北极环境视域下人类适应性体育训练模式构建

运用文献资料、调查和逻辑分析等研究方法,基于任务能力与身心健康一体化训练理论,针对北极恶劣环境条件,从形成任务能力和保持整体健康,满足北极行动任务需要出发,对构建北极环境人类适应性体育训练模式的理论和内容体系进行了探索研究,对训练模式的理论基础、基本原则、总体目标、主要内容、基本类型等进行了讨论,提出了基础训练、专业训练、综合训练和延伸训练四种基本训练模式并深入分析了四种模式的重点内容、方法特点和注意事项。     

信息整合和数字图书馆的发展

信息整合技术的变迁从根本上改变了数字图书馆的运行模式,是推动数字图书馆技术发展的主要动力之一。后数字图书馆时代,数字图书馆已经演化成无所不在的知识环境。在这个泛在知识环境下,信息整合也提升为知识整合。知识整合是架构在信息整合基础上的新的服务层,是泛在知识环境的核心结构。语义网技术是实现知识整合的有效平台,尤其是本体技术是实现知识整合的基石。     

Inter-organizational systems use and supply chain performance: Mediating role of supply chain management capabilities

Inter-organizational Systems (IOS) are network-enabled information systems that extend boundaries of an organization. There is a growing interest among researchers and practitioners to understand how the use of IOS enhances firm performance. In this study, we examine how IOS use impacts an organization’s supply chain management (SCM) capabilities and supply chain performance. Drawing on the resource-based view theory, we examine two mechanisms that are essential for enhanced supply chain performance: (a) efficient IOS external utilization regarding its networked partners and (b) the maximization of IOS organizational management capabilities in supply chain management. Using data from 193 respondents from various manufacturers and distributors of fast-moving consumer goods, we confirm all the hypotheses posited in the research model. The results demonstrate the dual effect of IOS use in improving operational supply chain performance, SCM capabilities, and the mediating role of SCM capabilities. We discuss contributions of the study to research and practice.     

An evolving Learning Management System for new educational environments using 2.0 tools

The tools used in learning processes are in a continuous state of flux. One of the most significant changes is the application of Information and Communications technologies (ICTs) to educational contexts. This provides new possible ways to carry out learning activities, new learning services, the possibility to use new kinds of contents and activities, etc. However, ICTs have not provided as many advantages as they were supposed to, so changes are necessary. In this context, a new set of tools, Web 2.0, offers a new way to understand the Web, in which the user is the centre. Further, users can cooperate in order to define contents. This concept is also applied in technology-mediated learning but there are important problems when one tries to integrate such tools and concepts with existing systems. This paper explores the integration of these tools in traditional learning environments, the various possibilities and their advantages and drawbacks. After that, an interoperability scenario is described and two experiences are presented to show how 2.0 tools can be integrated in learning activities, and its effect in educational process.     

Research results of two personal learning environments experiments in a higher education institution

This paper focuses on institutionally powered personal learning environments (iPLEs). The concept of the iPLE can be seen as a way universities can incorporate learner-centred approach into the architecture of their technology-enhanced learning environments. The aim of this paper is to pose that there are other ways to learn complementary to virtual learning environments, such as using distributed Web 2.0 tools from personal learning environments (PLEs). With that aim in mind, this paper presents an exploratory study with two different iPLE configurations, analyses how they modify the learning–teaching process, and reports their perceived usefulness from the students' point of view. These two case studies were carried out by a research group of educational technology from a Spanish university in graduate and postgraduate courses. As reported by other case studies, the results revealed that students use the environment basically in the academic context and this usage is conceived as another time and effort requiring task. This fact can be observed in the low level iPLEs customization. The overall conclusions we can extract are, on the one hand, that the new environment to integrate informal and formal learning should be flexible and adaptable to the student's needs and preferences and, on the other hand, that academic tools might someday become personal tools.     

学习环境的社会结构设计

学习科学在学习的社会维度上的强调,要求学习环境的设计超越传统技术中心的设计视界,更加关注学习的社会结构设计。文章概要描述了一个由“文化信念”、“实践”、“社会-技术-空间关系”、“与外部世界的交互”四维度组成的社会结构设计框架,并借此分析了一个智能互动白板技术环境下的课堂社会结构的设计研究案例。研究表明,学习的社会结构是影响整个学习环境设计效果的重要因素,应该引起广大教育技术研究者们的重视与关注。     

The Virtual Learning Environment ROODA: An Institutional Project of Long Distance Education

This article describes ROODA (), a virtual learning environment and one of the official Long Distance Education platforms that has been in use since 2005 at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil. It is free software that integrates syncronous and assyncronous interaction/communication tools and publications. In this study, details about institutional demands in relation to long distance education are discussed and ROODA is described with the components that were part of its development such as: modelling and programming, graphic interface and documents for users. Moreover, 19 functions were conceived. Finally, project investigation paths are presented where the platform described is inserted.

世代特征，信息环境变迁与大学生信息素养教育创新

当前世代大学生偏好的教育活动是个性化服务,电子媒介交互式学习,任务参与型学习甚至自主的学习;他们具备一定的信息素养能力,但差异巨大。本文指出:随着Internet技术及应用的深入发展,大学生信息素养能力包括三个层次,低层次是信息检索技能,然后是批判性思维能力和与自己专业密切相关的IT能力,更高层次是独立思考、认识论认知能力,最终达到解决实际问题的目的;高校图书馆已经不能独立满足学生多层次信息素养能力的要求及当前世代大学生对教育培训的偏好。本文提出信息素养教育五分策略:培养目标分层,教学内容分级,学科专业分类,培养过程分段,学生管理分流,并建议从网络课堂、图书馆、学院、学校、教育部、第三方平台等多个层面,共同推动我国大学生信息素养教育。图3。表3。参考文献63。     

Mapping beliefs about teaching to patterns of instruction within science,technology, engineering,and mathematics

In this paper, we identify beliefs about teaching and patterns of instruction valued and emphasized by science, technology, engineering, and mathematics faculty in higher education in the USA. Drawing on the notion that effective teaching is student-centered rather than teacher-centered and must include a balance of knowledge-, learner-, community-, and assessment-centered learning environments; we use qualitative interview data to explore how faculty's reported beliefs about teaching are associated with their consideration of these four types of environments. Findings indicated that although a range of beliefs about teaching emerged, most were firmly located in knowledge-centered learning environments, with little or no focus on the remaining three learning environments. Furthermore, even patterns of instruction that were heavily student-centered were situated within a knowledge-centered learning framework. We argue that for student-centered instruction to be truly successful, faculty must consider all four learning environments in crafting and facilitating the classroom environment.     

The role of model building in problem solving and conceptual change

This study examines the effects of the activity of building systems models for school-based problems on problem solving and on conceptual change in elementary science classes. During a unit on the water cycle in an Asian elementary school, students constructed systems models of the water cycle. We found that representing ill-structured problems as system models improves problem solving as well as creating beneficial conceptual change related to the topic.