学校体育教育中的学生健康档案问题研究

本文采用文献资料法对我国学校体育教育中的学生健康档案建设的意义及现状进行了研究。认为,建设学生健康档案能够为预防体育伤害事故提供信息,为科学锻炼提供依据,促进学校体育工作的研究与改革;而目前在学生健康档案的建设工作中还存在着建档过程欠规范、档案信息的处理与管理不够科学、体育教师参与建档与利用档案信息程度较低等一系列的问题。     

体育游戏——阳光体育的重要组成部分

本文运用文献资料法、座谈法、对比分析等研究方法,分析了体育游戏的教育优势,论述了阳光体育活动中开展体育游戏的可行性和必要性,建议体育教师本着发展学生素质、增强学生体质的目标,认真钻研体育教材,收集、改编、创编新颖有趣的体育游戏,在课堂内外组织体育游戏的群体活动和竞赛,使这一优秀的传统体育项目在阳光体育运动中充分发挥作用...     

分层教学模式在高中体育教学中的运用

随着现代教育的不断推进,在阳光体育的背景下,体育备受教育部门和学校的关注。本文针对学校体育教学中存在的一些问题,结合学校体育的发展的特点,让分层教学模式走进学校体育的课堂,通过分层教学,打破了传统的"一锅煮"的教学模式,让不同层次的学生通过自己不懈的努力,体育成绩都能得到发展。通过这样的教学模式,不仅把学生的眼球吸引到体育教学的课堂,而且促进学生体育学习的积极性,使得体育课堂活起来,为学生的终身体育学习打下良好的基础。     

The evidence for the impact of policy on physical activity outcomes within the school setting: A systematic review

BackgroundDespite the well-established health benefits of physical activity (PA) for young people (aged 4–19 years), most do not meet PA guidelines. Policies that support PA in schools may be promising, but their impact on PA behavior is poorly understood. The aim of this systematic review was to ascertain the level and type of evidence reported in the international scientific literature for policies within the school setting that contribute directly or indirectly to increasing PA.MethodsThis systematic review is compliant with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Six databases were searched using key concepts of policy, school, evaluation, and PA. Following title and abstract screening of 2323 studies, 25 progressed to data synthesis. Methodological quality was assessed using standardized tools, and the strength of the evidence of policy impact was described based on pre-determined codes: positive, negative, inconclusive, or untested statistically.ResultsEvidence emerged for 9 policy areas that had a direct or indirect effect on PA within the school setting. These were whole school PA policy, physical education, sport/extracurricular PA, classroom-based PA, active breaks/recess, physical environment, shared use agreements, active school transport, and surveillance. The bulk of the evidence was significantly positive (54%), 27% was inconclusive, 9% was significantly negative, and 11% was untested (due to rounding, some numbers add to 99% or 101%). Frequency of evidence was highest in the primary setting (41%), 34% in the secondary setting, and 24% in primary/secondary combined school settings. By policy area, frequency of evidence was highest for sport/extracurricular PA (35%), 17% for physical education, and 12% for whole school PA policy, with evidence for shared use agreements between schools and local communities rarely reported (2%). Comparing relative strength of evidence, the evidence for shared use agreements, though sparse, was 100% positive, while 60% of the evidence for whole school PA policy, 59% of the evidence for sport/extracurricular PA, 57% of the evidence for physical education, 50% of the evidence for PA in classroom, and 50% of the evidence for active breaks/recess were positive.ConclusionThe current evidence base supports the effectiveness of PA policy actions within the school setting but cautions against a “one-size-fits-all” approach and emphasizes the need to examine policy implementation to maximize translation into practice. Greater clarity regarding terminology, measurement, and methods for evaluation of policy interventions is needed.     

从历届比赛分析我国高校开展啦啦队运动的可行性研究

结合我国高校啦啦队开展的现状和项目特点,对我国高校开展啦啦队运动的可行性进行研究。结果表明:高校开展啦啦队运动有利于大学生身体素质的全面发展和社会适应性;高校开展啦啦队运动可进入体育市场运作。     

高校师范生耐力素质状况与地理区域关系调查研究

通过对中国高校师范生耐力素质与地理区域关系的调查研究,揭示中国高校师范生耐力素质状况与地理区域分布规律,结果显示地理区域的分布是影响师范生耐力素质的重要因素之一,不同的地理区域的学生其耐力素质的状况也大不相同。建议各高校的体育教育从学生的生源地的角度出发,结合实际情况,从而达到增强学生耐力素质的目的。     

The ‘yes … but’ dilemma: implementing inclusive education in Emirati primary schools

The Ministry of Education (MOE) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) launched the ‘School for All’ inclusive education initiative in 2010. This article investigates the implementation of this initiative in three primary schools from stakeholders’ perspectives. Using a multiple case study approach, data were collected over a full school year from interviews, observations and documents. Findings revealed uneven progress in five areas: staff training and development, school structures, support services, assistive technology and community awareness. The study identified improved access to mainstream classrooms and growing awareness among stakeholders as emerging good practice. However, serious challenges remain regarding teacher training, exclusionary practices, the lack of specialised support services and misguided policies. This study contributes to the evidence‐based research on inclusion in the UAE with some emphasis on Islamic principles, cultural beliefs and the requirements of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disability in promoting every child's right to an education.     

Busy yet passive: (non-)decision-making in school governing bodies

School governing bodies in England have considerable powers and duties, and their formal role positions them as decision-makers. This article draws on qualitative research in the governing bodies of four maintained schools. Using deliberative democracy as a sensitising concept, the article considers some processes by which decisions are made (or not made) in governing bodies. Without claiming that governors never make decisions, it explores constraints and limitations on their ability to do so. Governors exhibit a paradoxical combination of busy-ness and passivity. On the one hand, governing bodies are constituted and structured around activity and technically decisions were made. On the other, decisions could rarely be attributed to active choices by governors. Rather, their more passive agreement with actions and positions was presented as almost unavoidable ‘common sense’, either due to the national policy context or the headteacher’s presentation of the available options.     

Academic tracking is related to gains in students' intelligence over four years: Evidence from a propensity score matching study

Ability grouping or tracking during secondary schooling is widespread. Previous research shows academic track schools are more successful than non-academic track schools in teaching mathematics, reading and foreign languages. Reasons include a more favorable student composition and higher instructional quality. However, there is less evidence that between track differences are even large enough to differentially affect the students' cognitive development. We used data from a large Hamburg panel study to test this hypothesis (N = 8628). By employing several propensity score matching algorithms we formed parallelized samples of academic track and either non-academic track students or comprehensive school students. After four years of tracking, academic track students showed considerably higher intelligence scores than their counterparts at the non-academic tracks and slightly higher scores than students at the comprehensive schools. Our results underline the importance of a cognitively stimulating learning environment in school to support students' cognitive development.     

Learning (not) to become a teacher: A qualitative analysis of the job entrance issue

Reporting on 12 case studies of student teachers, this paper examines how experiences during teacher education affect graduates’ decision on job entrance. Interpretative data-analysis reveals that powerful sources of the shift in motivation to enter teaching concern interactions in which the person of the teacher is at stake. These mainly involve student teachers’ need to develop a socially recognized sense of professional competence as well as their dealing with social and cultural working conditions in schools. These crucial determinants act as “double-edged swords”, being at the same time important sources for recognition as for self-doubts and loss of job motivation.