Development of perceived competence,tactical skills,motivation, technical skills,and speed and agility in young soccer players

ABSTRACT

The objective of this 1-year, longitudinal study was to examine the development of perceived competence, tactical skills, motivation, technical skills, and speed and agility characteristics of young Finnish soccer players. We also examined associations between latent growth models of perceived competence and other recorded variables. Participants were 288 competitive male soccer players ranging from 12 to 14 years (12.7 ± 0.6) from 16 soccer clubs. Players completed the self-assessments of perceived competence, tactical skills, and motivation, and participated in technical, and speed and agility tests. Results of this study showed that players’ levels of perceived competence, tactical skills, motivation, technical skills, and speed and agility characteristics remained relatively high and stable across the period of 1 year. Positive relationships were found between these levels and changes in perceived competence and motivation, and levels of perceived competence and speed and agility characteristics. Together these results illustrate the multi-dimensional nature of talent development processes in soccer. Moreover, it seems crucial in coaching to support the development of perceived competence and motivation in young soccer players and that it might be even more important in later maturing players.     

试从"自我"角度探求科技人性化之路径

文章初步尝试从人的自我的角度来探求科技人性化之路径:人要着眼于“善”假外物而促动科技的生命化和艺术化,用独立灵明的自我意识监控科技对自我之身心整体及其与外部自然和社会环境的关系过程,以大公大我推动科技在人类内部和谐的基础上发展。     

中国基础研究类高层次科技人才流动特征分析 ——以环境领域为例

探寻我国基础研究类科技人才,尤其是高层次科技人才的流动特征和规律,对于制定我国基础研究类科技 人才发现、培养和发展的政策具有重要意义。本文以环境领域国家杰出青年科学基金获得者为研究对象,对中国该领 域基础研究类高层次科技人才的机构流动和国别流动特征进行分析。基于马斯洛需求理论,进一步对不同动机产生的 人才流动所对应的年龄分布进行探讨,为我国基础研究类高层次科技人才的政策制定提供参考和借鉴。     

Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Motivation: An Approach/Avoidance Reformulation

The main purpose of this article is to advance an alternative perspective on the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and in particular to examine critically the assertion that these processes are antagonistic such that the will to learn for its own sake is inhibited by the presence of extrinsic, tangible rewards and incentives such as school grades. The presumption of an antagonistic relationship largely depends on the theoretical perspective adopted. An alternative interpretation based on need achievement theory leads to distinctly different conclusions. Exploring this new perspective allows one to identify both the conditions under which intrinsic motives may coexist with extrinsic motives as well as to consider some of the means by which intrinsic motives and caring about learning can be stimulated in their own right in school settings.     

由“河堤决口了,洪水冲过来了”说开去

复句中的语义关系既是事物之间客观联系的反映,又是人们主观视角的反映。在事物之间的客观联系保持固定的情况下,人们的主观视角会随着认知需求的变化而变化。表现在复句中,则是适时添加复句关系词。并列范畴转化为因果范畴是人的特定视角的转化,这需要一定的客观条件,同时又必须有一定的认知作为前提。     

科学探究能力在科学教学中的培养

科学探究的方法和过程。既可以使初中生亲身体验到探究的乐趣。经历科学探究活动的过程，又可以使学生逐步提高探究能力，文章从多方面阐述了如何在中学生日常科学教学中。培养学生的科学探究能力。     

论威特罗克的生成学习理论的教学含义

生成学习理论认为：学习是一个主动的过程，学习者积极参与其中，并非被动地接纳信息，而是主动地构建自己对信息的解释，并从中做出推论。该文界定了生成学习理论的含义，介绍了这一理论的生理基础，并指出了生成学习理论对教学设计的指导意义。     

亲社会行为的动机理论

研究者们在广泛吸收有关亲社会行为研究成果的基础上,结合各自多年的研究,提出了多种较为全面、深刻的亲社会行为动机理论,旨在揭示亲社会行为发生发展的心理机制。文章扼要解释了研究者们所提出的亲社会行为的动机理论,并作简要评论。     

高职生学习动力系统及其校域调控与开发的路径选择

学生学习动机不强、兴趣不高是高职教学面临的难题。高职生学习动力产生于一个完整的动力系统,调控与开发学生的学习动力系统具有重要的教学价值。通过高职生学习动力系统的要素激发、教学设计和校域情境影响力合成等路径,可以达到引发动力、增强动力、调节动力和凝聚动力等目的。