中国式英语与英语教学

本文认为中国式英语是中国学生在学习英语中普遍存在的一种客观现象,并介绍了中国式英语的本 质、类型和存在方式,提出了在教学和学习中克服的办法,避免或减少其在实际应用中出现。     

“无错不成报”溯源——以《新京报》为例

每天看报,只要稍稍留心,就发现差错不断。所以民间有＂无错不成报＂之说。本文以《新京报》的天天＂更正与说明＂为样本,分析差错产生的原因,并以我国的著名报刊出版家邹韬奋先生和美国的媒体纠错机制为例,旨在抛砖引玉,让我们的报纸及其它媒体差错少些少些再少些。     

英语背景留学生的汉语比字句使用偏误分析

比字句在比较句中使用频率最高,句式结构及语用方法相对复杂,在比较句的对外汉语教学中,既是重点,也是难点。英语背景留学生使用“比”字句的偏误主要表现在两个方面:第一,比字句结构要素之间的位置关系次序失当;第二,结果项的构成成分失当。造成偏误的主要原因:一是母语的负迁移,二是目的语规则泛化。     

略论撒切尔夫人的外交策略

撒切尔政府执政的11年（1979—1990）,是英国战后历史的一个重要时期。二战后英国国力衰落更加明显,这是无法挽回的。然而,在那样的历史条件下表现出的外交策略的连贯性和相当程度的新鲜感,则是撒切尔政府的一大特色。在外交方面,撒切尔采取务实、强硬、灵活的外交政策。为英国谋取最大利益,重振英国的大国地位是她的外交宗旨。这也突出地体现在撒切尔政府在对美、对苏、对欧和对殖民地的几个主要方面的外交策略上。     

大学生英语写作中的常见错误分析及对策

大学生在英语写作中常会犯错,主要表现在词汇、句法、语篇三个方面。其主要原因是学生受中式思维的影响,学习方法过于机械,教师批改不够细致等。因此,必须有针对性地采取相应的策略。     

开封旅游景区公示语汉英翻译失误分析及规范

该文是对开封旅游景区公示语翻译现状的调查研究。笔者在旅游景点收集了第一手资料,从语言性翻译失误和语用失误两个方面,按照所存在问题做了详细的分析和归纳,并提出相应的的建议,以期规范开封旅游景区公示语汉英翻译。     

Corpus Analysis of the Various Errors Made by the Student

The software Wordsmith has been commonly used in corpus linguistics.In this paper,the author used the tool of Concord in Wordsmith to analyze various errors made by a student.Five passages made by the students are used.After annotating on the errors,the author uses Concord to sort out each error maker and made classification chart of the errors.All the errors are classified into two categories:errors caused by carelessness and by language ability.After analyzing,there are mainly three kinds of errors and in the first category and five kinds of errors in the second category.     

基于半参数回归分析法的隧洞变形量计算模型

通过补充随时间连续变化的系统误差分量来分析该误差对变形量计算的影响,运用非线性方法建立了隧洞变形量计算模型.基于实测数据,采用多种方法对隧洞变形监测过程和模型产生的厘米级系统误差进行了消除,提高了现场量测结果的精度.计算结果表明,阻尼最小二乘法、卡尔曼滤波法和半参数回归分析法三种误差消除方法都能满足工程需要,其中半参数回归分析法对隧洞变形的计算结果与实际最为接近,对工程设计具有指导意义.     

Structural Equation Modeling With Unknown Population Distributions: Ridge Generalized Least Squares

This article proposes 2 classes of ridge generalized least squares (GLS) procedures for structural equation modeling (SEM) with unknown population distributions. The weight matrix for the first class of ridge GLS is obtained by combining the sample fourth-order moment matrix with the identity matrix. The weight matrix for the second class is obtained by combining the sample fourth-order moment matrix with its diagonal matrix. Empirical results indicate that, with data from an unknown population distribution, parameter estimates by ridge GLS can be much more accurate than those by either GLS or normal-distribution-based maximum likelihood; and standard errors of the parameter estimates also become more accurate in predicting the empirical ones. Rescaled and adjusted statistics are proposed for overall model evaluation, and they also perform much better than the default statistic following from the GLS method. The use of the ridge GLS procedures is illustrated with a real data set.     

Psychometric Properties of IRT Proficiency Estimates

Psychometric properties of item response theory proficiency estimates are considered in this paper. Proficiency estimators based on summed scores and pattern scores include non-Bayes maximum likelihood and test characteristic curve estimators and Bayesian estimators. The psychometric properties investigated include reliability, conditional standard errors of measurement, and score distributions. Four real-data examples include (a) effects of choice of estimator on score distributions and percent proficient, (b) effects of the prior distribution on score distributions and percent proficient, (c) effects of test length on score distributions and percent proficient, and (d) effects of proficiency estimator on growth-related statistics for a vertical scale. The examples illustrate that the choice of estimator influences score distributions and the assignment of examinee to proficiency levels. In particular, for the examples studied, the choice of Bayes versus non-Bayes estimators had a more serious practical effect than the choice of summed versus pattern scoring.