Protective effects of photobiomodulation against resistance exercise-induced muscle damage and inflammation in rats

We investigated whether low-level laser therapy (LLLT) prior to or post resistance exercise could attenuate muscle damage and inflammation. Female Wistar rats were assigned to non-LLLT or LLLT groups. An 830-nm DMC Laser Photon III was used to irradiate their hind legs with 2J, 4J, and 8J doses. Irradiations were performed prior to or post (4J) resistance exercise bouts. Resistance exercise consisted of four maximum load climbs. The load work during a resistance exercise bout was similar between Control (non-LLLT, 225 ± 10 g), 2J (215 ± 8 g), 4J (210 ± 9 g), and 8J (226 ± 9 g) groups. Prior LLLT did not induce climbing performance improvement, but exposure to 4J irradiation resulted in lower blood lactate levels post-exercise. The 4J dose decreased creatine kinase and lactic dehydrogenase levels post-exercise regardless of the time of application. Moreover, 4-J irradiation exposure significantly attenuated tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. There was minor macrophage muscle infiltration in 4J-exposed rats. These data indicate that LLLT prior to or post resistance exercise can reduce muscle damage and inflammation, resulting in muscle recovery improvement. We attempted to determine an ideal LLLT dose for suitable results, wherein 4J irradiation exposure showed a significant protective role.     

Mutual point-winning probabilities (MPW): a new performance measure for table tennis

ABSTRACT

We propose a new performance measure for table tennis players: the mutual point-winning probabilities (MPW) as server and receiver. The MPWs quantify a player’s chances to win a point against a given opponent, and hence nicely complement the classical match statistics history between two players. These new quantities are based on a Bradley-Terry-type statistical model taking into account the importance of individual points, since a rally at 8–2 in the first set is less crucial than a rally at the score of 9–9 in the final set. The MPWs hence reveal a player’s strength on his/her service against a given opponent as well as his/her capacity of scoring crucial points. We estimate the MPWs by means of maximum likelihood estimation and show via a Monte Carlo simulation study that our estimation procedure works well. In order to illustrate the MPWs’ versatile use, we have organized two round-robin tournaments of ten respectively eleven table tennis players from the Belgian table tennis federation. We compare the classical final ranking to the ranking based on MPWs, and we highlight how the MPWs shed new light on strengths and weaknesses of the players.     

开源软件商业模式结构化分析

随着开源软件的普及与发展,与之相关的商业模式呈现多样化态势。基于商业模式与软件本身的紧密程度,对11种商业模式进行结构化分析,并将其归纳为四大类:许可证类、直接配套类、间接配套类以及附属产品类。研究表明:(1)直接配套类商业模式的种类比许可证类、间接配套类以及附属产品类均多;(2)企业常采用多种开源软件商业模式的组合策略;(3)不同商业模式所用许可证类别具有很大的差别,大量开源软件逐渐从选择限制性许可证转向宽松许可证。     

优秀水球运动员游动能力与主要关节肌力相关性研究

采用场地测验法、实验室测试法及数理统计法对我国27名优秀水球运动员的游动能力及其主要关节肌群力量进行相关性研究,结果表明:我国优秀水球运动员的400 m速度耐力游动能力与肩关节屈伸肌群力量及其做功能力显著相关,50 m快速游动能力与左肩关节屈伸肌群力量及其做功能力显著相关;50 m快速游动能力与腰腹关节肌群快速动力性工作能力成负相关;膝关节屈伸肌群力量与游动能力无显著相关。     

核心力量训练对提高网球球速的实证研究

运用文献资料法、专家调查法、教学实验法以及数理统计法等方法,对天津体育学院网球运动员的核心力量训练的手段与方法进行了研究。并利用球速实验进行测试,用以评价核心力量训练对专项素质的影响,结果表明,通过核心力量训练,对网球专项训练中的发球球速和正手击球球速都有着一定程度的提高。     

江苏省高校体育培训市场开发的SWOT分析及对策研究

运用现代管理学SWOT分析法,分析江苏省高校体育培训市场所面临的优势、劣势、机会和威胁,进而提出高校体育培训市场开发对策,为江苏省高校体育培训市场开发计划的制定与实施提供理论依据,促进江苏省高校体育培训市场的发展。     

高校体育场馆课余运营现状的调查及SWOT分析——以安徽省部分高校为例

综合运用调查法等研究方法,对安徽省8个地市的32所高校的体育场馆课余运营现状进行调查,并运用管理学的SWOT分析法进行分析。认为高校体育场馆具有资源丰富、价格适中等优势;但服务对象范围狭窄,专业的营销、管理人才稀缺,配套服务项目匮乏,有来自校外不安全因素的影响,面临多种娱乐休闲产业的兴起、社会体育俱乐部增多的运营威胁,针对各种威胁提出了对策。     

强势群体对农民帮扶的可行模式——援建农村图书馆

针对强势群体与弱势群体的收入矛盾,结合农村图书馆建设现状,对所调研农村图书馆数据进行思考,提出强势群体援建农村图书馆的想法,发挥图书馆特殊教化功能,有利于社会的稳定;并分析当前我国援建农村图书馆活动开展的意义以及发展中可能存在的问题,对援建农村图书馆所需内外部环境进行思考,以实现其可持续发展。     

万佛湖风景区休闲旅游发展策略研究

休闲旅游是一种以休闲为主要目的的旅游活动,它强调旅游者的心理体验,是一种能够使旅游者感到放松、闲适和悠然自得的旅游活动。在对万佛湖自身旅游环境和资源条件分析的基础上,通过与周边地区湖泊型旅游景区的比较,文章认为万佛湖风景区可以发展休闲旅游。基于对万佛湖风景区发展休闲旅游的SWOT分析,文章根据分析发现的问题给出了优化休闲度假布局、创优休闲度假环境、推进休闲度假建设、丰富休闲度假内涵、树立休闲度假特色、打响休闲度假品牌、强化休闲度假管理等对策与建议。     

专利战略影响因素的AHP-SWOT分析研究

针对目前专利战略研究中定量与定性分析方法分离的问题,首先利用SWOT分析方法对专利战略因素进行定性分析;其次通过AHP法量化各专利战略因素,计算出各因素的权重值并对其排序,实现定量与定性分析方法的有机结合,使得专利战略因素的分析更为科学、合理;最后基于分析结果,给出专利战略选择：SO战略和WO战略,以期为科学构建专利战略提供思路。