Compensatory changes in physical activity and sedentary time in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis

Physical activity (PA) is a key element in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) treatment strategies, yet little is known as to whether activity compensation occurs. This study examined whether PA and/or sedentary time on one day were temporally associated with time spent in these intensities the following day in youth with CF. Time spent sedentary and in different PA intensities were objectively-measured for seven consecutive days in 50 youth (22 boys; 12.0 ± 2.7 years); 25 with mild-to-moderate CF and 25 age- and sex-matched controls. Multilevel analyses (day and child) were conducted using generalised linear latent and mixed models. On any given day, every additional 10 minutes spent in sedentary time or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were associated with 1.9 (95%CI: ?3.6 to ?1.2) and 12.4 (95%CI: ?22.1 to ?2.9) minutes less sedentary time the following day, respectively. These temporal associations were also observed when split by group (3.1 vs. 1.9 minutes for healthy and CF, respectively). These findings indicate that youth do not compensate their PA, irrespective of disease status, between days, but may compensate their sedentary time between days. Experimental studies are warranted to fully elucidate whether compensatory responses to PA and sedentary time occur, which is fundamental for informing PA promotion strategies.     

‘Who is zooming who’? A study of young PE-students in their figurations

The article presents an analysis of 93 essays written in an upper secondary school context. The essays were collected in relation to a larger research project, which went on for 5 years in a Danish upper secondary school (2010–2015). The material represents both genders and the students are 15–17 years old. We deploy a theoretical framework taken from Norbert Elias’ notion on established-outsider relations [Elias, N., &; Scotson, J. L. (1994 [1965]). The established and the outsiders. London: SAGE] as well as his use of personal pronouns [Elias, N. (1978). What is sociology? London: Hutchinson, Elias, N. (2001). The society of individuals. New York: The Continuum International Publishing Group] in illustrating how people negotiate, position and navigate within figurational contexts [Elias, N. (1994 [1939]). The civilizing proces. Oxford: Blackwell.]. We do this in an effort to interpret how young people negotiate ‘we-I-relations’ when it comes to their sporting identity. Elias’ processual framework provides a tool for a much needed analysis of how young people continually orientate and develop their sense of selves. The web of human interdependencies and processes of change are key words when it comes to understanding the social practices and doings of the students’ constructions of self-steering. What social scientists may see as laziness and drop-outs of sports [Seippel, Ø. (2016). Prek, vekker og kjedelig? Trening og mening blant ungdom: 1985–2013. In Ø. Seippel, M. K. Sisjord, &; Å Strandbu (Eds.), Ungdom og Idrett. Oslo: Cappelen Damm Akademisk] can in the essays of students be analysed as a struggle for group connectedness and social inclusion in the classroom. The results of our research show that identity is a multiple concept and an ongoing process of emotional work [Elias, N. (1987). On human beings and their emotions: A process-sociological essay. Theory Culture Society, 4, 339–361], but also a power balance of playing and presenting what is imagined as the right performance as not being shamed as outcasts.     

回顾与展望：关于我国青少年体育健康公共服务的述评与研究*

青少年体育健康问题上升国家战略高度。“青少年体育健康公共服务”是一个在青少年体育领域内,由“体育健康”和“体育公共服务”综合而成的全新概念,学界还未深入探讨与挖掘。充分结合“健康管理”理论,基于对“青少年体育健康”和“体育公共服务”相关研究文献的回顾,归纳“青少年体育健康公共服务”内涵与特征。概念特征包括：“学校体育”“青少年体育俱乐部”是核心供给主体;健康医疗等事业、非营利性机构是重要支撑;始终强调青少年受众被动接受“体育健康促进”与主动应用“体育健康素养”相结合;供给产品具有“纯公共物品”性质,公共财政补贴是解决公共服务资源配置矛盾关键方式;“互联网虚拟社区”是实现多元主体协同供给的技术基础与激励条件。最后,基于概念属性展望“青少年体育健康公共服务”的未来研究趋势,包括：开发“运动干预”“心理调试”和“营养膳食”三维评估指标体系;完善“学校”“社区”“医疗部门”“健康管理机构”和“家庭”的协同供给机制;深度开发“青少年体育俱乐部”和“青少年联赛体系”营造“体育健康素养培育”空间;实现“青少年体育健康公共服务”均等化局限,以及加快“青少年体育健康公共服务”互联网平台建设,破解公共服务资源闲置问题。     

松嫩平原农区的经济出路──以黑龙江省双城市东新村为例

我国北方平原农区素以生产粮豆为主，经营十分单一，由于生产成本提高而粮豆价格偏低等诸多因素，农民长期收入水平低下。在市场经济条件下，平原农区的经济出路何在？本文通过典型实例调查，从平原农区的资源特点出发，认为“粮、多、企”协调发展是平原农区经济的可行出路，并提出了这种发展模式的改进途径。     

高校共青团组织如何有效服务大学生就业工作

就业工作无小事,高校共青团组织作为服务青年、引领青年和凝聚青年的群众组织应该在服务大学生就业工作方面发挥积极作用。文章对高校共青团组织在服务大学生就业工作中的优势进行分析,提出其如何服务大学生就业的建议。     

北京市海淀区农村居民点集约利用评价

论文从农村居民点的利用结构、农村居民点利用的充分程度、农村居民点利用的紧凑程度和农村居民点的利用强度4个方面选取了5个指标构建了农村居民点集约利用评价指标体系,并利用2005年北京市农委的普查数据,对海淀区72个农村居民点的集约利用程度进行了评价.研究表明:①现有农村居民点用地中混杂了部分企业用地,农村居民点的集约利用程度可能被低估;②目前,农村人口流动性较大,测算人均农村居民点用地时应使用实际在农村居住的本村和外来人口的总和;③评价的海淀区72个农村居民点中,利用相对集约、一般集约和相对不集约的农村居民点数量分别为23个、33个和16个,平均集约利用评价分值分别为0.71、0.61和0.43;④区域上,海淀区南、北部农村居民点集约利用的评价分值分别为0.63和0.57,南部明显高于北部;海淀北部4镇中,温泉镇农村居民点的集约利用程度最高(评价分值为0.66),其余3个乡镇农村居民点的集约利用程度相差不大.     

体育课满意度与农村初中生心理健康的关系研究

目的：考察农村初中生的心理健康状况以及体育课对农村初中生心理健康的影响．方法：采用《中学生心理健康量表》,对942名农村初中生（男492人,女553人）进行调查。结论：从总均分上看,心理正常者占30．38％,心理轻度异常者占61．48％,中度异常者占7．96％,农村初中生存在轻度心理健康问题者居多;通过检验发现,不同性别的心理健康问题之间存在差异;对学校体育课满意的学生与不满意的学生除在偏执因子上无显著性差异,在其它因子上均存在非常显著性差异。     

兰州市青少年体育舞蹈开展的现状调查与对策研究

随着体育舞蹈运动的逐渐普及,为了促进西部地区青少年体育舞蹈运动的开展,采用访谈、问卷、统计等方法,对兰州市青少年体育舞蹈开展的现状进行了分析与研究,针对教师专业水平较低,组织管理滞后,场地设施和比赛制度不完善等主要影响因素提出了对策。     

我国青少年女子垒球投手肩关节运动的检测分析

通过应用超声波动力学测量仪和等速仪器分别对8名青少年女子垒球投手和8名普通中学生肩关节内、外旋活动范围、内外旋肌力进行测量,探讨青少年女子垒球投手肩关节旋转运动特征。发现垒球投手优势臂的外旋活动范围明显大于非优势臂;而其优势臂的内旋活动范围则显著小于非优势臂,优势臂的整个旋转活动范围也明显比非优势臂小;对照组的优势臂和非优势臂旋转活动范围差异无显著性,垒球投手肩关节存在。内、外旋肌力不平衡,实验组优势臂外旋／内旋峰力矩比值明显小于非优势臂,实验组优势臂内旋相对峰力矩明显大于非优势臂（p〈0．001）,优势臂外旋峰力矩与非优势臂相比无明显差异（P〉0．05）。     

我国青少年女子足球运动员身体素质特征

以参加全国青少年女足冬训的运动员为研究对象,采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法和数理统计法,对我国青少年身体素质的特征进行了分析.研究表明:我国青少年青女子足球运动员身体素质发展的个体差异明显,上肢力量和腰腹肌力量差别较大;对于青少年女子足球运动员身体素质训练的方式比较单一.