我国灾害发展趋势分析

当前，人类活动对地球环境的影响力在某些方面已超过自然界的推动力，以全球增暖为特征的环境变化在我国有其特殊的表现。必须改变以牺牲环境质量为代价的经济增长方式，减少减灾防灾中的负面影响力求建立人与环境相协调共生体系，以确保可持续发展的战略的顺利实施。     

Inclusion of pupils with ADHD symptoms in mainstream classes with PBS

Inclusion is never only a practical issue of placement. School-wide systemic change, together with well-functioning, multi-tiered support, can promote the inclusion of all pupils. This paper draws on research conducted in two mainstream primary schools in Finland. The primary focus was to gain insight into practical solutions to facilitate the inclusion of pupils with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in mainstream teaching. Using an experimental, multiple-baseline, single-case design, we examined the effects of Check-in Check-out (CICO) support on changes in the behaviour of two pupils who displayed ADHD-type behaviours. The key features of CICO are brief morning and afternoon meetings with an adult, the use of a daily report card, regular positive feedback during the day, and parental involvement. This study examined if behavioural gains made during the implementation of CICO support can be maintained. Visual data analysis revealed differences in two CICO-ending strategies on maintenance in pupils with ADHD symptoms. The results suggest that consistent universal positive behaviour support systems together with additional behavioural support can facilitate the successful inclusion of pupils observed by teachers to have even severe disruptive behaviours in a mainstream learning environment.     

Experiencing the outdoors: peak episodes are interesting but the memories are pleasant

Inspired by the distinction between hedonic and eudaimonic feeling states, we examined the distinction between feelings of pleasure and interest as well as subsequent motivation related to participation in outdoor events among students of physical education (n = 64) in a Norwegian university college. The students reported on their experiences during two three-day trips: one coastal trip and one ski trip. The participants also reported how they felt about the trips after one week and after one month. The feelings of pleasure and interest were contrasted by analysing mean scores, factor loadings and regression coefficients. Momentary experiences typically showed higher scores for feelings of interest than for feelings of pleasure, but there were some exceptions. The interest-higher-than-pleasure tendency tended to disappear for remembered experiences. The results support the notion that pleasure and interest are separable emotions with distinct functions, but our findings are far from conclusive. Implications for outdoor leadership and future research are discussed.     

“大”称考

在北方方言区里,“大”或“大大”曾经是一个普遍的亲属称谓。文章从音、义两方面来考察“大”称得名的原因,并以中原官话郑曹片长葛方言为参考点来预测“大”称在将来的发展趋势。     

Monsters,magic and Mr Psycho: a biocultural approach to rough and tumble play in the early years of primary school

This paper focuses upon the developmental role of rough and tumble (R&T) play with particular attention to the narratives that children use to underpin such activities. A review of the literature suggests that current early years research and practice pays scant attention to children's outdoor free play activities. A piece of original research is described in which playtime activities were ethnographically observed over an 18‐month period. A biocultural approach was used in the analysis of data, in an attempt to encompass the roles of biology, evolution and culture in human development. Findings indicate that the narratives underpinning R&T play were socially complex and highly gendered, and it is suggested that much developmental learning may occur within such free play activities.     

关于函数族Px,n中函数P（z ）的一个估值公式

具有正实部的解析函数，在研究某些特殊单叶函数时作用很大，这里给出它的一个推广定义及一个重要的估值公式。     

非线性三阶两点奇异边值问题的正解

本文利用Krasnosel′skiis不动点定理讨论了下面的三阶两点奇异边值问题u(t) λa(t)f(t,u(t))=0,00为参数。     

从同源词的孳乳看词源意义的运动

从认知和心理的角度,按照相似联想、对比联想和接近联想对同源词孳乳的不同作用,描述同源词孳乳的动态过程,从中观察词源意义的运动,总结出同源词孳乳过程中三种词源意义的运动形式。     

Toward a systematic framework for research on dominant designs, technological innovations, and industrial change

The concept of a dominant design has taken on a quasi-paradigmatic status in analyses of the link between technological and industrial dynamics. A review of the empirical literature reveals a variety of interpretations about some aspects of the phenomenon such as its underlying causal mechanisms and its level of analysis. To stimulate further progress in empirical research on dominant designs, we advocate a standardization of terminology by conceptualizing products as complex artifacts that evolve in the form of a nested hierarchy of technology cycles. Such a nested complex system perspective provides both unambiguous definitions of dominant designs (stable core components that can be stable interfaces) and inclusion of multiple levels of analysis (system, subsystems, components). We introduce the concept of an operational principle and offer a systematic definition of core and peripheral subsystems based on the concept of pleiotropy. We also discuss how the proposed terminological standardization can stimulate cumulative research on dominant designs.     

"政务服务中心"的积极作用与局限性

“政务服务中心”在近期具有一定的积极作用,但其局限性也是明显的,应有清晰的认识。切忌当作“形象工程”一哄而上,否则易劳民伤财。