“秘书”的发展演变

“秘书”的发展演变经历了四个阶段,基于语料库和数据定量分析,从上古时期出现到唐宋以前,发展相对成熟,唐宋时期经历了繁荣阶段,大量出现于文献中,元明清时期已独立使用,至今已成为现代汉语的一个常用词。其词义已由上古时期的“香草”义演变为“记录祭祀情况的官员”,由此引申为“罕见的秘密的典籍”,后又引申为“掌管典籍的官员”,历经了指人→指物→指人的过程。其演变根源主要是社会官职制度的变化导致其职务性质内涵的演变,也有语言文字自身的发展而导致的变化。     

探析心理学整合的一种可能路径: 基于“质”与“量”对峙的思考

心理学研究方法中“质”与“量”的分歧由来已久。纵观现代西方心理学的百年发展史,各学派之间的对峙表现在研究方法上正是“质”与“量”对峙的结果。在心理学研究中,使用“质”与“量”的研究方法对人复杂的心理活动规律进行探究各有优势和缺陷。我们认为在心理学的研究中,应该采用多元方法将质和量的方法进行融合,使之可以优势互补,从而更加有效地揭示人的心理活动规律。同时,我们认为这也是未来心理学整合的一种可能路径。     

职业院校《食品营养与卫生》课程改革的探索

根据职业院校学生的就业趋势,针对《食品营养与卫生》课程教学中存在的问题,笔者从教学内容、教学方法、实践教学环节及考核方式等方面进行了探索,旨在进一步提高本课程的教学质量和水平。     

建筑设计基础课程教学改革浅析

鉴于建筑设计基础课程在建筑学学科中的重要意义,对地方性大学的建筑设计基础课程面临的问题进行了分析。借鉴当前国内其他高校的成功经验,从教学思路、教学内容和教学方法三个方面入手,对该课程的教学改革进行了探讨和尝试。转变教学理念,整合教学内容,更新教学方法,展开技能训练、思维训练和知识积累"三位一体"的教学环节实施。并且对未来改革重点提出见解。     

医科大学临床病理专业教学改革的探索与实践

实施教学改革是培养高素质临床诊断病理学人才的关键。教学改革必须以提高学生的临床思维能力,培养分析问题和解决问题的综合素质为根本。本研究围绕临床诊断病理学的特点和规律,通过课程目标设计和教学方法多样化的改革,创新临床诊断病理学教学模式,为医学人才培养和课程体系改革提供有益探索。     

高校逻辑学教学改革探析

逻辑学传入中国至今,取得了长足的发展,但也面临着一些困境。逻辑学教学改革主要应该从逻辑学教学的课程内容、逻辑学的人才培养、逻辑学教学方法、逻辑学的科研创新等几个方面着手。逻辑学是一门基础性、工具性学科,在培养人的理性思维、创新思维能力等方面具有重要的作用,应该受到教育主管部门和高校的高度重视。     

Cronbach's Alpha Versus Components of Variance Approach (COVA): Dispelling Three Myths about Alpha and Suggesting an Alternative Reliability Statistic for Communication Trait Research

This study examined the effects of sociocultural factors and perceptions of mental illness on preferences for indirect disclosure. We surveyed 354 college students from China and the U.S. The results indicated that (a) males and members of the collectivistic culture reported more stigmatized attitudes; (b) stigma endorsement was positively associated with preferences for indirectness; and (c) males, members of the collectivistic culture, and individuals without previous interpersonal contact with someone with a mental illness were more likely to recommend an indirect disclosure strategy. The findings demonstrate the importance of considering how sociocultural factors can affect individuals’ preferences for disclosing stigmatized identities.     

Parental Self-efficacy and Sensitivity During Playtime Interactions with Young Children: Unpacking the Curvilinear Association

Although scholars and service providers typically assume that parental self-efficacy (PSE) facilitates sensitive parenting, this study finds that the association between PSE and observer ratings of parents' sensitivity during free play actually is curvilinear. Parents (33 mothers, 5 fathers) from an intergenerational learning program serving low-income families completed the Self-Efficacy for Parenting Tasks Index and were videotaped during a 15-minute play period with their infant/toddler at program entry. Parents' self-reported PSE is positively, albeit weakly, associated with observer ratings of parental sensitivity from low to moderate levels of self-efficacy but inversely associated with sensitivity from moderate to high self-efficacy. Qualitative analyses show that mothers who report high PSE but are rated as low in sensitivity introduce toys when their child is already engaged, restrict their child's access to toys, physically manipulate their child, and violate their child's proximal space. Parenting education programs need to develop strategies for reaching parents who enter with high levels of confidence but lack knowledge of competent parenting practices.     

农业科技论文中“材料与方法”的审编

综合多年来的编校工作经验,对农业科技论文"材料与方法"部分出现的细节性问题进行了研究,从研究区概况、取样和测定方法、数据统计分析方法等几方面进行总结分析,并提出了提高编辑自身学术素质、保持学术质疑态度、注意总结规律和经验等措施。     

Service ‘CUIDE'‐‐Coopération Universitaire pour l'Information et la Documentation des Enseignants

The ongoing reform in science education in many countries, including Israel, has attainment of scientific literacy for all as one of its main goals. In this context, it is important to provide teachers with the opportunity to construct meaning for the term science literacy and by doing so to obtain a clear understanding of the new teaching goals. Here we report on a study in which teachers, as part of their professional development, were involved in defining the term ‘chemical literacy’; they discussed the need for it, and suggested educational experiences that are necessary in order to attain it. The programme was conducted as part of a reform in the content, as well as in the pedagogy, of chemistry education in Israel. The collected data provide some insights regarding the process by which the teachers’ perception of ‘chemical literacy’ developed and the way actual school practice influences teachers’ perception of ‘chemical literacy’.