探析腹肌训练与健康的关系

通过查阅大量的相关资料和十余年的临床验证对腹肌训练与健康的关系进行分析与探讨,阐述腹肌的训练方法,提出了腹肌训练与人体健康的关系。旨在为促进人类健康,以及为医生、康复医师、社会指导员、健身教练员及广大健身爱好者提供借鉴和理论参考。     

"在+NP+V+N"句式诸构成因素相互关系的考察

“在＋NP＋V＋N”是汉语中一种颇有研究价值的句式。本文从“在＋NP＋V＋N”句式诸构成因素相互关系的角度切入,根据N的移动情况对“在＋NP＋V＋N”句式进行了分类,在此基础上考察了N与NP的关系,V与NP的关系,指出各构成因素在语义特征上的对照性及句式内部的系统性。     

New Vision and Challenges in Inquiry-Based Curriculum Change in Singapore

A new primary science syllabus with strong inquiry focus has been implemented in Singapore since 2008. In this study, we attempted to understand how teachers experience the emphasis of inquiry-based curriculum under the current educational conditions that is routined and highly teacher fronted. We invited 50 pre-service and 41 in-service teachers to participate in survey questionnaires and narratives, reflective writings, and group discussions related to science inquiry which formed our data corpus. Data analysis in the form of thematic coding was carried out using NVivo8, with over 80% inter-rater coding agreement level. Three key aspects of teachers’ perceptions of science inquiry were revealed: (1) teachers’ responsibilities as facilitators, (2) privileging content knowledge rather than process skills, and (3) pressure of assessment systems in current educational contexts. These understandings bring out conflicts of inquiry teaching between teacher- and student-centredness, content and process, and curriculum and assessment. Based on these teachers’ perceptions and dilemmas of inquiry science teaching, the visions and challenges of inquiry science curriculum change against assessment requirements are discussed.     

Measured lives: the rise of assessment as the engine of change in English schools

The year 2000 marks the end of compulsory education for the first cohort of students to experience the National Curriculum throughout their school careers. This article describes their experience of assessment and compares it with the testing regime that those children who start school in 2000 are likely to experience. Changes in policy from the early Task Group on Assessment and Testing proposals are analysed, especially the increasing priority given to the use of assessment for monitoring and evaluating the performance of teachers, schools and local education authorities. This shift is interpreted in terms of underlying assumptions about effective strategies for change. While Conservative and Labour governments have pursued somewhat different goals, they have used a similar change strategy. This explains why the general thrust of policy has continued in a broadly similar direction - towards ever more testing in schools and the use of results as performance indicators. It is argued, however, that this strategy cannot be pursued indefinitely. After a point, further improvements will only be made if teachers are helped to work ‘smarter’, not just harder. Policy-makers need, therefore, to look again at the contribution that formative assessment - or assessment for learning as part of pedagogy - can make to lifelong learning, in a more coherent, balanced and ‘educational’ system.     

图书馆业态的变化与发展趋势

图书馆业态是指图书馆事业为满足不同读者需求而进行相应要素组合所形成的运行形态。目前,信息资源正由模拟形态进入数字形态、文献结构由线性到多维、读者更多地依赖网络获取信息、书刊涨价、其他信息行业的竞争等因素,正在促进图书馆业态的变化。这种变化的趋势主要表现在图书馆日益嵌入社会、逐渐成为读者中心,实现数字化获取、资源整合、馆际联盟、权威服务,以及回归其教育和文化价值。参考文献63。     

从身份到契约:契约观念与图书馆角色转变

契约观念是契约关系的内在价值在人的思想观念形态上的体现。由于它蕴涵着自主意识、平等意识和权利意识,因而成为构筑现代社会关系最重要的精神理念与思想资源。我国改革开放的进程从某种意义上而言亦是"从身份到契约"的过程。图书馆应顺应社会发展趋势,积极应对现实中存在的问题;培育和强化图书馆契约观念,明确图书馆与馆员、读者和政府之间的关系,努力实现从"从身份到契约"的角色转变。     

Problems of secondary education in rural Iran: An anthropological view1

Statistics on implementing secondary education in rural Iran indicate that such a process has not been successful. Data gathered by the author during 1974/75 fieldwork support such a conclusion. It is suggested that lack of success of secondary education in rural Iran may be attributed to some cultural and economic factors which vary for men and women. The importance of the modesty code and observation of purdah (seclusio?) may account for the low enrollment of females in secondary education in rural areas. However, the need for agricultural laborers in the villages may account for the low attendance of males. Background to the development of modern education is presented.     

浅谈地理课堂教学兴趣的培养

地理作为一门重要的基础学科,在现实考试的大背景下,学生对于其重视程度不断下降,面对这样的困境,培养学生对于地理的兴趣是如今地理教学的唯一出路,融洽的师生关系是激发兴趣的基础;在授课时创设良好的问题情境,紧密结合地图,电脑多媒体等手段进行地理教学,积极引导学生大胆发言,展现自己的思维;同时培养学生良好的地理学习动机、学习习惯、掌握良好的学习方法,使学生真正喜欢上地理学科.     

试分析冷战格局终结的原因及其影响

冷战是指第二次世界大战之后以苏联为首的社会主义阵营和以美国为首的资本主义阵营全面对抗的一种现象和一个特定的历史阶段,这种对抗除了直接的军事对峙之外,涉及政治、军事、经济和意识形态等等一切领域,是一种埋藏着战争危机的和平状态,也是一种以和平形态表现的战争.冷战结束,国际关系进入一个新时代,对美苏两国、两大阵营和整个世界带来了深刻的影响,同时也影响着中国在国际舞台上的地位和作用.     

基于软件项目的变更控制

从软件项目管理的现状出发,分析了软件项目中变更产生的原因以及给项目带来的各种影响,并对如何进行变更控制给出了建议,进而以最大的限度来保证项目的可控性和稳定性.