创建精品课程提高教学质量

建设精品课程的目的是通过为学生提供优质教学资源来提高教学质量。本文结合机械原理精品课程建设,从课程体系、教学内容、师资队伍建设、教材建设、教学方法和手段等几方面进行了探索和实践,并取得标志性成果。     

基于非机械类专业机械基础课程双语教学的实践和探讨

为了适应全球化经济发展的需要,提高所培养人才的国际竞争力,围绕机械基础双语教学中教材的选用,教学过程和考核方式进行了探讨。采用了适合学生的双语教学模式和实施方法,取得了良好的教学效果。     

振动训练的生理基础与应用研究进展

采用文献资料法,分析了振动训练影响运动能力及其提高肌肉力量可能的生理学机制,综述了振动训练的研究进展,旨在为教练员和运动员及体育健身者认识和合理利用振动训练方法提供理论依据。     

Children’s resilience and trauma-specific cognitive behavioral therapy: Comparing resilience as an outcome,a trait,and a process

Resilience, which is associated with relatively positive outcomes following negative life experiences, is an important research target in the field of child maltreatment (Luthar et al., 2000). The extant literature contains multiple conceptualizations of resilience, which hinders development in research and clinical utility. Three models emerge from the literature: resilience as an immediate outcome (i.e., behavioral or symptom response), resilience as a trait, and resilience as a dynamic process. The current study compared these models in youth undergoing trauma-specific cognitive behavioral therapy. Results provide the most support for resilience as a process, in which increase in resilience preceded associated decrease in posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms. There was partial support for resilience conceptualized as an outcome, and minimal support for resilience as a trait. Results of the models are compared and discussed in the context of existing literature and in light of potential clinical implications for maltreated youth seeking treatment.     

Resilience and psychopathology among victimized youth in residential care

This study examines the role of several resilience resources in the relationship between lifetime victimization and mental health problems among adolescents in care. The sample comprised 127 adolescents (53.% females, aged 12–17 years) from residential care facilities in Catalonia, Spain. The Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire, the Youth Self-Report, and the Adolescent Resilience Questionnaire were used to assess victimization, psychological symptoms, and resilience respectively. Results indicated that poly-victimization was associated with fewer resources, and with an increased risk of mental health problems. Self-resources mediated the relationship between victimization and internalizing and externalizing symptoms; community support mediated the relationship between victimization and internalizing symptoms. Self, school and peer support moderated the relationship between victimization and externalizing symptoms. Adolescents with fewer self-resources and less school support reported more externalizing symptoms, as did those with more peer support. However, poly-victimized youths reported symptoms within the clinical range, regardless of their level of resources. The findings stress the importance of preventing poly-victimization and of empowering poly-victimized adolescents, who appear to present low levels of resources. Researchers and clinicians should continue to study the poly-victimization/psychopathology relationship, and also design interventions and prevention programs which incorporate the most relevant resilience resources.     

四连杆变幅机构平衡重系统的优化设计

本文介绍了一种四连杆变幅机构平衡重系统的优化设计方法。它将该系统的设计归结为五维、5个目标函教、9个约束条件的数学模型,应用改进的随机方向法求该数学模型的最优解。经改进的随机方向法,对于解决机构类优化设计中经常出现的反正弦、反余弦函数变量值大于1的问题提出了笔者的看法。 文中进行了实例计算,其结果较用传统方法得出的结果有显著进步,可直接应用于实际生产。     

科技人员创新创业政策制定相关因素分析

国内外学者在鼓励科技人员创新创业方面都进行过深入研究,且近几年来呈现上涨的趋势。文章采用文献 调查法对通过研究相关文献了解到目前有关科技人员创新创业的研究和发展、影响因素、鼓励政策措施进行分析。在 了解有关科技人员创新创业现状的基础上,对影响其发展的原因进行归纳总结,并结合各地出台的相关政策措施分析 出制定鼓励科技人员创新创业政策的关键,旨在为各省市针对自身不足有效出台政策办法提供有价值的参考与启示。     

Profiles and predictors of behavioral resilience among children in child welfare

Children living in out-of-home care have experienced a multitude of adversities, often resulting in compromised functioning. The current study used Ontario Looking After Children (OnLAC) project data to estimate developmental trajectories of behavioral outcomes (i.e., conduct and emotional problems) over a 4-year period (i.e., ages 6–10 to 9–13) in 313 children living in out-of-home care. Predictors measured at baseline (e.g., sex) and across the subsequent 4-year period (e.g., parenting practices) were also investigated. Findings indicated that 64.2% and 58.6% followed resilient trajectories for conduct behaviors and emotional functioning, respectively. Predictors of resilient trajectories included internal developmental assets, number of children in the home, whether the child was receiving treatment, and positive parenting. Findings need to be interpreted with an understanding that children in out-of-home care have varying levels of functioning across various domains (e.g., educational, social) other than the ones measured here. Predictors were static and dynamic and cut across various contexts, emphasizing the importance of considering child functioning within an ecological model.     

浅议我国基于激励相容的科技创新机制构建

创新是经济增长的核心动力。当前国际社会主要经济体都把创新经济作为助推经济发展的主要力量,尤其是新兴市场经济体,更是把创新确立为国家战略以端显其重要性。其中影响创新内生增长的核心因素就是创新体系的机制设计。如何构建有效而激励相容的创新机制设计框架,是提高我国创新能力,推动国家步入智本经济的必要前提和根本保障。从激励相容的创新机制设计出发,结合美国成功经验和新经济增长理论,对构建并完善我国创新经济的机制设计和框架进行一些思考。