政策企业家推动我国基础研究政策变迁的途径与策略分析

基于我国基础研究政策的实践,结合典型案例,分析政策企业家推动我国基础研究政策变迁的策略和途径。研究结果表明,政策企业家通过创新政策观念、界定和建构政策问题、推动政策议程建立、评估政策执行过程和效果等途径,积极促进基础研究政策变迁。政策企业家在推进基础研究政策变迁时主要采取借助个人的优势资源、率先进行政策试点、向权力部门提交议案、直接致信政府决策层以及借助公众舆论压力等多种策略。     

基于公-私部门互动机制的丹麦国家创新体系

以丹麦公共部门和私有部门间的合作机制和相关制度安排为切入点,分别从其国家创新体系的主体、制度建设和创新主体间的互动方式入手,对其国家创新体系的结构和特点进行介绍和分析,以期为中国的创新体系完善带来一定启示。     

民办非企类新型研发机构的现实困境与构建方略——基于三元循环悖论的视角

从民办非企新型研发机构的功能定位和管理模式入手,分析当前机构的发展优势和劣势,系统地剖析"民办官助"新型研发机构的"三元循环悖论"的作用机制,提出在政府和机构两个层面的构建方略,以期实现机构、市场与社会的三维协同发展,提出促进其创新发展的意见。     

Competing by investments or efficiency? Exploring financial and sporting efficiency of club ownership structures in European football

Professional European football clubs have been hypothesized to maximize sporting or financial objectives. The authors analyze the impact of various ownership structures on the realized management efficiency in maximizing profitability and national sporting success. Therefore, they apply the time-varying stochastic frontier model by Battese & Coelli (1995) to an unbalanced panel from England and France between 2006 and 2012. French professional football is characterized by a shift towards private investors. Results show that clubs majority-owned by private investors are less efficient than other clubs in French Ligue 1. In English professional football, the majority of takeovers is pursued by foreign investors. Although previous researchers have shown that foreign investors increase financial resources and team investments, the authors demonstrate that foreign investors reduce both financial and sporting efficiency. The analysis of survival and financial team efficiencies of club ownership structures indicates that clubs tend to compete by investments rather than efficiency.     

RBAC访问控制模型中私有权限问题的研究

角色的私有权问题一直是RBAC中没有解决的问题。在分析现有的私有权解决方案的基础上,针对当前提出的几种解决方法的不足,提出了一种较好的改进方法解决该问题。在角色继承中引入传播深度的基础上提出设置虚节点的方法增加了其灵活性。为了能够适应于在复杂的角色层次关系,提出了将角色层次关系图转换成树的方法,解决了其不能在图中应用的局限。     

民营企业家的代际传承与区域教育现代化的策略调整——基于浙商的分析

民营企业家的代际传承是一大民生问题。浙商大多选择"子承父业"的继承模式。从已有经验看,企业接班人培养的前期计划是"接受良好的教育",其教育路径是:国内大学本科毕业——出国留学完成研究生教育或在国内研究生毕业后出国作短期研究——回国进企业。他们对子女教育的观念与计划,给区域教育现代化提出了策略调整的要求,即要以人的素质提高为旨归,部分调整学校培养目标、课程结构,大力发展农村教育和民办教育,提高区域教育国际化水平。     

Children's self-talk in naturalistic classroom settings in middle childhood: A systematic literature review

Children's self-talk, also known as inner speech, is an adaptive tool for regulating learning and managing the social demands of classrooms. This systematic literature review identified and analysed the existing research on children's self-talk in naturalistic classroom settings in middle childhood. Twenty-four empirical studies on naturalistic self-talk in classrooms met the inclusion criteria and were quality rated. The study methods were varied, and included reflective techniques (e.g., questionnaires, journals, and thought listing) and momentary techniques (e.g., experience sampling method, think alouds). The studies were mainly grounded in sociocultural theory or metacognition. Generally, studies found that self-talk functioned to help children to regulate task engagement and cope with social challenges. Self-talk was also highly malleable: it was moderated across studies by internal and external factors including age, gender, ability, creativity, anxiety, and interactions with teachers and classmates. Suggestions for theory, methodology, and practice are discussed.