采用新的支付方式 扩大我国产品出口：推荐使用O／A和备用信用证相结合的新

通过对赊销、跟单信用证、备用信用证、银行保函、国际保理服务等结算方式在国际贸易中对买卖双方产生的有利和不利影响的分析,得出结论：赊销和备用信用证相结合这一新的综合结算方式,对买卖双立都具有吸引力,在未来十年里,这种结算方式必将得到广泛的使用。     

北曲杂剧《柳毅传书》中柳毅形象“世俗化”分析

唐传奇《柳毅传》塑造了一个"豪侠刚烈、凛然正气"的柳毅形象,元代尚仲贤将其改编成《柳毅传书》。主人公柳毅豪侠的一面被削弱,演变成一个拥有世俗价值观和爱情观的人物形象。究其缘由,柳毅形象的演变主要由不同时代的审美风尚造成的,唐传奇的作者欲借小说以炫才明志,北曲杂剧的作者则需要迎合观众世俗化的接受心理。柳毅形象的变化主要是通过不同的叙事视角和语言风格而实现的。     

认识论视野下的《红字》“原罪”探讨

霍桑的小说《红字》向来被认为是17世纪英格兰地区社会现实的真实写照,它对某些社会问题进行了深入地解剖,认为＂原罪＂是当时社会问题和矛盾的根源。但是对＂原罪＂的解读,随着社会时代的变化而变化。哲学大师黑格尔从认识论的角度重新构建了＂原罪说＂。文章从此视角出发,结合小说《红字》的文本,对＂原罪＂进行了阐释。     

电流互感器负荷箱测量结果不确定度评定

文章通过实例对电流互感器负荷箱标准装置的示值误差不确定度进行了分析和评定。     

基于GPS数据的立交桥识别及层次判断算法

卫星遥感图与城市路网配准后,可用于交通仿真和车辆态势显示。现代城市路网不包含立交桥层次信息,为真实模拟车辆在立交桥的行驶效果,提出了一种基于GPS数据识别立交桥并判断其上下关系的算法。该算法首先计算线段交点来识别立交桥,其次判断上下层是否连通来区分其类型,再将GPS轨迹数据与路网匹配,通过分析GPS高度数据的变化趋势来判断立交桥层次。最后在成都市路网上对算法的有效性进行了验证,实验结果表明,路网立交桥判定快捷,上下层关系区分正确。     

大跨悬臂浇筑施工连续箱梁桥挠度控制技术

连续箱梁悬浇施工中,挠度误差积累将严重影响着后期合龙精度和成桥运营状况时的线形,在介绍马保高架桥连续箱梁悬浇施工过程的基础上,分析影响梁段挠度的主要因素及相关的控制措施,具有一定借鉴意义和推广价值。     

The effects of affective and cognitive treatment on attitude change toward ethnic minority groups

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of cognitive and affective treatments on the attitudes of white university students in Hawaii (a place where many ethnic minority groups live with little overt discrimination and where no one racial group, such as the whites, is in the majority) toward ethnic minority groups. It was hypothesized that the rank order of the groups from most favorable to least favorable in social distance and attitude for and against ethnic minority groups, would be: Affective Treatment, Cognitive Treatment, Hawaii Control, and Mainland Comparison Group. The Social Distance Scale and Prejudice and Rationality Scale were used as pretest and posttest instruments in the Fall, 1980 with 94 Brigham Young University—Hawaii Campus (BYU—HC)and30 Brigham Young University (BYU) in Utah undergraduate students. Analysis of covariance led to supporting the three hypotheses at the 0.01 significance level. It was found that the Affective Treatment Group consistently had a greater change in attitude toward ethnic minorities followed by the Cognitive, Hawaii Control, and Mainland Comparison Groups. It was concluded that the affective treatment was the most effective in changing attitudes toward ethnic minority groups.     

Pictorial organization in prose learning

Ninety undergraduates of high and low prior knowledge of geology read a difficult prose passage concerning the formation of a meander. Two groups of learners were forced to process a map-like organizer either before or after they read the passage, while a control group was provided no pictorial support. The results showed that subjects with little prior knowledge who were provided with the organizer prior to reading recalled at a level similar to that of subjects with a good deal of background knowledge. The findings were interpreted as support for the use of map-like organizers in the primary position to aid comprehension.     

Statistics in High School Science

Exploratory date analysis provides powerful numerical and graphical tools with which to summarise and interpret data. In this article the authors describe their work with students who were given the opportunity to engage in the solution of a real problem in the physics laboratory which requried statistical techniques.     

Overt and covert use of objectives of different cognitive levels

College students provided objectives along with a study passage scored significantly lower on a multiple-choice post-test than students given the same objectives plus an overt task for the content of each objective. Scores on lower level post-test questions were significantly higher than scores on higher level questions. Students did not perform better on the post-test on content for which they had been given higher level objectives than on content for which lower level objectives were provided. This finding was not in keeping with what would be predicted from learning from text studies employing inserted study questions of different levels.