Different Disciplines Require Different Motivations for Student Success

This article reports an investigation of undergraduate motivation to learn. A Likert-type rating scale measure of motivation incorporated the general motivational dimensions identified by previous investigators, as well as a systematic theoretical framework that is more novel, and attempts to acknowledge the role of discipline-specific factors in motivation to learn. The motivation questionnaire was evaluated by measuring its success in explaining the academic achievement of biology, history, computing, planning, anthropology, geology, food science and nutrition, and education students (n = 380) in standard university assessments. The findings reveal that student performance is better explained by within- than across-discipline indexes of motivation, probably because some types of motivation lead to success in some disciplines but failure in others. Furthermore, items based on the theoretical framework developed to underpin the questionnaire (which distinguishes outcome from process incentives) were also found to explain more variation in student performance than general motivation items. Some practical implications of the findings are considered.     

工作激励理论研究综述

为了获知如何按照组织设定的责任去激励员工履行职责,工作激励越来越成为人力资源管理理论研究和实践所关注的重要课题。本文从激励的定义、激励的需求理论、激励的过程理论、激励的行为取向、激励理论的整合几个研究角度总结归纳并讨论,进而促进更深入的研究、应用和发展。     

英语学习动机与高职高专英语口语教学

通过问卷调查的形式,对高职高专学生英语口语学习动机进行分析,探索如何通过激发学生的学习动机,促进学生学习英语口语的积极性,从而有效地提高英语口语教学水平。     

《孙子兵法》对企业商战的启迪

从当前我国企业面对国内国际竞争形势的十个方面,即企业战略、市场开拓、掌握市场竞争主动权、适应市场变化、居安思危、造势、企业领导人素质要求、领导艺术与团结职工等方面通过改革开放以来一些企业成败案例分析,联系《孙子兵法》中阐述的一些观点,可以清楚地看到孙子的光辉思想在今天对指导市场竞争、提高企业素质的点化作用与现实意义。     

关于儿童欺负行为研究的思考

儿童欺负行为主要发生在校园或者以校园为媒介的社交群体内,是一种常见的校园不良行为,并有可能发展为校园暴力。对欺负行为及其动机进行分析,培养儿童健康人格,采取科学教养方式,加强正面教育是对欺负行为进行有效干预的重要途径。     

齐国兵学文化与《孙子兵法》

齐国大地军事家辈出,兵法著作内容宏富,孙武生长于泱泱大国的古老齐国,齐国是中国的兵学发源地,先秦的主要兵书出自齐地,孙武的兵学思想上承源远流长的齐国兵学传统流脉,深深承受于地域文明滋养,深深打上了齐文化的印痕。在中国兵学发展历史上,从姜尚到孙武再到其后的孙膑,形成了源远流长而又一脉相承的齐国兵学文化传统。     

汉语词的理据特点

汉语词的理据包括意味形式和内在形式两大类。其中内在形式理据是主流，具有意合性特点。本文通过实例对汉语词的理据特点及其理论和实践意义进行了描述。     

学生学习英语的动机研究

动机是激励人去行动的内部动因和力量,高中学生正处于生理、心理成熟期。强化高中学生英语学习动机,可以提高教学效果,本文调查分析了高中学生英语学习动机,并从培养学生乐于语言学习等方面,提出了几点教学对策。     

Can research on science learning and instruction inform standards for science education?

We contrast the current science education reform effort with the reforms of the 1960s and suggest how the current effort could be enhanced. We identify insights from recent research that we believe can inform the reform process, in particular, to reach all science students and also impart a cohesive view of science. We propose an alternative models view of scientific explanation and show how this view would contribute to reforms of (1) course goals, (2) social aspects of science learning, (3) instructional practices, and (4) roles for technology.This paper summarizes discussions and debates that the authors have had over the last few years. The dialogue stems, in part, from our joint participation in the American Educational Research Association Special Interest Group on Education in Science and Technology (AERA SIG:EST) leadership. This paper communicates the spirit of our thinking and does not necessarily reflect the view of SIG:EST, or any other organization.We gratefully acknowledge the support of National Science Foundation Grant MDR-9253462 in work related to this paper. We appreciate helpful comments from Eileen Lewis and the Computer as Learning Partner group.This material is based upon research supported by the National Science Foundation under grant RED-9155744. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.