Coping strategies for adaptation to new teacher appointments: Intervention for retention

Findings are presented from a qualitative longitudinal collective case study of 29 teachers newly appointed to rural or remote schools in Western Australia. All participants experienced stress and articulated coping strategies in response: direct-action, palliative and avoidant strategies. Where protective structures and processes existed in environments, teachers employed direct-action problem-solving strategies. Avoidant strategies were more common in young and mature-aged novices, rather than experienced teachers.Three critical times were identified to support adaptation: first weeks of appointment for information, first semester for assistance, support, feedback for development of competence and three months before the year-end for stability and certainty.     

Longitudinal analysis of Chinese high school student’s stress in school and academic achievement

In previous research, few studies have examined the effects of adolescents’ stress in school on the change rates of their academic achievement. In the present study, we seek to examine the longitudinal relationships between adolescents’ stress in school and the change rates of their academic achievement. The results indicated that for those whose academic achievement significantly declined over time, the students’ stress from teacher–student interaction significantly predicted the change rates of their academic achievement. The findings provided support to the notion that stress was a risk factor in students’ academic development.     

连续大强度比赛对女子曲棍球运动员脑内神经递质的影响

目的:分析全运会决赛前后女子曲棍球运动员脑内神经递质的变化情况,研究连续大强度比赛对运动员神经中枢的影响。方法:在第11届全运会决赛期间,使用高级运动训练状态监控仪采集9名中国某省女子曲棍球运动员的脑电信号,并对比赛前后脑内神经递质浓度进行比较分析。结果:全运会决赛后,5-HT/DA比值升高,可能导致运动员的注意力下降,引发中枢疲劳;NE减少,可能使运动员的心理应激水平下降,赛前焦虑有所缓解;Ach增加、Glu/GABA比值升高,可能与运动员的学习和记忆能力增强有关。     

有氧训练对高温环境下运动大鼠免疫机能及抗氧化能力的影响

目的：探讨有氧训练对机体运动热应激下免疫机能与自由基代谢的影响及其可能机制。方法：健康雄性sD大鼠51只,随机选取45只分为对照组（A组）、热应激组（B组）、6周有氧训练组（c组）、1次有氧运动加热应激组（D组）与6周有氧训练末次加热应激组（E组）,其余6只用-P＊L酸阈强度的测定。各组实验后取血清测定IL-2、SOD、MDA水平。结果：（1）B、D、E组经高温暴露后,大鼠肛温迅速升至39．65±0．250C、41．02±0．140C与39．97±0．290C,均表现出呼吸急促、流汗、烦躁不安等,为典型的热应激症候。（2）B组血清IL-2、SOD、SOD／MDA均显著低于A组,MDA高于A组;D组血清IL-2、SOD、SOD／MDA均显著低于A组（P〈0．01）与B组（P〈0．05）,MDA显著高于A组（P〈0．01）与B组（P〈0．05）。（3）c组血清IL-2、SOD（P〈0．05）、SOD／MDA（P〈0．05）高于A组,MDA显著低于A组;E组血清IL-2、SOD（P〈0．05）、SOD／MDA（P〈0．05）均高于D组,MDA显著低于D组。结论：运动热应激可导致自由基生成增多,加重组织细胞膜结构与功能的损害,导致温度调节的信号通路中断,体温失衡,可能通过调节神经-内分泌-免疫系统,抑制IL-2的分泌。IL-2可作为评价机体运动热应激下免疫机能变化的重要指标。有氧训练可拮抗运动热应激对免疫系统的损害。     

一维准晶体Ⅲ型切口的应力与位移

为研究一维准晶的V型切口裂纹问题,采用解析函数方法将一维准晶的基本方程转化为极坐标形式;由切口面边界条件得出Ⅲ型切口问题的本征方程,求出声子场和相位子场的应力和位移渐进解;引入应力强度因子,计算切口尖端处的J积分.计算结果表明,声子场和相位子场通过本构方程耦合,切口尖端处声子场和相位子场位移也具有耦合性;Laue类5,7和9的位移分布与Laue类8不同,也与一般材料不同,但J积分仍具有相同形式;当切口变为裂纹时,J积分给出能量释放率.     

新时期图书馆员压力管理初探

分析了新时期图书馆员的压力现状及其产生的原因,论述了图书馆员压力管理的措施。     

Myeloperoxidase in Chronic Kidney Disease

Numerous lines of evidence implicate a role of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is a well accepted fact that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at an increased risk for CVD. MPO is a pro-oxidant enzyme which could be involved in the increased susceptibility of these patients to CVD. Hence, the levels of plasma MPO was determined in healthy controls as well as in patients with CKD [stratified with the level of their kidney failure as CKD stages II–V (end stage renal disease)]. Plasma MPO was assayed by a spectrophotometric method. Serum urea and creatinine were estimated on a clinical chemistry analyzer using standard laboratory procedures. The mean plasma MPO levels were significantly lower with advancing stages of renal failure (P < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between MPO and GFR (r = +0.89, P < 0.001) and a negative correlation with urea (r = −0.85, P < 0.001) and creatinine (r = −0.82, P < 0.001). While an inverse association was observed between plasma MPO and urea in CKD patients, such an association was not observed in control subjects (P = 0.43). In conclusion, the decline in plasma MPO levels may be due to the inhibitory effect of uraemic toxins on the enzyme.     

浅谈高职院校学生干部的心理建设

本文以高职院校学生干部作为研究对象,通过对学生干部的心理压力现状分析、心理需求分析,提出解决高职院校学生干部心理问题的对策。     

抗阻训练对D-半乳糖衰老模型大鼠骨骼肌线粒体膜的影响

目的观察D-半乳糖致衰老大鼠骨骼肌线粒体膜生物学特性和功能的影响,探讨抗阻练习延缓衰老的机理。方法 32只大鼠随机分为对照组(C),运动组(T)、D-半乳糖衰老组(D)、D-半乳糖衰老加运动组(DT),每组8只。检测线粒体膜PTP开放程度、膜电位、膜脂质过氧化水平及线粒体相关酶活性。结果注射D-半乳糖导致线粒体膜PTP开放、膜电位降低、膜脂质过氧化物生成增多及线粒体呼吸链酶活性受损,而抗阻练习在一定程度上可缓解这些现象的发生。结论负重爬梯运动训练作为一种新的抗阻运动模型,可通过降低线粒体的氧化损伤,有效保护线粒体膜的稳定性。     

Association of Oxidative Stress with Disease Activity and Damage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Cross Sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Centre in Southern India

To study oxidative stress in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by estimating serum oxidised LDL (OxLDL), 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total anti-oxidant status and to correlate with SLE disease activity and disease damage. Eighty SLE patients satisfying the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC/ACR) 2012 criteria and 80 healthy controls were studied. Exclusion criteria were infections, renal insufficiency, other connective tissue diseases, drug-induced lupus, smoking, alcohol consumption. Disease activity was measured by SLE disease activity index-2 K (SLEDAI), disease damage was quantified by SLICC-Damage Index (SDI). Sera was tested for OxLDL, 8-OHdG, and total antioxidant status (TAS) by double-antibody sandwich ELISA; MDA measured by Colorimetric assay. Oxidative stress markers were compared between group1- controls, group 2-mildly active SLE (SLEDAI ≤ 5), group 3- moderate to highly active SLE (SLEDAI ≥ 6). SLE patients had significantly higher MDA, 8-OHdG and lower TAS when compared to healthy controls, while OxLDL was similar in the three groups. MDA, 8-OHdG were significantly higher, TAS lower in group 3 compared to group 2. MDA had positive correlation with SLEDAI, TAS negatively correlated with SLEDAI. SLE with neuropsychiatric manifestations, vasculitis, anti-sdDNA antibodies had higher MDA, MDA/TAS ratio. SLE patients with thrombocytopenia, and vasculitis had higher OxLDL. Only OxLDL was significantly higher in those patients who have SDI > 1. SLE patients have increased oxidative stress measured by increases in MDA, 8-OHdG, and lower total antioxidant status that was associated with disease activity and some disease manifestations. However only OxLDL was associated with damage.