The Relationship Between Social Support and Type 2 Diabetes Risk

Prior research links social support with several positive health outcomes. However, less is known about the association between social support and Type 2 diabetes risk factors, such as glycemic control. This study uses a nationally representative sample from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) to examine the relationship between social support and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. The data were analyzed through hierarchical logistic regression. Results indicate an inverse relationship between elevated HbA1c levels and individuals’ satisfaction with their partners’ daily interactions. Implications include the possibility of reducing Type 2 diabetes risk through communication interventions highlighting the importance of maintaining positive daily interactions.     

Wallowing in Media Past: Media-Induced Nostalgia’s Connection to Parasocial Relationships

This article elaborates on media-induced nostalgia as a mixed emotion elicited by remembering past media content and characters. It argues that social components of media consumption such as parasocial relationships (PSRs) play an important part in the elicitation of nostalgia. In an online study, participants (N = 96) remembered their individual media use and preferred media characters as children. Results show that media-induced nostalgia is significantly associated with PSRs to characters in the past. These findings are evaluated concerning their implications for future research on nostalgia and PSRs.     

Young Children’s Positive and Negative Parasocial Relationships with Media Characters

There is a scarcity of research on how young children form short- and long-term emotional connections with popular media characters. Preexisting research on young children’s parasocial relationships (PSR) with media personae has traditionally operationally defined PSR exclusively in terms of friendship and focused on television characters. However, a growing body of research suggests the need for a wider survey of children’s media platforms. Scholarship also actually points to two distinct constructs of PSR: positive PSR (friendly feelings or amicability) and negative PSR (unfriendly feelings or antipathy). This study engaged 88 children ages 5–7 in open- and closed-ended questions designed to measure both positive and negative PSR. Our research reveals a more nuanced understanding of young children’s PSR.     

The Role of Relational Uncertainty in Topic Avoidance among Couples with Depression

To address a key gap in theorizing and research, we consider relational uncertainty as an explanation for why individuals experiencing depressive symptoms may be reluctant to talk about sensitive issues. We report closed-ended online survey data from 126 romantic couples in which one or both partners had been professionally diagnosed with depression. Results indicated that relational uncertainty mediated the positive association between depressive symptoms and topic avoidance. Partner effects from men to women also emerged. These findings are valuable for identifying relational uncertainty as a mechanism that may explain people's unwillingness to discuss challenging topics when they are experiencing depressive symptoms.     

19世纪法国歌剧沿革探微

欧洲19世纪浪漫主义音乐时期是一个极具个性化、风格化的时期，法国歌剧带有这一时期音乐的显著特征。本文就这一时期的历史背景、歌剧的沿革、重要的作曲家等作了简要的介绍，并就浪漫主义音乐中文学与歌剧发展亲密而特殊的关系进行了阐述与分析。     

巴洛克时期与浪漫主义时期大提琴作品风格比较

通过对巴洛克时期大提琴奏鸣曲和浪漫主义时期舒伯特、舒曼的大提琴作品的分析、比较,简要论述了巴洛克时期和浪漫主义时期大提琴作品不同的艺术风格。     

From Love at First Sight to Soul Mate: The Influence of Romantic Ideals in Popular Films on Young People's Beliefs about Relationships

Despite their popularity, few studies have systematically investigated the content of romantic comedy movies or the effects they may have on viewers. We conducted two studies to address this gap. The first study was a content analysis of the romantic ideals embedded in the top 52 highest grossing romantic comedies from the last 10 years. Results demonstrated that romantic ideals and challenges are prevalent in these films. The second study was a large-scale survey of 335 undergraduate students, who were asked to report on their romantic comedy movie viewing and beliefs about romance. Results showed that individuals who watched these films in order to learn reported stronger endorsement of romantic ideal beliefs than those who did not watch to learn.     

The “Mere Presence” Hypothesis: Investigating the Nonverbal Effects of Cell-Phone Presence on Conversation Satisfaction

Prior research has supported the mere presence hypothesis, which suggests that cell phones act as an environmental nuisance that negatively impact the quality of face-to-face interactions. This study conducted an experiment to determine whether cell-phone presence negatively influences conversation satisfaction. Specifically, network member dyads (N = 46) engaged in unstructured conversations where one partner’s cell phone was either absent or present. The results revealed that, whereas the mere presence of a cell phone did not influence conversation satisfaction, individuals’ recollection of whether or not a cell phone was present did significantly negatively impact their pre- to posttest reports of conversation satisfaction. Implications of these findings for research on the mere presence hypothesis as well as directions for future research are discussed.     

Equity,Equality, and Self-Interest in Marital Maintenance

This study investigated the extent to which generalized equity, a reciprocal exchange approach to maintenance (e.g., reward minus costs), and a self-interest approach (e.g., rewards only) were associated with marital satisfaction. An online survey was distributed to 547 heterosexual married individuals. Results supported equity predictions for six maintenance behaviors when using a categorical measure of equity, and for five of the maintenance behaviors when using a linear measure of equity. Counter to predictions, equity and sex did not interact on the use of maintenance. Finally, a combination of equity, reciprocal exchange, and self-interest predicted 57% of the variance in marital satisfaction.     

论卢梭“发现学习”理论中的浪漫主义情怀

“发现学习”理论在卢梭的《爱弥儿》中已经有所体现,由于其倡导的崇尚自然、赞美情感、适应人性的教育宗旨以及优美流畅的写作手法,使得他对“发现学习”的论述闪现着浪漫主义的光辉,其中二者的相融集中体现在“人的发展”中。在我国当代教育发展面临着诸多困境的时候,卢梭“发现学习”理论中的浪漫主义情怀给我们带来了启示。