论教育学教学与小学教育实践的有机联系

在小学教育学教学中,加强和小学教育实践的有机联系是搞好教育学教学的关键环节,应该采取以下措施:请进来,走出去;做好小学案例库建设;有效利用好现代化的教学手段;提倡小学教育学教师到小学上下水课;引导学生参加丰富多彩的教育实践活动等。     

大学生婚恋观对高校德育工作的影响及对策

大学生恋爱和婚姻是大学校园现实而又敏感的话题,也是高校德育工作的重要领域。文章对大学生婚恋观概念进行了界定,指出研究大学生婚恋观的重要性,在调研上海工程技术大学学生婚恋情感现状的基础上,分析了当代大学生婚恋观存在的问题及形成的原因,提出加强高校大学生婚恋情感教育的若干政策建议。     

基于相关向量机的大豆生长发育阶段预测

精确地预测大豆的生长发育阶段对于农业生产和研究都具有重要的意义,采用相关向量机方法为大豆的生长发育阶段预测建模,通过优化建模参数,所建相关向量机模型具有较高的拟合能力,且预测误差小,稳健性好。实验结果表明,相关向量机建立的模型优于神经网络。     

春节联欢晚会小品喜剧效果的关联理论阐释

春节联欢晚会的小品节目以其风趣的语言深受广大观众的喜爱;关联理论对话语交际具有很强的阐释力。本文运用关联理论原理,从最大关联与最佳关联、明示推理模式和认知语境这三个方面对春节联欢晚会的一些小品的片段进行分析,探索小品喜剧效果产生的语言机制。     

话语连贯与关联理论

人们的交际总是以话语相关或话语连贯为取向,而话语是否相关或连贯对听者而言在很大程度上依赖于他的认知推理。本文借助关联理论分析人们口语交际中对话语连贯性的认知推理,指出听者对话语连贯与否的接受决定其能否正确理解话语;连贯的话语一定是相关的,但相关的话语并非总是连贯的。     

User relevance criteria choices and the information search process

Relevance judgments occur within an information search process, where time, context and situation can impact the judgments. The determination of relevance is dependent on a number of factors and variables which include the criteria used to determine relevance. The relevance judgment process and the criteria used to make those judgments are manifestations of the cognitive changes which occur during the information search process.Understanding why these relevance criteria choices are made, and how they vary over the information search process can provide important information about the dynamic relevance judgment process. This information can be used to guide the development of more adaptive information retrieval systems which respond to the cognitive changes of users during the information search process.The research data analyzed here was collected in two separate studies which examined a subject’s relevance judgment over an information search process. Statistical analysis was used to examine these results and determine if there were relationships between criteria selections, relevance judgments, and the subject’s progression through the information search process. Findings confirm and extend findings of previous studies, providing strong statistical evidence of an association between the information search process and the choices of relevance criteria by users, and identifying specific changes in the user preferences for specific criteria over the course of the information search process.     

Multidimensional relevance: Prioritized aggregation in a personalized Information Retrieval setting

A new model for aggregating multiple criteria evaluations for relevance assessment is proposed. An Information Retrieval context is considered, where relevance is modeled as a multidimensional property of documents. The usefulness and effectiveness of such a model are demonstrated by means of a case study on personalized Information Retrieval with multi-criteria relevance. The following criteria are considered to estimate document relevance: aboutness, coverage, appropriateness, and reliability.     

PolarityRank: Finding an equilibrium between followers and contraries in a network

In this paper we present the relevance ranking algorithm named PolarityRank. This algorithm is inspired in PageRank, the webpage relevance calculus method used by Google, and generalizes it to deal with graphs having not only positive but also negative weighted arcs. Besides the definition of our algorithm, this paper includes the algebraic justification, the convergence demonstration and an empirical study in which PolarityRank is applied to two unrelated tasks where a graph with positive and negative weights can be built: the calculation of word semantic orientation and instance selection from a learning dataset.     

Exploring how relevance instructions affect personal reading intentions,reading goals and text processing: A mixed methods study

The purpose of this mixed methods study was to investigate how relevance instructions influence readers’ personal reading intentions, reading goals, text processing, and memory for text. Undergraduates (n = 52) were randomly assigned to one of three pre-reading relevance instruction conditions that asked them to read from a perspective or to read for understanding. Experimental results showed that information was read slower and remembered better when it was relevant. However, some readers spent more time reading irrelevant information, whereas others spent less time reading this information. Post-reading interviews were analyzed to explain these reading time differences. The interview data indicated that relevance instructions influenced readers’ goals and the strategies they used to meet those goals. The data sets were complementary: the quantitative data indicated differences in reading time and recall, and the qualitative data allowed us to explain why these differences occurred. These data revealed three distinct reader profiles within and across conditions, and demonstrate how relevance instructions affect reader goals, processing, and comprehension.     

解读日本体育课程中的放松身体运动

日本为了强调身心一体化,强化体育与健康的关系,把过去《学习指导要领》中的“体操”部分改成了“增强体质运动”,并增添了全新内容即“放松身体运动”。放松身体运动主要强调：丰富学生的感知,培养学生自我调整能力,从而建立同伴之间的友好关系。放松身体运动要求教师发挥创造精神,改变运动方式和方法,努力让学生身心得到放松。