试分析冷战格局终结的原因及其影响

冷战是指第二次世界大战之后以苏联为首的社会主义阵营和以美国为首的资本主义阵营全面对抗的一种现象和一个特定的历史阶段,这种对抗除了直接的军事对峙之外,涉及政治、军事、经济和意识形态等等一切领域,是一种埋藏着战争危机的和平状态,也是一种以和平形态表现的战争.冷战结束,国际关系进入一个新时代,对美苏两国、两大阵营和整个世界带来了深刻的影响,同时也影响着中国在国际舞台上的地位和作用.     

日本对华图书文献劫掠史研究综述

自甲午战争以来,日本曾先后发动或参与了四次对华侵略战争,并趁机进行文化侵略,尤其是对我国图书文献资源进行了大肆破坏与掠夺,使我国近代图书馆事业遭受了巨大损失。近年来,学界对涉及这一主题的新闻报道、统计资料、公私档案等第一手资料进行深入挖掘、整理和研究,对日本在华掠夺图书文献的政策、事件、机构、方式、数量与影响等进行归纳与分析,建立了日本对华图书文献劫掠史的基本脉络。本文分五个议题对相关研究进行梳理和总结:1时间和地域,2组织机构,3劫掠方式,4图书损失数量,5文献保存活动。利用日方史料和第三方史料开展日本对华图书文献劫掠史研究,是未来研究的重点。表3。参考文献51。     

论人际关系修辞的真诚宽容准则

真诚宽容是人际关系修辞的一个重要准则。通过从体现诚信、体现尊重、体现宽宏三个方面具体论述,论证了这一准则。     

大学生网络交往动机与网络行为特点关系研究综述

大学生已成为网络交往的主力军,网络深刻地影响着大学生的学习、生活及行为方式。本文试图通过对国内外有关大学生网络交往动机与网络行为特点及其关系的研究成果做一综述性的介绍,以期推动研究进展。     

Behavior problems of children in foster care: Associations with foster mothers’ representations,commitment, and the quality of mother–child interaction

This study investigated different environmental and contextual factors associated with maltreated children's adjustment in foster care. Participants included 83 children (52 boys), ages 1–7 years, and their foster caregivers. Quality of interaction with the foster caregiver was assessed from direct observation of a free-play situation; foster caregiver attachment state of mind and commitment toward the child were assessed using two interviews; disruptive behavior symptoms were reported by foster caregivers. Results showed that quality of interaction between foster caregivers and children were associated with behavior problems, such that higher-quality interactions were related to fewer externalizing and internalizing problems. Foster caregivers’ state of mind and commitment were interrelated but not directly associated with behavior problems of foster children. Type of placement moderated the association between foster caregiver commitment and foster child behavior problems. Whereas greater foster caregiver commitment was associated with higher levels of adjustment for children in foster families (kin and non-kin), this was not the case in foster-to-adopt families. Finally, the associations between foster child behavior problems and history of maltreatment and placement related-risk conditions fell below significance after considering child age and quality of interaction with the foster caregiver. Findings underscore the crucial contribution of the foster caregiver–child relationship to fostering child adjustment and, thereby, have important implications for clinical services offered to this population.     

RDA的实体及关系解析

FRBR的实体-关系模型是RDA编制的结构基础,这种概念完全不同于AACR2的理念,同时它也是理解RDA的难点论文主要针对RDA中的实体、实体中的元素、实体之间的关系进行了分析,并利用图表进行详细的说明.结论是：RDA对文献描述的四个层次包括作品、内容表达、具体表现、单件,可以对书目信息进行深度揭示,四个层次之间也存在比较复杂的关系.     

研究项目中课题组成员关系的差序格局探析——以图情文类国家社科基金项目为例

社会学家费孝通先生在研究中国乡村结构时提出了差序格局的概念,用以说明中国传统社会不同于西方社会“团体格局”的特点.差序格局的形成受到以下因素影响：血缘、地缘、经济水平、政治地位、知识文化水平.本研究以2005-2010年图情文类国家社科基金项目为样本,运用社会网络分析方法,分别从地缘、业缘和学缘三个方面探讨了研究项目课题组成员中反映出的关系和结构,探究并验证在课题研究中是否存在“差序结构”,并分析这种差序格局对学术研究的影响.     

论竞技场上的侵犯行为

运用献分析和观察的方法，以国外有关社会心理学和侵犯理论为依据．运用“生物本能”理论、情景理论、精神分析理论、“本立而道生”理论、挫折、侵犯理论、社会学习理论等，对竞技场上所存在的不良侵犯行为进行了深刻地剖析。     

Trajectories of maternal verbal aggression across the middle school years: associations with negative view of self and social problems

Objective

The primary research objective was to explore the relationship between trajectories of maternal verbal aggression (VA) experienced by low-income, community middle school students across a three-year period and outcomes that have been found to be related to VA in previous work, including a negative view of self and social problems.

Method

Longitudinal data were collected from 421 youth (51.8% male) attending two middle schools over 3 years using a multiple-informant survey design. K-means cluster analysis was used to identify trajectories of VA using youth ratings of the Conflict Tactics Scale: Parent-Child (Straus, Hamby, Finkelhor, Moore, & Runyan, 1998). Dependent variables were self-reported depression, self-esteem, delinquency, and peer victimization as well as peer-rated aggression and sensitive-isolated reputation.

Results

Four trajectory groups of VA were identified: Low Stable, Increasing, Decreasing, and High Stable. The 3-year average occurrence of VA was: 1.31, 9.18, 10.24, and 31.14 instances, respectively. Gender-specific MANOVAs revealed dramatic differences between the High Stable and Low Stable groups. High Stable boys reported significantly more depressive symptoms, delinquency, peer overt and relational victimization, and were less likely to have a sensitive/isolated reputation than Low Stable boys. High Stable girls reported significantly more depressive symptoms, low self-esteem, delinquency, peer overt and relational victimization and were rated by peers as having more aggressive/disruptive and relationally aggressive reputations than Low Stable girls. Girls in the High Stable group were more likely than other youth to report levels of depressive symptoms and delinquency >1 SD above the mean, while boys in the High Stable group were more likely to report levels of delinquency >1 SD above the mean. The Increasing and Decreasing groups also demonstrated significantly poorer functioning than the Low Stable group on most outcomes. Growth curve analysis revealed that VA showed a contemporaneous association with self-reported delinquency suggesting these factors are closely related.

Conclusions

Any level of VA greater than the 1–2 instances per year reported by youth in the Low Stable group was associated with less favorable outcomes.     

不同攻击／受欺儿童的同伴关系情感性质认知研究

本研究利用计算机程序呈现8个暗含不同同伴情感关系的小对话场景测查儿童的同伴情感关系判断准确性,采用问卷法对儿童的同伴关系情感性质认知进行初步探查,结果表明：不同类型儿童之间的同伴情感关系判断准确性存在显著性差异,未卷入儿童高于直接攻击儿童。不同类型儿童对同伴关系情感性质认知（认同程度）的差异,整体而言,间接攻击儿童采取趋中认知,受欺负儿童对同伴关系情感性质的工具性认同程度最高,攻击一受欺儿童极端认同工具性维度又极端不认同情感性维度,未卷入儿童对情感性维度认同程度最高,而直接攻击儿童表现出不计与一般同学的情感关系。不同攻击／受欺儿童的同伴关系情感性质认知呈现出截然不同的特点。