罪刑法定原则的边界——以英美法中“Marital Rape Exemption”的废除为例

罪刑法定作为一项基本人权已经获得了世界上绝大多数国家的承认。传统观点将罪刑法定原则视为不可克减并具有绝对优越性的"铁则",会导致罪刑法定原则被架空。罪刑法定原则的局限性表现在一系列"反罪刑法定主义"的判例当中。欧洲人权法院在废除婚内强奸除罪事由的判例中,重新划定了罪刑法定原则的边界。这种提倡存在边界的罪刑法定主义的做法,对我国罪刑法定原则的司法化具有特别的借鉴意义。     

“Girls are not free”—In and out of the South African school

Interviews conducted with township girls in South Africa show enduring experiences of sexual violence both in and out of the school. Fear of boys and men were articulated in relation to boyfriends, male teachers, men in the township neighbourhood and men in the home. While the girls attempted to exercise agency in arresting their fears, these appeared to be too limited in the context of great structural and social inequalities and the pervasiveness of gender norms through which male sexual violence is asserted. The implication for increasing girls’ exercise of agency is raised as a human rights issue.     

The Relationship Between Counseling Self-Efficacy and Communication Skills of Volunteer Rape Crisis Advocates

This research examines the relationships between communication competence, communication anxiety, and five subdimensions of counseling self-efficacy. The sample consists of volunteers trained at two rape crisis centers (n = 63) over a one-year period. As hypothesized, communication anxiety was negatively related and communication competence positively related to the subdimensions of counseling self-efficacy. Results suggest that training programs need to be aware of how personality characteristics may affect a volunteer's ability to become an efficacious counselor. Implications for how rape crisis centers can integrate these communication issues into their training programs and improve the self-efficacy of their advocates are discussed.     

几种抗氧化剂对菜籽油的抗氧化效果的研究

采用烘箱贮藏法 ,以菜籽油为底物 ,测定了几种抗氧化剂的抗氧化活性 ,结果显示 ,植酸有很强的抗氧化活性 ,略优于丁基羟基茴香醚 (BHA) ,但明显优于乙氧基喹啉 (EQ)。     

When war is better than peace: The post-conflict realities of children born of wartime rape in northern Uganda

This paper examines the realities and perspectives of a sample of 60 children born of wartime rape within the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), and currently living in northern Uganda. These children were born to mothers who were abducted by the LRA, held captive for extended periods of time, repeatedly raped and impregnated. The paper explores the multiple challenges that these children face in the post-war period including, rejection, stigma, violence, socio-economic marginalization, and issues of identity and belonging. Participants underscored the profound violence and deprivation that they experienced while in LRA captivity. However, because of post-war marginalization, participants individually and collectively articulated that wartime was better than peacetime. Multiple systems of support are needed to ensure the rights and protection of these children and importantly, to address and reverse young people’s perceptions that “war is better than peace”.     

论嫖宿幼女罪废除的必要性

嫖宿幼女罪,从理论上看,严重冲击中国传统文化,违背了国人的道德底线,侵害了幼女的合法权益,违反了刑法的基本原则.从立法上看,嫖宿幼女罪与强奸罪客观要件存在着完全或部分重合,客观上赋予了幼女的性自由权,与民法规定相悖.从刑法上看,量刑与罪行相应的刑法原则相背离,司法实践中极易放纵犯罪分子.正确的做法是废除嫖宿幼女罪,嫖宿幼女的行为以强奸罪论处,从而在刑法上给幼女身心健康以最大的保护.     

Rape Trauma Syndrome

When the topic of sexual assault is presented in high school and college health courses, it is mostly from a prevention perspective. Rarely do such courses include the mental and emotional health issues suffered by the rape survivor. Knowledge about rape trauma syndrome helps significant people in the victim's life understand the full range of reactions to the traumatic experience of rape. This lesson describes survivors’ behaviors and reactions after a rape, otherwise known as rape trauma syndrome. Included in this lesson is the federal definition of rape, a summary of rape trauma syndrome, lyrics to a song with relevant applications to the phases of rape trauma syndrome, and a rubric for grading a reaction paper related to the lesson. Three National Health Education Standards are addressed via the lesson as well.     

不同摘薹高度对优质油菜产量和效益的影响

在大田栽培条件下,选用优质油菜"皖油18",以不摘薹为对照,研究了不同摘薹高度对菜薹、菜籽产量与经济效益的影响。结果表明:菜薹产量随着摘薹高度的增加而提高,菜籽产量随着摘薹高度的增加而降低,摘薹对油菜的菜薹、菜籽产量与经济效益具有较大影响,与不摘薹相比,摘薹10cm菜籽增产15%,增收菜薹2065kg/hm2,增加经济效益2790元/hm2。