豫北农村自建房功能性宜居现状与对策

我国农村幅员辽阔,人口较多,经济的持续发展给农民带来收入的增长,而农民一般会将建新房作为大事来办,这也是我国新农村规划和建设的蓝图目标之一:改善居住环境,进而改善外部环境,实现人与环境的和谐共处。在大量的农户自建房调查中,发现由于种种原因,自建房的功能性和居住舒适度并不尽如人意,通过分析其中原因,提出较可行的措施和对策。     

农村配电网节能措施探索与效果分析

本文针对农村配电网的现状,阐述了农村10KV配电网的节能降损措施,并对每项措施进行了深入研究,最后对无功补偿的节能效果进行了分析。     

转型期中国乡村的解读--评贺雪峰先生新著《新乡土中国》

贺雪峰先生的《新乡土中国》是对转型期中国乡村的最好解读。本书成功地把握了当下中国的时代背景，作者不盲从，有社会责任感，以农村调查把握的第一手材料为依据，对农村问题作了深入的思考，提出了许多建设性的意见，本书具有学术上的严谨性，同时，又适合大众的阅读需求，具有较强的可读性。     

农村金融省联社模式改革路径研究——基于演化博弈模型

自2003年各省采用省级联社的农村信用管理制度以来,农村信用的改革方案长期被关注,农村信用管理权主体属于省联社还是金融监管部门是争论焦点。本文通过演化博弈模型分析双方动机、演化规律与均衡,研究表明:均衡依赖于双方的利益成本关系、基层行社的治理水平及风险预期,并且在演化过程中会出现“演化螺旋”的现象,无法通过观察双方短时间内的决策偏好来正确决策,因此更难制定符合均衡需求的改革方案。如无外力引导,改革将造成不必要的社会效率损失和不稳定。     

A mixed-methods analysis of achievement disparities in Guatemalan primary schools

Although most Guatemalan rural students currently have access to primary school, there are large differences in the levels of learning that take place among different populations and in different contexts. This paper uses multiple data and methods to examine the interrelated factors underlying achievement disparities in Guatemalan primary schools. The research suggests that strong levels of disadvantage connected to attending schools in poor rural communities are connected to systematic differences in the way school quality is supported in different contexts. There are inadequate resources, capacity, and authority to monitor and enforce fundamental educational issues, especially in marginal communities.     

Differentiated instruction in small schools

Rural areas in the alpine regions suffer from dwindling student numbers. Differentiated instruction (DI) could help improve the teaching culture by allowing instructors to better adapt to heterogeneous student groups. At the beginning of a combined research and school improvement project, a survey of 162 teachers and 1180 students was conducted to obtain an overview of the types of DI that are currently practiced. In addition, we examined the school conditions that supported the implementation of DI. This cross-sectional study demonstrates a difference in practices between teachers with more- and less-developed DI cultures, and it was determined that team collaboration that includes pedagogical topics enhances teachers' use of DI.     

“边山穷”地区研究生培养模式的初步实践——以吉首大学生态学研究生培养为例

基于对吉首大学生态学硕士点建设和研究生培养体系构建的实践,提出了＂四助—四育—五能推进式＂研究生综合素质与能力培养模式,即通过助研、助教、助管、助宣的一系列工作,加强研究生的政治思想教育、专业教育、创新教育和管理教育,以推进研究生五能（能忍、能想、能说、能写、能做）综合素质的发展。这一模式可为我国其他＂边山穷＂地区生态学及其相关专业硕士点的建设和研究生培养提供参考。     

生态服务型经济的理论与实践

文章试图通过"生态服务型经济"这一模式,将中国城乡二元结构中经济和生态方面的显著差异和内在矛盾统一起来。通过对比北京城镇系统与自然系统的差异,以"生态系统服务"理论为基础,提出城乡之间可以通过交换"生态产品"来进行生态交易。根据享受产品、支持产品和调节产品三类生态产品的特点,可以通过不同方式将生态资源转化为生态产品,并通过附加值交易、生态区交易、碳交易等手段,使其纳入市场运行体系,促进山区农民致富转变和城镇居民生态需求得到满足,从而破解山区经济与生态的矛盾及城乡一体化难题。生态服务型经济将成为北京发展的新亮点,并为我国可持续发展战略和解决城乡一体化问题提供良好的思路和途径。     

The Challenges and Opportunities of Sustaining Volunteer-Based Rural Libraries

ABSTRACT

In an era of rural service decline and population aging, some rural libraries rely on volunteers to keep them open within the community. This paper outlines the challenges of sustaining such volunteer-based rural libraries, drawing on a case study of a volunteer-based library in rural Ontario, Canada. Findings suggest that age of volunteers, volunteer participation, territoriality, branch polarization and the burden of volunteering present challenges in sustaining the volunteer program at the library, yet the library contributes to the community through community engagement, enabling aging in place and through economic development. The paper concludes with recommendations from the case study on how the sustain such a volunteer program.     

图书馆致力于新农村建设的现实意义探究

当前,新农村的精神文化建设势在必行。作为新农村文化建设的重要组成部分,图书馆在新农村建设中扮演着十分重要的角色,发挥着提供知识、巩固教育及提升素养等关键性作用。因此,图书馆若要推动新农村建设的持续性,应采取建设信息共享中心、村校结合、关注特殊群体等措施,让图书馆真正和谐地走进农村。