The mental health of adolescents in England: How does it vary during their time at school?

The wellbeing of young people has become an important education policy issue, with suggestions that mental health problems amongst young people have increased in recent years. Experiences at school are thought to be a key factor contributing to mental ill-health amongst adolescents. Yet surprisingly, little is known about how mental health outcomes vary across school year groups, independent of the effects of age. This article contributes new evidence on this issue, drawing upon large-scale health data from England. We find substantial growth in mental health problems as young people progress through secondary school. Yet this seems to be driven by the effects of age, rather than due to movement into more senior school year groups. We consequently conclude that evidence of a direct link between school year group and young people’s mental health remains relatively weak.     

Using Q-methodology to determine students' perceptions of interprofessional anatomy education

Interprofessional education (IPE) prepares healthcare students for collaboration in their future careers. The purpose of this study was to determine which aspects of the IPE Program in Anatomy at McMaster University contributed to the development of healthcare student's interprofessional skills. Q-methodology was used to identify the students' common viewpoints of the IPE experience. A total of 26/28 (93%) of students in the course from the medical, nursing, midwifery, physician assistant, occupational therapy, and physiotherapy programs participated in this study. Students were asked to sort a Q-sample of 43 statements about the IPE dissection course derived from previous qualitative studies of the program. Using the centroid factor extraction and varimax rotation, three salient factors (groups) emerged, namely: (1) Anatomy IPE Enthusiasts, (2) Practical IPE Advocates, and (3) Skeptical IPE Anatomists. The Anatomy IPE Enthusiasts believed that students from different disciplines brought unique anatomical knowledge and each group member guided others through difficult material. The Practical IPE Advocates expressed that they would be stronger advocates for interprofessional teams in the future because of the course. The Skeptical IPE Anatomists strongly disagreed that learning with students from different disciplines helped them gain an understanding of their roles in the context of other healthcare professionals and felt that there was little benefit from the IPE program compared to other non-interprofessional programs. These findings about student attitudes are critical to drive an evidence-based evolution of the IPE dissection course, since students' perceptions can have a profound influence on interprofessional collaboration in the workplace.     

高校中层管理干部的心理资本水平及在心理健康中的作用

研究考察了高校中层管理干部的心理资本、心理健康状况、职业倦怠感和幸福感。研究发现,中层管理干部心理资本水平总体良好。心理资本水平越高,他们的社会功能越好,越少表现出职业倦怠,体会到越多的幸福感。说明心理资本在维持心理健康水平、减少职业倦怠和提升幸福感中起重要作用。     

桂西地区艾滋病病毒与结核菌双重感染(HIV/TB)患者心理健康及社会支持情况研究结果分析

目的：了解HIV/TB患者心理健康状况与其应对方式及社会支持度的现状并分析它们之间的关系,为今后对这类特残人群的干预措施调提供科学依据。方法运用心理卫生评定量表手册中的SCL-90、SCSQ和SSRS三个量对桂西地区（百色市）103对HIV/TB患者和健康对照者进行问卷调查,比较其异同并进行相关分析。结果：SCL-90调查结果。病患组的总均分和各因子得分除“偏执”和“其他”两项外均显著高于对照组;HIV/TB双重感染患者积极应对显著少于对照组,反之消极应对也显著多于对照,病患者组的社会支持力度上无论是主观支持还是客观支持都显著小于对照组;经过回归分析发现HIV/TB双重感染患者心理健康严重程度与社会支持总得分、主观支持、客观支持三个因素有显著负相关,与积极应对有显著正相关。结论：HIV/TB双重感染患者由于疾病特殊,加上社会支持的不足,其心理健康出现了诸多问题,要做好此类病患者的防治工作,需要在心理方面对患者进行疏导,多开展疾病的知识宣教等,同时动员全社会的力量,共同关怀、共同努力、消除歧视,营造一个利于患者的环境,才能工作做好。     

浅析高职高专院校体育教学中提高学生身体素质的策略

对于高职高专院校的学生来说,正值身体发育迅速的阶段,且高职高专院校多是培养高级技工人员,需要多动手,参与劳动,因此提高他们的体质锻炼意识,多加强锻炼,可以增强自身的体质,进而为将来走上工作岗位提供良好的素质,能终生受益。文章探讨如何在高职高专院校体育教学中提高学生身体素质,为今后研究提供理论依据。     

How to conduct External Quality Assessment Schemes for the pre-analytical phase?

In laboratory medicine, several studies have described the most frequent errors in the different phases of the total testing process, and a large proportion of these errors occur in the pre-analytical phase. Schemes for registration of errors and subsequent feedback to the participants have been conducted for decades concerning the analytical phase by External Quality Assessment (EQA) organizations operating in most countries. The aim of the paper is to present an overview of different types of EQA schemes for the pre-analytical phase, and give examples of some existing schemes. So far, very few EQA organizations have focused on the pre-analytical phase, and most EQA organizations do not offer pre-analytical EQA schemes (EQAS). It is more difficult to perform and standardize pre-analytical EQAS and also, accreditation bodies do not ask the laboratories for results from such schemes. However, some ongoing EQA programs for the pre-analytical phase do exist, and some examples are given in this paper. The methods used can be divided into three different types; collecting information about pre-analytical laboratory procedures, circulating real samples to collect information about interferences that might affect the measurement procedure, or register actual laboratory errors and relate these to quality indicators. These three types have different focus and different challenges regarding implementation, and a combination of the three is probably necessary to be able to detect and monitor the wide range of errors occurring in the pre-analytical phase.     

我国青少年儿童体质健康的社会支持环境探析

近年来,我国青少年儿童体质健康问题突出。政府虽采取多种途径和办法在一定程度上遏制了青少年儿童体质健康的下滑,但是由于多重社会环境因素的影响,青少年儿童体质健康水平的根本性扭转面临挑战。研究运用健康促进的生态系统理论,在国内外相关研究基础上,分析了影响我国青少年儿童体质健康的社会环境因素,以及探析了促进我国青少年儿童体质健康的社会支持环境和社会服务体系的建设途径。     

独生子女大学生对《学生体质健康标准》政策态度的调查研究

通过向574名大学生发放调查问卷,分析了解独生子女和非独生子女对《学生体质健康标准》政策的态度。结果表明：（1）大学生对《健康标准》政策内容比较认同,但独生子女与非独生子女之间有显著差异,独生子女的政策认同均低于非独生子女;（2）独生子女对政策实施的认同方面与非独生子女差异不显著,但是在过程管理、教学配合、重视程度三方面有显著性差异,独生子女要高于非独生子女;（3）独生子女对政策效果的认同方面与非独生子女差异不显著,但是在负面体验方面有显著性差异,独生子女要低于非独生子女;（4）独生子女在政策满意度方面与非独生子女有显著性差异,且均低于非独生子女;（5）独生子女在政策行为方面与非独生子女差异不显著,但是在逃避和失范方面有显著性差异,独生子女要低于非独生子女;（6）通过改变教育观念、加强大学生的意志品质的培养,加强教师的服务意识和过程管理等途径来改变学生对《健康标准》政策的消极态度。     

基于多元统计分析的大学生体质健康综合评价

针对大学生体质健康的研究,根据某高校大学生体能测试结果,使用系统聚类、单因素方差分析和判别分析等方法,建立BMI分级、聚类分析、方差分析和体质健康综合评价分级等模型,使用Matlab、Eviews、SPSS等软件编程,分别分析体重、生源地对体质健康问题的影响程度,验证测试数据的准确性并剔除部分误差数据,最后得到大学生体质健康的评价标准,利用此标准评价该校大学生部分同学的体制健康状况。     

循证决策视角下的患者健康咨询主题分析

[目的/意义]为了将大数据更好地用于循证决策,文章构建了循证决策视角下的患者健康主题分析模型。[方法/过程]首先使用LDA主题模型对高血压问答数据进行主题探测,并结合文献提炼出高血压八大主题;再次使用问卷调查法和层次分析法对主题探测结果进行评估;最后对得到的证据进行实践讨论。[结果/结论]文章对大数据和循证决策的结合做了尝试性探索,结果表明循证决策视角下的患者健康主题分析模型,具有一定的实用性和创新性。