Transformation and job creation in the cultural and creative industries in South Africa

The cultural and creative industries (CCIs) have been hailed as offering great potential to create jobs and to be socially inclusive. Since artistic success is defined by individual talent, or merit, the CCIs should be one sector that is especially open to, and appreciative of, social diversity in terms of race, class, cultural group and gender. However, as expected, recent studies in both the UK and the US have revealed that employment in the CCIs is heavily dominated by the middle classes, and is not as diverse in terms of other characteristics. Since the advent of democracy in South Africa in 1994, transformation of firm ownership, previously dominated by white people, to include more black, coloured and Indian/Asian-origin South Africans, has been an important part of achieving greater economic equality and social cohesion, as well as being more representative of the cultures of the majority of the population. Using data from a survey of 2400 CCIs firms in South Africa, this paper examines the extent to which the CCIs in South Africa have transformed in terms of ownership and employment. Comparisons are also made across the six UNESCO [(2009). Framework for cultural statistics. UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved from http://www.uis.unesco.org/culture/Pages/framework-cultural-statistics.aspx] “Cultural Domains” in terms of ownership, average monthly turnover and the number of full-time, part-time and contract employees. Results show some diversity in the industry, but significant differences between the Domains. Statistical analysis demonstrates that CCI funding policy in South Africa is sensitive to advancing the transformation agenda in that more transformed firms were shown to be more likely to have received some form of government grant as part of their income.     

Latino Portrayals in Local News Media: Underrepresentation,Negative Stereotypes,and Institutional Predictors of Coverage

Given the rise in negative rhetoric about Latinos in the U.S., it is essential to examine whether this negative tone extends to general, local news as well. An analysis of 2426 news articles drawn from 55 local newspapers in 2015 reveals several important findings. First, despite the intense spotlight on Latinos, they are still underrepresented in local news media. Relative to the other ethnic groups and whites, Latinos are more likely to be portrayed through negative stereotypes. However, the probability of this negative coverage is smaller for news media with a big proportion of Latino audiences, or for publicly-owned media outlets.     

两权分离背景下公共体育场馆委托经营管理模式的应用研究

摘要：主要采用文献资料法、实地调查法和访谈法,基于公共体育场馆委托经营管理模式的相关理论、政策以及对多个项目的实践比较分析,提出委托经营管理模式的应用意义、需厘清的若干关键问题和发展建议,为创新体育场馆管理体制与运行机制提供理论参考。研究发现：采用委托经营管理模式运作公共体育场馆,可以减轻财政压力、提高场馆运营效率、避免国有资产流失,盘活存量资源、扩建增量场馆。指出应用委托经营管理模式需要厘清的关键问题：1)公共体育场馆的属性;2)公共体育场馆财政政策;3)公共体育场馆的服务内容;4)公益性服务的结构和价值补偿;5）掠夺性经营等。建议政府应加快制定运营方的准入、退出标准;完善公共体育场馆委托受托契约体系;构建公益性服务价值补偿的公共财政目标导向机制;协同运营方统筹公益性与经营性服务;邀请运营方参与场馆设计;建立强有力的监督约束机制。     

中超俱乐部权属定位的思辨

采用文献资料、逻辑分析等研究方法,分析中超俱乐部内外产权分配问题、经营现状,阐明其权属关系现状,并理清中超俱乐部与中国足协、中超委员会之间的权限划分,探析其自身经营、管理方面的问题,提出明晰中超俱乐部权属定位的具体对策。     

信息网络传播权--数字图书馆应予以关注的权利

本文分析了数字图书馆建设中涉及的信息网络传播权的知识产权问题,提出应对措施,以防止和减少数字图书馆建设中信息网络侵权的发生。     

《著作权集体管理条例》对图书馆的影响和启示

《著作权集体管理条例》提供了图书馆集体管理组织使用著作权的可操作规程,也使图书馆找到了维护自身权益的新的法律途径。图书馆要充分认识短期内通过集体管理组织使用著作权仍然存在的障碍。在集体管理机制不完善的情况下,图书馆应采用授权模式的多元化策略。应积极建立图书馆共同体。同时要关注国外著作权集体管理制度的新动向,向立法机关适时提出建议。     

论市场调节下的全社会信息资源共享主体权益

市场经济与信息资源共享有着密切联系,全社会信息资源共享需要市场经济带动,市场经济需要以信息资源共享来带动其更大发展。政府、企业、图书馆、学校是信息资源共享的主体。政府是信息资源最大的拥有者,起着宏观词控和公共服务的作用;企业追求最高共享利润,是信息资源共享工作中的核心主体;图书馆、高校及科研院所既是信息市场上竞争的主体,又是免费信息享有者和重要的免费信息提供者。保护和实现主体权益的手段有:发展和完善规范化的信息市场;建立目标;坚持效益与公平原则;平衡利益关系。参考文献3     

论我国农村经济发展与土地所有制的创新

农民增收和富裕的问题一直困扰着我国社会经济的发展。现阶段,"三农"问题已经成为我们国家在新世纪必须要解决的课题。我国现有农村土地制度和政策规定中的种种缺陷对我国农村和农业的纵深发展在很大程度上起着阻碍作用。因此,改革现有的农村集体土地制度,赋予农民真正的土地永佃权成为解决"三农"问题现实而合理的重要选择之一。     

马克思所有制理论若干范畴译名与释义考辨

关于马克思"重新建立个人所有制"命题的争论历百余年至今尚无定论。笔者经过对相关范畴译名与释义的考查与辩证分析发现:"重新建立个人所有制"命题其实是"重新确立个人所有权"的误译;《资本论》第1卷德文第1版中"公有制"范畴本意为"共同所有";社会所有制是指涵括劳动者个人所有权的集体所有制,社会所有制的提法源于市民社会与社会交往关系范畴。笔者试图合理地修正并重新认识马克思有关未来社会所有制思想的范畴及语义基础。     

人力资本所有者分享企业所有权的经济学分析

现代企业中,人力资本所有者分享企业所有权的份额呈提高趋势,究原因在于:人力资本所有者作为经济人,其经济价值随经济增长不断提升;人力资本具有专用性,与其所有者不可分离,决定了人力资本所有者只可激励不可压榨,这客观上要求人力资本所有者分享企业所有权;同时,分享企业所有权能有效激励人力资本所有者,促进企业绩效的提高,这是人力资本所有者分享企业所有权的直接原因。