Uncovering everyday dynamics in students’ perceptions of instructional quality with experience sampling

Within-student dynamics in perceptions of instructional quality have been neglected, although student states constitute a major share of these perceptions. The present study examined the structure and correlates of student state perceptions of the three basic dimensions, teacher support, cognitive activation, and classroom management. We conducted a three-week experience sampling study using state measures in four subjects (observations: n_mathematics = 2,681, n_physics = 1,555, n_German = 2,026, n_English = 1,835) and analyzed data from 372 German secondary school students (M_age = 15.3 years), conducting two-level confirmatory factor analyses. Against more parsimonious solutions, the postulated three-factor structure was confirmed within- and between-students across subjects, entailing 51% within-student variance on average. Similar to trait-like perceptions, state perceptions were positively related to grades and academic interest. Our results support the factorial and convergent validity of state student perceptions of instructional quality, expanding upon between-person-based literature and uncovering opportunities to enhance teaching effectiveness.     

单位受贿罪解析

单位受贿罪的主体为国有单位,“为他人谋取利益”及“情节严重”为其客观方面要件。收受回扣、手续费构成本罪的需要具备“帐外暗中”这一重要条件。单位受贿罪宜定为“国有单位受贿罪”。     

中央空调工程风机盘管系统渗水问题分析

随着中央空调在各种领域的广泛应用,风机盘管系统渗水问题已成为各类用户使用中最为关心的问题。从中央空调工程设计、施工、运行维护三方面简要地分析了风机盘管系统渗水产生的原因,同时也为用户提供最佳的解决措施。     

基于DSP控制的多联空调内外机通讯的研究

采用DSP芯片控制室外机的多联空调机组,室内机往往采用单片机控制.通过对其内外机通讯系统的硬件和软件进行分析和研究,设计了一套控制方案.通过实验验证,通讯正确率可以达到98%以上,系统可以实时对用户要求做出反馈.     

基于专家系统和神经网络集成的植物智能分类系统

专家系统和神经网络是计算机人工智能应用的两大分支.目前,这两大分支的发展均表现出各自存在的问题,如专家系统知识获取的“饼颈“问题和神经网络知识表示的“黑葙结构“问题.在植物智能分类系统中单独使用神经网络或传统专家系统技术都有其局限性,二者必须相互取长补短,将神经网络与专家系统相结合是开发植物智能分类系统的一条比较切实有效的途径.本文将专家系统和神经网络进行集成,达到优势互补的目的,并且采用了改进的神经网络分类算法,有效的克服了传统的植物智能分类系统的不足,从而更加全面的、科学的、合理的对植物进行分类.     

基于Richards变换与Kuroda规则的射频滤波器设计

介绍了一种将集总参数转换为分布参数的Richards变换，利用双口网络演变而来的单位元件矩阵，论述了传输线结构之间的相互变换规则，即Kuroda规则。以这两种理论为基础设计出一种实用射频带通滤波器。     

精读细想——朗读、联想、想象鉴赏古代诗歌刍议

鉴赏古代诗歌必须要把握两点：①精读。精读可以感受诗歌的形式美，品味其语言魅力，咀嚼诗歌情感。②细想。细想可体味诗歌意境，领会其思想内涵。只要抓住这两点就可以把握整篇诗歌的基本概要。     

说“级”

本文详细描述了“级”在现代汉语中的语法位置和用法,认为“级”主要是用作名语素、量词、区别词后缀。     

Why do students exhibit different attention-related behavior during instruction? Investigating effects of individual and context-dependent determinants

To determine the success of their instruction, teachers need to rely on observable cues in students' behavior. However, students exhibit different attention-related behavior within one lesson as well as compared with their peers. It is not yet clear to what extent these differences result from the design of classroom instruction and how individual and contextual factors determine students' behavior during instruction. In the present study, we applied a continuous behavior-rating system to 10 classroom videos and based our analysis on 1200 1-s intervals of N = 199 students. Using dynamic structural equation modeling, students' attention-related behavior was primarily determined by contextual factors, stressing the important role of teachers but also the impact of factors that are unique in individual classrooms.     

糖尿病性脂肪肝胰岛素强化治疗研究

目的:探讨糖尿病性脂肪肝胰岛素强化治疗的方法、效果,临床病理变化。方法:将42例糖尿病性脂肪肝患者分为A、B两组,分别采用静点胰岛素、皮下注射胰岛素强化治疗,肝穿刺活检检查肝组织病理变化。结果:两者间不同时相血糖及血浆胰岛素浓度有显著性差异(P<0.05);肿大肝脏恢复正常大小时间的差异有显著性(P<0.01);肝穿活检证实代谢紊乱纠正后脂肪肝可以逆转。结论:提示静点胰岛素强化治疗糖尿病性脂肪肝优于皮下注射胰岛素强化治疗。