英国的历史工场运动

20世纪60年代晚期开始的历史工场运动是以英国马克思主义史学家拉斐尔·萨缪尔为首的牛津大学腊斯金学院的师生所发起的史学民主化运动,它吸引了广大的民众参与,对打破历史学家对历史知识的垄断,在民众中普及历史知识起到十分重要的作用。     

Sequential assessment of engineering design projects at university level

Seven years of industrial experience followed by 30 years of academic research and teaching in structural engineering have led the author to believe that the prime objective of a university design course is not the design project itself but to train students to solve problems, as this will last them throughout their careers. It is shown how design projects can be formulated for the purpose of encouraging students to develop their problem-solving abilities. More importantly, a sequential assessment technique has been developed to quantify the students’ ability to both think and learn as well as the students’ grasp of the fundamental principles, all of which are required in problem-solving.     

面向保障方案评价的综合研讨厅

本文分析了保障方案内涵及保障方案评价的现状,提出建立面向保障方案评价的综合研讨厅,以解决保障方案评价问题,并对面向保障方案评价的综合研讨厅进行了总体设计,确立了其用户、功能模块及体系结构.     

工作坊模式在英语专业翻译课堂教学中的应用

针对翻译课堂教学的现实情况,分析作为现代教育模式的工作坊（WORKSHOP）模式的操作特点,将工作坊模式引入翻译课堂教学,描绘出＂工作坊翻译课堂模式＂,为翻译课堂教学探寻出一个生动的集＂实践、教学、研究＂于一体的课堂教学模式;详细地提出了工作坊翻译课堂的主要组织形式,为翻译课堂提供了具体可行的操作策略和方法,能在很大程度上有效地解决翻译课堂的关键性问题。     

How does the “PACE Maths” approach impact on the practice of school staff?

Mathematical skills are essential for young people to attain academic results needed for further study and employment. Recent changes to the English National Curriculum have put an increased emphasis on pupils explaining the reasoning behind answers in maths. This is a skill that can be developed by improving metacognitive skills. The authors report on an in-class programme for small group work, based on prior studies that utilised metacognition to support maths. An evaluation was conducted including a focus group interview and observation, modelling and feedback sessions over approximately 10 weeks. Results from interview analysis showed a positive impact both on staff practice and pupils’ independent problem solving. Adaptations based on research findings were made to the programme and handbook. This programme represents a flexible, inclusive and low resource option for schools to address new challenges posed by the National Curriculum in times of budget cuts and increased time pressure.     

某医药企业洁净厂房的电气消防设计

本文以实际工程为研究对象,依据《建筑设计防火规范》、《火灾自动报警系统设计规范》等相关规范,从医药工业洁净厂房的特点入手,重点针对消防供配电系统、火灾探测器和手动报警按钮的布置以及消防设备的联动控制进行了设计。     

一种提升学生问题解决能力的问题支架应用框架——基于翻转课堂的实证研究

解决复杂情境中的问题是21世纪人才应具备的重要能力。翻转课堂作为一种聚焦问题解决的学习模式离不开有效的问题支架,但应用何种类型的问题支架以及如何应用问题支架仍有待进一步研究。在此背景下,通过文献述评、课堂观察、案例分析,借鉴问题支架认知分类观以及问题解决过程四阶段观点,构建了面向翻转课堂的课前“过程提示—细化提示—反思提示”问题支架、课中“问题表征—方案制订—方案分析—监控评价”问题支架以及课后混合的问题支架应用框架,并在小学三年级的信息技术课堂中开展准实验研究,分别从学习成绩、问题解决能力、学习态度三个方面进行了效果检验。结果显示:相对于控制组,实验组学生在学习成绩和问题解决能力表现方面较为优异,并且差异显著,实验组学生对使用问题支架持有积极的态度。     

问题解决研究的一个世纪:回顾与前瞻

本文首先分析了问题解决的含义以及研究的重要性 ,然后重点梳理了过去一个世纪 ,特别是最近五十年里认知心理学关于问题解决研究的历史脉络 ,最后展望了今后的研究方向。笔者认为问题解决研究应该建立在信息加工与建构主义思想整合的基础上 ,坚持主客体相互作用观 ,把问题解决既看作信息加工过程 ,又视为知识建构过程 ,继续深入研究。