Application of network meta-analysis in the field of physical activity and health promotion

Continued advancement in the field of physical activity and health promotion relies heavily on the synthesis of rigorous scientific evidence. As such, systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials have led to a better understanding of which intervention strategies are superior (i.e., produce the greatest effects) in physical activity-based health behavior change interventions. Indeed, standard meta-analytic approaches have allowed researchers in the field to synthesize relevant experimental evidence using pairwise procedures that produce reliable estimates of the homogeneity, magnitude, and potential biases in the observed effects. However, pairwise meta-analytic procedures are only capable to discerning differences in effects between a select intervention strategy and a select comparison or control condition. In order to maximize the impact of physical activity interventions on health-related outcomes, it is necessary to establish evidence concerning the comparative efficacy of all relevant physical activity intervention strategies. The development of network meta-analysis (NMA)—most commonly used in medical-based clinical trials—has allowed for the quantification of indirect comparisons, even in the absence of direct, head-to-head trials. Thus, it stands to reason that NMA can be applied in physical activity and health promotion research to identify the best intervention strategies. Given that this analysis technique is novel and largely unexplored in the field of physical activity and health promotion, care must be taken in its application to ensure reliable estimates and discernment of the effect sizes among interventions. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to comment on the potential application and importance of NMA in the field of physical activity and health promotion, describe how to properly and effectively apply this technique, and suggest important considerations for its appropriate application in this field. In this paper, overviews of the foundations of NMA and commonly used approaches for conducting NMA are provided, followed by assumptions related to NMA, opportunities and challenges in NMA, and a step-by-step example of developing and conducting an NMA.     

朱熹《观书有感》诗究竟作于何时

朱熹《观书有感》诗的写作时间究竟是哪一年,直接关系到对诗歌深刻意蕴的理解.有人认为这首诗写于 1176年,其实是虚构事实、误读历史材料的结果.因为这首诗在现代社会广泛流传,各种选本和教科书往往也予以收录,所以有必要对此进行辨证分析.     

大学英语阅读教学创新三环节

从语言学习的规律来看,英语应用能力的提高是建立在大量的语言输入尤其是大量的阅读基础之上的[1]。所以大学英语阅读教学一直被置于一个非常重要的教学地位。然而,传统的大学英语阅读教学方法已经不能适应当代大学生对英语学习的要求。随着我国加入WTO和经济改革的深入,社会对具有英语实际应用能力的非英语专业大学毕业生的需求日益增加。这就要求大学英语阅读教学不断创新,以培养出更多具有较高英语应用能力的大学毕业生。     

网络环境中学习者反思行为的向度分布研究

反思可以看作为网络学习环境下学习行为的一种高阶能力,通过网络学习环境中的学习者反思行为的研究分析对提高网络学习的效果有重要的作用。采用试验研究,通过编码分析学习交互中的反思行为数据,探究学习反思行为的向度分布。结果发现,网络学习环境下学习者的反思分布主要是在认知领域的,在行为和情感领域的反思还比较欠缺;在班级和性别上反思的分布均存在某种差异。     

网络时代的大众阅读——"网络阅读"研究综述

网络阅读是一种新型的阅读形式,它也对当今大众阅读习惯和阅读文化带来了种种影响.文章对我国近年来研究"网络阅读"这一主题的文献进行了归纳,综合了若干主流观点,对网络阅读的优劣势进行了详细阐述,同时分析了网络阅读对传统阅读的冲击,较为全面地总结了网络阅读的特点以及发展趋势.     

中小学图书馆在校园阅读活动体系中的主体作用及未来路向

中小学校园阅读活动的内容与质量,关乎全民阅读的整体质量和基础教育改革的成效。受当前我国文化与教育两类政策的影响,在围绕校园阅读活动的供给与需求的变动调整中,中小学图书馆遇到了新的价值彰显契机和发展空间。中小学图书馆在校园阅读活动体系中处于何种定位、发挥何种功能、承担何种责任、与其他参与主体的关系如何,对这些问题的研究和解答能够为中小学图书馆适应外在教育环境变化、实现内在职业使命提供参考和帮助。根据中小学图书馆所发挥的职业价值和基础教育价值,可将中小学校园阅读活动的类型划分为以培养德智体美人才而开展的活动、以实现课程教学目标而开展的活动、以提升教师专业技能和学生综合素养为目标的活动、以帮助师生提升信息素养而开展的活动等四种。中小学图书馆在校园阅读活动中的主要功能定位是全校性阅读活动的支撑者和推动者、课程学习中阅读活动的嵌入者、面向师生综合能力提升的阅读行为的引导者、师生信息素养和数字素养教育的主导者和实施者、校园内外阅读活动的协调者和沟通者。中小学图书馆在参与和推动校园阅读活动的过程中,需要根据校园阅读活动的具体类型和目标,适配相对应的角色功能。图1。表1。参考文献41。     

Should Silent Reading feature in a secondary school English programme? West Australian students' perspectives on Silent Reading

The purpose of my article is to provide an opportunity for reflection on the merit of incorporating Silent Reading into secondary learning programmes. The role of Silent Reading in the learning programme has been the subject of recent research, yielding mixed findings. I explore the current issues that have arisen in research which warrant the consideration of practitioners, with a particular focus on adolescent learners. These issues are subsequently examined in light of findings from the recent West Australian Study in Adolescent Book Reading. Qualitative data from semi‐structured, dyadic interviews were gathered and analysed, with the reflections of students providing insight into the current status of Silent Reading in secondary schools, and the efficacy of elements of contemporary models of Silent Reading.     

利用网络开展读书活动

充分利用网络开展读书活动,不但是现代图书馆履行社会职能、开展社会教育的需要,更是引领市民尽快进入数字时代、加速图书馆数字化建设、推动城市数字化进程的一种有效的、值得推广的活动形式。     

玩转阅读--高校大学生阅读现状及其对策

随着各种现代信息媒体利用率的上扬，纸质文献的阅读率普遍下降，从长远看，对青少年知识的学习和思维能力的培养将带来负面影响。文章通过对校园阅读现状的分析和开展阅读活动的实践，提出高校图书馆搞活校园阅读的一些看法。     

公共图书馆阅读现状个案分析与思考

调查显示，近年来我国的国民阅读状况持续下滑，而推动公众阅读的发展是公共图书馆的责任之一，本文结合东营市图书馆的实际，指出了公共图书馆在公众阅读方面存在的欠缺，并指出了解决的思路和方法。