企业多渠道销售系统运作管理研究

针对电商强烈冲击下传统制造企业多渠道销售系统运作管理问题,基于变分不等式理论,构建多重企业多渠道博弈模型,证明均衡解的唯一性和存在性。在此基础上,提出快速收敛的欧拉算法,并借助数值案例进行模拟实验。数值分析结果表明,电商的迅猛发展并非一定迫使企业由线下渠道转型到线上渠道。当线下渠道成本增大时,企业线上渠道和分销渠道能降低线下渠道带来的利润损失。     

培养更好的学习者——从大学先修课程看高中学业评价

如何改变高中学业评价制度的单一化,使有需要的学生有更多的学习选择,进而培养更好的学习者是现阶段我国教育领域深化改革进程中的重中之重,也符合当前各国高中学业评价的理论转向与实践探索。在这方面,美国AP课程学生学业评价为我国建立先修课程考评体系提供了参考。而成立专门的负责机构;大学是否可以让学生免修并承认学分;建立多元评价机制是当前我国先修课程考核体系的建设中亟待解决的三个问题。     

Referee bias contributes to home advantage in English Premiership football

Abstract

Officiating bias is thought to contribute to home advantage. Recent research has shown that sports with subjective officiating tend to experience greater home advantage and that referees' decisions can be influenced by crowd noise, but little work has been done to examine whether individual referees vary in their home bias or whether biased decisions contribute to overall home advantage. We develop an ordinal regression model to determine whether various measures of home advantage are affected by the official for the match and by crowd size while controlling for team ability. We examine 5244 English Premier League (EPL) match results involving 50 referees and find that home bias differs between referees. Individual referees give significantly different levels of home advantage, measured as goal differential between the home and away teams, although the significance of this result depends on one referee with a particularly high home advantage (an outlier). Referees vary significantly and robustly in their yellow card and penalty differentials even excluding the outlier. These results confirm that referees are responsible for some of the observed home advantage in the EPL and suggest that home advantage is dependent on the subjective decisions of referees that vary between individuals. We hypothesize that individual referees respond differently to factors such as crowd noise and suggest further research looking at referees' psychological and behavioural responses to biased crowds.     

大学英语分级教学对英语选修课的启示

非英语专业学生英语文化通识基础较弱,为此类选修课的开设带来了很大不便,但在大学英语分级教学模式中可以得到启示,从课程设置、课堂教学、课下兴趣活动、学生成绩考核和教师自身文化通识修养的加强中得到相应借鉴,从而夯实学生的英语文化通识基础,为将来的认识发展提供条件。     

主成分分析法在工业经济效益指标评价中的应用

主成分分析法能够在保证原始数据信息损失最小的情况下，以少数的综合变量取代原有的多维变量，使数据结构简化，并且客观地确定权数，避免主观随意性，是经济效益综合评价的一种简单易行的有效方法．运用第一主成分分析，对全国16个省、直辖市的主要工业经济效益进行排序．     

The Role of Self-Efficacy,Academic Abilities,and Parental Education in the Change in Career Decisions of Adolescents Facing German Unification

In times of dramatic social change, new career options emerge and old options may become obsolete. We investigated predictors of change in general career aspirations and of plans to attend a university of East German adolescents from 1989 (before German unification) to 1991 and 1995, respectively, after German unification. Higher pre-unification self-efficacy beliefs were associated with an increase in general career aspirations and a higher probability of switching from non-college-bound vocational training to attending a university. In addition, better pre-unification school grades and having parents who graduated from a university increased adolescents' probability to switch to a university. Furthermore, interaction effects of self-efficacy with grades and cognitive abilities appeared, indicating that for individuals with high self-efficacy, cognitive abilities became more important and grades less important in predicting the wish to pursue university studies. We concluded that beliefs in one's capabilities, and high academic abilities are important resources in vocational reorientation in times of social change.     

东南大学＂三自主＂体育选项课管理系统网络化设计研究

传统体育选项课工作量大而繁琐,透明度不高,不能充分体现以人为本,人性化管理的理念。实行网上选课制,不但减轻教师负担,而且给学生以充分的自主。实践证明,《东南大学体育选项课网络管理系统》是高效、快捷的,实用价值高,便于推广。     

The Primary Classification Test

ABSTRACT

The authors sought to better understand the relationship between students participating in the Advanced Placement (AP) program and subsequent performance on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT). Focusing on students graduating from U.S. public high schools in 2010, the authors used propensity scores to match junior year AP examinees in 3 subjects to similar students who did not take any AP exams in high school. Multilevel regression models with these matched samples demonstrate a mostly positive relationship between AP exam participation and senior year SAT performance, particularly for students who score a 3 or higher. Students who enter into the AP year with relatively lower initial achievement are predicted to perform slightly better on later SAT tests than students with similar initial achievement who do not participate in AP.     

How valuable is ‘short project’ placement experience to higher education students?

Much of the research into higher education and its role in work-based learning, and especially in supporting undergraduate students on placements, has focused on longer-term internships and sandwich courses. Research has also concentrated on subject areas that have traditionally been associated with the above, for example business, health and engineering. By contrast, the aim of this study was to gather data from students on a much shorter period of placement categorised as a ‘short project’. In addition, the data recovered was from students studying within the social sciences paradigm, undertaking an undergraduate degree in education studies (not teacher training). The social sciences and humanities more generally have not been discussed to any great extent within the context of research on placement or work-based learning; the subject area of education studies is not covered by previous research. The results suggest that even a relatively short period of structured placement can be of significant benefit to students and provide them with an opportunity to assess their career direction and gain valuable experience. The article also considers to what extent this type of placement can be applied to other subject areas within higher education.     

教育社会学的本土研究和自主发展

文章主张教育社会学在中国要走本土研究和自主发展的道路。从教育社会学本土研究和自主发展的必要性、可能性和可行性三个方面对上述观点进行了论证。