as a vehicle for health promotion: A shared value example of corporate social responsibility

Professional sport organizations are increasingly encouraging physical and mental wellness by developing and deploying health promotion activities via socially responsible programming and messaging. However, delivery, deployment, and scope issues, all of which limit observable and sustainable impacts on health promotion and behavior, encumber many socially responsible programs. The authors frame the study using a shared value perspective to demonstrate that sport managers can effectively promote health when the professional sport organization is concurrently attempting to deliver social and business value. To illustrate this approach, the authors used a health-related intervention program funded and delivered by a professional sport league as the research context. The authors undertook a mixed-method, quasi-experimental study to determine the potential to achieve social value (e.g., physical health and mental wellness) and business value (e.g., team, league, and sport affinity, and patronage). The results show that the business-centric effects were stronger among a group of youth beneficiaries than they were among some health- and wellness-centric variables. The authors discuss the significant effects through a shared value lens and posit several areas for future research.     

Managerial perceptions of factors affecting the design and delivery of sport for health programs for refugee populations

Millions of refugees from the Middle East and Africa have moved to mainland Europe in recent years, where they face boredom, physical and mental health issues, and lack of social relationships. Policy makers consider sport an effective way to address these issues, but researchers have not fully considered managerial considerations in designing and delivering sport to refugees. The purpose of this study is to understand how sport managers can design and deliver sport to refugee populations in order to maximize beneficial health outcomes. The authors theoretically grounded the study in a social-ecological model, recognizing that the design, delivery, and outcomes of sport are set within constraints at multiple levels. Data were collected using a Delphi approach with a group of experts from Germany and the Netherlands. The findings indicated that the experts attributed a number of health benefits to sport programs including physical activity, diversion, stress reduction, coping, and building friendships. Benefits were more likely to occur when the sport delivery approach moved from merely increasing participation to also affecting the sport for health settings. The experts also identified a number of intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, and societal level factors impacting the design, delivery, and outcomes of sport for health programs which are rich in implications for sport managers and policy makers.     

Healthying physical education - on the possibility of learning health

Background: As part of the annual activities at the British Educational Research Association (BERA) conference, the Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy Special Interest Group (SIG) organises a so-called Invisible College, where a Scholar Lecture is delivered by a researcher who has made a significant contribution to the field. This paper is the 2018 Scholar Lecture.

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to discuss two concepts and the relations between them – health and learning.

Key concepts: In the paper, the metaphor of the swimmer in the river, as introduced by Antonovsky, is used in order to go beyond individualistic, dualistic and instrumental notions of health and education. I argue for a move away from a notion of teaching young people how to be healthy through the deployment of ready-made educational packages, towards acknowledging health education as a societal responsibility, where it is recognised that sociocultural and economic contexts afford diverse opportunities to be healthy and to learn to live healthy lives, however these are construed.

Discussion and conclusion: Rather than confining health and health education to the prevention of premature death and disease, I discuss health, in relation to learning, as always being in the process of becoming. The health resources for living a good life can then be found in the ‘river’, with the ‘swimmer’, and in the relation between the ‘river’ and the ‘swimmer’. In this way, health can manifest itself in many different ways. I ask why we even attempt to talk about health in the singular when talking about different diseases. Is health rather a plural? Is it even a noun? Or is it something we do – a verb? If the latter, health education can be conceived of as a practice – ‘healthying’ – rather than a fixed, static outcome set up by research and public health policies as something to achieve in education.     

有氧健身操和力量训练对年轻超重和肥胖男性体能与血液改变的对比研究*

国内肥胖和超重现象日趋严重,运动减肥中常用的两种方法：有氧健身操和力量练习方法,这两种训练方式如何改变年轻超重和肥胖男性的身体形态和机能？文章试图来给予正在利用这两类运动方式健身和减肥的年轻超重或者肥胖者一些科学建议,从而能够根据自身身体状态和需求来科学健身。研究方法：9周训练时间,分3组平行进行,分别为有氧健身操组、力量训练组和对照组,训练一般选在下午5点进行,每次训练90min,5次/周。实验前后分别测试受试者的BMI,体脂率,最大摄氧量,耐力,握力和弹跳力,以及血清中的白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)和6(IL-6),以及肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α),并统计分析实验数据,t检验实验前后和组间的差异。实验结果：有氧健身操和力量训练都能减少年轻超重和肥胖男性的BMI和体脂率,并增加肌肉量、握力和弹跳力,但有氧健身操改善受训者的心肺功能（最大摄氧量和耐力）的能力要强于力量训练。对于血清中的致炎因子影响来说,两种不同的训练方式起着完全相反的作用：有氧健身操能够降低致炎因子水平（IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α）,但是力量训练却使致炎因子的水平增加。结论：建议想增加肌肉量的年轻超重和肥胖男性在使用力量训练的同时,结合有氧健身操的锻炼方法,使身体逐渐恢复健康状态。