我国走出去战略存在的问题与对策建议

章从微观与宏观两个层次,分析了实施“走出去”战略中,我国企业在管理观念、投资规模、经营行为、市场调研、管理机制、产品与技术等方面存在诸多问题,政府在管理体制、扶持与保护措施等方面存在诸多问题。章针对以上问题,相应地从微观和宏观两方面提出了对策建议：政府和企业应进一步澄清思想,深刻理解“走出去”的重要性和迫切性;企业要练好内功．同时要注意讲究“走出去”的技巧;政府要加强管理,为企业“走出去”开拓“绿色通道”。     

江西省中小企业创新服务体系建设

随着市场经济的快速发展,中小企业已经成为了江西省经济建设的中坚力量。本文根据江西省中小企业创新服务体系建设情况,对过去的经验和做法进行了系统总结,并分析了目前主要存在的问题,提出了对未来建设的展望。     

Effects of worked examples, example-problem, and problem-example pairs on novices’ learning

Research has demonstrated that instruction that relies more heavily on example study is more effective for novices’ learning than instruction consisting of problem solving. However, ‘a heavier reliance on example study’ has been implemented in different ways. For example, worked examples only (WE), example-problem pairs (WE-PS), or problem-example pairs (PS-WE) have been used. This study investigated the effectiveness of all three strategies compared to problem solving only (PS), using electrical circuits troubleshooting tasks; participants were secondary education students who were novices concerning those tasks. Based on prior research, it was hypothesized and confirmed that WE and WE-PS would lead to lower cognitive load during learning and higher learning outcomes than PS. In addition, the open questions of whether there would be any differences between WE and WE-PS, and whether there would be any differences between PS-WE and PS were explored. Results showed no differences between WE and WE-PS or between PS-WE and PS. This study can inform instructional designers on which example-based learning strategies to implement: it does not seem necessary to alternate example study and problem solving, but when doing so, example-problem pairs should be used rather than problem-example pairs.     

未成年人禁烟的中国立法改进

未成年人吸烟已成为当今世界最严重的社会问题之一。针对立法上如何控制未成年人吸烟问题进行论述。首先分析了未成年人的吸烟行为,然后阐述了未成年人禁烟立法的必要性和可行性,最后基于目前我国立法现状的不足之处,在借鉴国内外经验的基础上提出一些立法修改和新的立法活动的建议。     

Learning to Troubleshoot: A New Theory-Based Design Architecture

Troubleshooting is a common form of problem solving. Technicians (e.g., automotive mechanics, electricians) and professionals (physician, therapists, ombudspersons) diagnose faulty systems and take direct, corrective action to eliminate any faults in order to return the systems to their normal states. Traditional approaches to troubleshooting instruction have emphasized either theoretical or domain knowledge about the system or specific troubleshooting procedures. These methods have failed to develop transferable troubleshooting skills in learners. In this article, we propose an architecture for designing learning environments for troubleshooting. The architecture integrates experiential, domain, and device knowledge in a learning system that enables learners to generate and test hypotheses for every action they take, relate every action to a conceptual model of the system, and query experienced troubleshooters about what they would do. The architecture includes three essential components: A multi-layered conceptual model of the system that includes topographic, function, strategic, and procedural representations; a simulator that requires the learner to generate hypotheses, reconcile the hypotheses to the system mode, test the hypotheses, and interpret the results from the test; and a case library that uses a case-based reasoning engine to access relevant stories of troubleshooting experiences as advice for the learner. This novel architecture can be used to develop learning environments for different kinds of troubleshooting.     

试谈业余游泳队基础训练中存在问题

现今大多业余游泳队存在着比较多的训练问题,未能很好地认识基础训练的重要性,训练计划不够合理,训练方法上也存在着比较多的问题,因此导致训练中不能很好的让队员掌握好基本技术,队员水感差,身体素质也差,训练积极性不高,训练效果不好。文章主要通过个人在带队中的经历和多年的训练与实践,对业余游泳队基础训练的问题进行讨论并提出建议。     

浅论小学生人格型课堂问题行为

班级由固定人数组成,有集体的地方就有纪律,好的课堂纪律对课堂的影响是毋庸置疑的。但是每个学生都是独立的个体,在课堂上会有不同的表现,那些妨碍课堂的行为,我们称之为课堂问题行为。笔者通过观察学生的课堂行为表现以及与周围的学生和老师进行交流,探索这类问题行为产生的原因,并且尝试从个人、家庭以及学校方面对此类问题行为给出建议,希望能对今后广大教师在遇到此类情况时有所帮助。     

公务员考试中的削弱题型分析

公务员考试是一种能力考试,不是简单的知识积累而是知识的灵活应用,而公务员考试中逻辑判断的一部分——削弱题型就反映了一些公务员考试的特点。