图书馆和谐发展畅想

分析了图书馆要实现和谐发展,应该以科学发展观为指导,从构建学习型组织和节能型组织入手,逐渐实现图书馆的全面、协调和可持续发展.     

偏远地区高校学生大学英语自主学习能力培养探究

大学英语自主学习是大学生英语学习的一种很有效的学习方式,而自主学习能力的培养是大学英语教学的培养目标之一,它对缓解大学英语教学的诸多矛盾起到重要作用。以自主学习理论为指导,立足偏远地区高校的实际情况,探究偏远地区高校学生大学英语自主学习能力培养的可行性,对提高该类高校学生大学英语学习成绩将起到促进作用。     

A Geohistorical Study of ‘The Rise of Modern Science’: Mapping Scientific Practice Through Urban Networks, 1500–1900

Using data on the ‘career’ paths of one thousand ‘leading scientists’ from 1450 to 1900, what is conventionally called the ‘rise of modern science’ is mapped as a changing geography of scientific practice in urban networks. Four distinctive networks of scientific practice are identified. A primate network centred on Padua and central and northern Italy in the sixteenth century expands across the Alps to become a polycentric network in the seventeenth century, which in turn dissipates into a weak polycentric network in the eighteenth century. The nineteenth century marks a huge change of scale as a primate network centred on Berlin and dominated by German-speaking universities. These geographies are interpreted as core-producing processes in Wallerstein’s modern world-system; the rise of modern scientific practice is central to the development of structures of knowledge that relate to, but do not mirror, material changes in the system.

The Joint Establishment of the World Federation of Scientific Workers and of UNESCO After World War II

The World Federation of Scientific Workers (WFScW) and UNESCO share roots in the Social Relations of Science (SRS) movements and in the Franco-British scientific relations which developed in the 1930s. In this historical context (the Great Depression, the rise of Fascism and the Nazi use of science, the social and intellectual fascination for the USSR), a new model of scientific internationalism emerged, where science and politics mixed. Many progressive scientists were involved in the war efforts against Nazism, and tried to prolong their international commitments into peacetime. They contributed to the establishment of the WFScW and of UNESCO in 1945–1946. Neither the WFScW nor UNESCO succeeded in achieving their initial aims. Another world emerged from the immediate post-war years, but it was not the world fancied by the progressive scientists from the mould of scientific internationalism. The aim of this article is to follow the path from the Franco-British networks towards the establishment of the WFScW and UNESCO; from an ideological scientific internationalism towards practical projects. It is to understand how these two bodies came to embody two different scientific internationalisms during the Cold War.

我国开放式运动技能研究现状及展望

运用文献资料法对近年来我国开放式运动技能研究的相关文献进行整理分析.指出,开放式运动技能研究在我国起步晚、重视程度不高,实践研究水平跟不上理论研究水平;理论研究主要以心理学和生理学为研究角度;实验研究主要集中在篮、网、足等少数项目,研究的深度、专门性和针对性都不够,评价系统不完善.认为,未来研究将深入竞技体育、学校体育、群众体育中,针对不同训练对象、不同训练目的对具体项目的训练原则、方法、手段及评价体系进行研究.     

The Impact of an Erasmus Placement in Students’ Perception of their Intercultural Communicative Competence

Pre- and post-questionnaires answered by UK Nottingham Trent University (NTU) and Spain’s University of Salamanca (USAL) students on their placement abroad support a comparative analysis of its impact on their intercultural communicative competence, comprising the awareness, attitude, skills and knowledge dimensions. NTU students started their placements with better results in them all. Yet, while both groups completed their stay with a similarly increased awareness, the knowledge and skills of the USAL group matched the results of NTU students and, whereas the scores of the attitude dimension towards the host country of NTU students did not increase significantly, those of USAL students decreased.     

基于Universum学习的核聚类方法

为解决原始核聚类(Kernel Clustering, KC)中模式信息不足、聚类结果不佳的缺点,以KC为基础,利用Universum学习带来的优势,提出基于Universum学习的核聚类(Universum learning based Kernel Clustering, UKC)方法.首先利用Universum学习生成相应的Universum模式,再利用KC算法把数据集分割成多个簇,最后利用每个簇中所包含的Universum模式和训练模式来更新该簇,从而使得这些簇更加合理.实验表明,该算法可以更好地改善聚类效果和分类器的分类性能、泛化能力和计算效率.虽然该方法的步骤比KC多,但是其较好的聚类性能可以帮助人们处理分类问题.     

化学教学中的合作学习及合作意识、能力培养

合作学习是以生生互动为主要途径促进学生学习的教学活动和学习策略。结合我国基础教育改革的发展和新课程标准的实施,从合作学习的基本理念入手,探索在化学课堂教学、化学实验教学、课外学习的活动中引导学生学会尊重与欣赏,培养自信心与团队精神,营造合作学习氛围,创设实验条件,增加课外实验,深入社会实际生活,实施合作学习,培养合作意识和合作能力。通过对教学评价的调整,实现教学评价的科学化,提高学生对合作的内涵和价值的认识,促进合作意识的形成。     

幼儿学习过程中的教师教育行为研究

教师的教育行为作为教师素质的重要组成部分,是考察教师教育观念的重要维度与指标,也是教师教育能力、教育态度等的重要表现。本研究在对教师教育行为的内涵进行明确界定的基础上,综合运用访谈、观察、问卷、资料分析等多种方法,对幼儿学习过程中教师的教育行为进行了详细分析,并揭示了教师教育行为具有稳定性,重知识、规则性,控制性以及情境性的特征。     

论英语学习自主性在不同教育形式中的作用

随着科学技术的飞速发展和信息化时代的到来,要求人们必须树立终身学习的思想。本文针对我国不同教育形式并存的现象,主要探讨了自主学习在不同教育形式中的作用及英语学习自主能力的培养模式。