Education response to COVID 19 pandemic,a special issue proposed by UNICEF: Editorial review

This editorial paper presents 11 papers related to the special issue proposed by UNICEF on the Education Response to COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic provoked an education emergency of unprecedented scale. At its onset in February 2020, school closures were announced in the worst-hit countries. At the peak of the crisis, 90 per cent of learners worldwide had had their education disrupted. Some learners, especially those from the most marginalised population groups, were put at risk of permanent dropout, provoking long-term and significant negative effects on children’s life-long wellbeing and the socio-economic development of their communities and countries. This special issue, which received contributions from UNICEF staff and various researchers, focuses on the impact of school closures, the effectiveness of remote learning solutions, equity implications, the mitigation of learning loss and notions around re-opening better. Different research perspectives and evidence is gathered to help strengthen policy considerations and future planning. The conclusion emphasizes building on the innovative solutions generated by the response to the crisis to make education systems more resilient, whilst also reinforcing the focus on equity and inclusion so that pre-existing disparities are not exacerbated in the future.     

Business continuity of business models: Evaluating the resilience of business models for contingencies

Company business models are vulnerable to various contingencies in the business environment that may unexpectedly render their business logic ineffective. In particular, technological advancements, such as the Internet of things, big data, sharing economy and crowdsourcing, have enabled new forms of business models that can effectively and abruptly make traditional business models obsolete. By disrupting or even diminishing companies’ revenue streams, environmental contingencies may present a significant threat to business continuity (BC). Evaluating the resilience of business models against these contingencies should therefore be a core area of BC. However, existing BC approaches tend to focus on the continuity of the resources and processes through which a particular business model is accomplished in practice but omit the business model itself. We argue that in order for BC approaches to become holistic and strategic, business models need to become a part of the BC considerations, entailing an expansion of the scope of BC from value preservation to value creation. We propose an approach of Strategic Business Continuity Management, which consists of two parts: (1) sustaining the continuity of the company business model (value preservation) and (2) evaluating and modifying the business model (value creation). We illustrate conceptually the value creation part with an example drawn from the sharing economy.     

Exploring factors that improve mathematics achievement in Brunei

The low pass rate in Brunei Year 13 mathematics is a source of concern for many stakeholders. Success in mathematics is required for students wishing to attend university and pursue courses in the sciences and technology. Many different factors contribute to success and failure in mathematics. This field survey (N = 330 randomly selected Year 13 students representing 179 females and 151 males) determined the extent to which coping mechanisms, study strategies, learning styles, and self-efficacy were related to academic achievement in mathematics. Stepwise multiple regression analysis with backward elimination identified six statistically significant main effect variables with links to mathematics achievement (task-oriented coping, textbook reading, concentration, self-efficacy, time management, and activist learning style). Two-way interactions of the male and female genders with deep processing and reflector learning styles were also significantly associated with mathematics achievement. Other significant interaction variables were beneficial to both genders.     

Restorative Rhetoric and Social Media: An Examination of the Boston Marathon Bombing

This study analyzes Boston Mayor Thomas Menino’s rhetoric via Twitter following the Boston Marathon Bombing, exploring how a leader engaged in crisis communication using social media. Guided by restorative rhetoric, we examine how Menino included strategic communication (alleviate risk and restore public safety) and humanistic communication (focusing on the more substantive issues of crisis leadership) in his tweets. Our analysis is grounded in the five tenets of restorative rhetoric as a theoretical lens: initial reaction; assessment of the crisis; issues of blame; healing and forgiveness; and corrective action and rebuilding through a rhetorical vision. The findings demonstrate the utility of social media in aiding leaders as they provide critical information and guidance amid high uncertainty while also initiating the healing process, including fostering resilience.     

IPv6环境下IPSec协议安全机制的研究与实现

介绍了IPv6的发展概况,分析了IPsec协议的安全体系结构、各部分功能及其相互间关系、IPsec协议在IPv6中的工作原理等,探讨了IPsec协议在IPv6中应用所存在的问题,详细分析了其在Windows、Linux等操作系统中的软件实现过程。     

高职院校实施在线教学的推进机制研究

高职院校按照教育部"停课不停学"的要求在2020年春季学期全面转向在线教学.通过采用质性研究的文本分析方法,对10所高职院校在线教学实施方案或在线教学质量报告等文本,进行了在线教学推进机制的编码分析.研究发现:疫情防控期间高职院校坚持育人理念,确保在线教学有序开展,但对今后在线教学定位与发展方向还不明确;及时出台了教学调整方案,发布组织管理文件,制订课程规范标准,精心组织在线教学工作,但教师在线教学的激励政策还不完善;通过新增在线教学机构、建立协同工作机制统一协调推进在线教学,但支持长期信息化教学改革的机构及工作机制尚待构建.根据高职院校在疫情防控期间开展在线教学的状况分析,从理念与规划、制度与政策、组织与机构三个方面构建了高职院校常态化实施在线教学的推进机制框架,为高职院校在信息时代深化教学改革,推动信息技术与教育教学深度融合提出了建议.     

美、德高校教师流动机制比较研究

美、德两国高校教师的流动机制主要有四种:晋升机制、招聘机制、任期机制与兼职机制。这四种机制体现了主动流动与被动流动、近亲繁殖与学术交流、学术压力与学术自由及层次结构与教师流动之间的关系。     

中国特有植物海南海桑的生物学特性及其保护

海南海桑(Sonneratia hainanensis KO，E．Y．Chen etW．Y．Chen)属于海桑科海桑属，为我国特有树种，仅天然分布于我国的海南岛，现正处在濒危状态．本比较系统地综述了海南海桑的生物学特性，包括其外部形态、内部结构、地理分布、生态学和群落特性以及海南海桑的系统位置．最后，章分析了可能引起海南海桑濒危的原因，并提出了几点保护措施．     

以政府为主导 切实保障农民增收

在我国,解决农民增收问题需要政府、社会、农民各个方面的共同努力,但毫无疑问政府是起主导作用的。本文从发挥政府作用,加强政府对农村各方面的调节和服务的角度,对解决农民增收问题作了探讨。     

科研新手获得学术认可的障碍分析及其影响研究

 摘要：科研新手一般是通过其研究成果在学术界获得承认，进而逐步在科学共同体中获得认可并确立地位的。在科研新手学术成果获得承认的过程中，一般会受到新手身份、成果特点以及科学共同体自身性质等因素的影响。对科研新手学术认可的拒绝或延迟，直接影响到科学家梯队的后备人力资源，同时也影响科研新人的职业发展。分析科研新手获得学术认可的一般机制，对维护健康的学术环境，保持科学技术的可持续发展都具有重要意义。