拳击的运动损伤预防与恢复

运动损伤的预防与救护对于运动员意义重大。文中从分析拳击运动损伤的原因、类型,并根据自己多年从事比赛,训练的经验提出针对性的预防措施救治方法,为运动员及教练员的训练提供一定的参考。     

环境侵权精神损害赔偿自然人权利主体类型化探析

人类赖以生存的环境蕴涵着巨大的精神利益,这些利益理应为每个人所享有.探讨环境侵权精神损害赔偿自然人权利主体的类型化,既是对人获得良好生存环境和精神享受利益的关注,也是完善环境保护法与精神损害赔偿制度的重要方面.环境的污染和破坏必将损害人的环境性精神利益,从更全面地维护人获得良好生存环境和精神享受利益的角度看,环境侵权精神损害赔偿的权利主体应是自然人而非公民.将权利主体类型化为直接受害人与间接受害人,并探讨尚有争议的一些特殊群体,如第三人、后代人及胎儿、欠缺感知能力者等在其中的地位,将符合法理的纳入权利主体范围.     

Application of nonlinear fatigue damage models in power electronic module wirebond structure under various amplitude loadings

This paper presents mean fatigue lifetime predic- tion of a wire-bond structure model in power electronic module using a failure physics approach that integrates high fidelity modelling and reduced order modelling. Loading current with variable amplitudes is applied to a finite element model of simplified wirebond structures. The resulting accumulated fatigue damage due to random loads is predicted by using reduced order modelling based on failure physics, a cycle counting algorithm, and various nonlinear fatigue damage models widely used in the literature. The reduced order mod- elling approach based on failure physics uses prediction data for the electro-thermo-mechanical behaviour of the wire-bond design of a power module obtained through non-linear transient finite element simulations, in particular for the fatigue life-time of the aluminium wire attached to the silicon chip of the wire in the module. The reduced order models that capture the black box function of the accumulated plastic strain are used in pre- dicting the mean fatigue life time of the wire bond structure under random loads. One of the widely used cycle counting algorithms, rainflow counting algorithm, is used to count cycles of the temperature profile at the specific point of the wire bond structure in a power electronic module. The cycle data from the rainflow algorithm mean life time of the wire bond structure are predicted with various cumulative fatigue models. Non-linear cumulative fatigue models such as damage curve approach （DCA）, double linear damage rule （DLDR）, and double dam- age curve approach （DDCA）, and linear cumulative fatigue damage model such as Palmgren-Miner rule are used to predict the mean fatigue life of the wire bond structure, and the results are compared.     

论砼框架结构抗震设计

在砼框架结构抗震设计中,应充分考虑地震的破坏作用,合理设定抗震目标,满足设计的基本要求,采用科学的设计方法,建立有效的抗震机制。     

H型钢柱的线性梁柱抗震屈服相关性分析

目前钢柱结构设计中主要采用H型钢柱为主要建材,尽管在一定程度上能够节约钢材,但是钢柱作为工程的重要材料,在历次较大的地震中均有不同范围、不同程度的损坏。H型钢柱建材无法在地震作用下保持柱子的轴力不变,造成H型钢柱的弹塑性下降,降低了建筑的安全性,影响了工程建材性能的发挥。为此,提出H型钢柱的线性梁柱单元动力弹塑性与抗震屈服相关性分析,将H型钢柱的线性梁柱通过弯矩作用于切面平面内,建立对比柱以获得轧制H型钢柱抗震性能的参考数据。从而对H型钢柱的线性梁柱单元动力弹塑性与抗震屈服进行系统分析。根据模型数据进行仿真实验,仿真实验表明,建材所受弯矩越大,切面塑性的区域就越大,H型钢柱的弹塑性与抗震屈服效果就越强。通过分析计算切面H型钢柱,且造价比较低,承载能力比较高,使其可提供一个较高的强度与自重比,使H型钢柱得到更广泛的应用。     

Validation of non-destructive characterization of the structure and seismic damage propagation of plaster and texture in multi-leaf stone masonry walls of cultural-artistic value

Assessment of multi-leaf stone masonry in earthquake-prone areas is mostly related to the evaluation of its texture, morphology, leaf detachment and structural cracking due to previous seismic activity, as well as disintegration due to material deterioration. For the plastered masonry with heritage or artistic value (paintings, frescoes etc.), both the type of structure and the extent of damage should be characterized with minimal interference to the structure, which could be overcome solely by non-destructive testing (NDT). However, due to the complexity of plastered multi-leaf masonry structure, the performance of well-known NDT methods could be significantly worsened. Therefore, as a prerequisite for applying NDT on multi-leaf stone masonry in practice, a validation process should be carried out. In this study, complementary ground penetrating radar (GPR) and infrared (IR) thermography measurements on plastered laboratory three-leaf stone masonry walls were performed. Apart from assessing the wall texture and morphology with the type of connection between the leaves, detection of gradual plaster delamination and crack propagation while subjecting the walls to an in-plane cyclic shear test was taken into account. The results showed that GPR could successfully visualize header stones passing through the whole depth of the specimen. The masonry texture behind the plaster could be well resolved by both methods, although GPR near-field effects worsened its localisation. For the detection of plaster delamination, IR thermography outperformed GPR by detecting delamination as small as 2 mm as well as structural crack patterns, whereas GPR only detected delamination larger than 8 mm. It was shown that the performance of both methods for defect detection could be further improved by image fusion based on unsupervised clustering methods.     

页岩气地震勘探技术研究

本文讲述了对页岩气的基本认识,并对其存在特点、应用价值进行了概述。结合国内外近年来在页岩气领域的勘探开发现状,提出了地震勘探技术在页岩气勘探时应着重解决的几个方面,即寻找页岩区构造,页岩层储层标定,页岩的厚度和埋深,并利用地震属性技术对页岩气敏感属性进行优选、分析和提取,最终实现对页岩气＂甜点＂的预测。     

砼框架结构抗震设计中浅基础设计探讨

砼框架结构抗震设计中浅基础的设计是众值烈度(多遇烈度)下的弹性基础设计,多遇地震作用均应参与组合,柱根设计内力为众值烈度(多烈度)下处于弹性状态时,最不利组合内力经内力调整设计的延性框架柱根内力,浅基础的设计按弹性基础设计时不需要考虑基础的延性要求,设计计算应遵循地基基础抗震设计原则,满足地基基础抗震设计要求。     

浅谈高压架空供电线路常见故障及分析

本文介绍了高压架空供电线路常见故障的分类和影响因素,对故障形成的原因以及对线路造成的影响进行分析。提出相应故障的防治措施,简介故障测距的方法和原理。在了解架空线路故障形成的基础上,配合线路故障地域性、季节性的特点,就能因地制宜地制定出线路运行维护措施和方法,通过提前预防降低故障的发生率。     

浅淡民国文献的抢救与保护

民国时期出版的文献是一批非常重要的文献,其思想文化价值不在善本古籍之下。但是,由于民国时期的造纸状况和现代人对民国文献保护的意识不强,造成了民国文献的酸化和老化损毁状况极为严重。因此,加强对民国文献的抢救与保护具有十分重要的意义。本文旨在为民国文献的保护提出自己的一点见解,以供同行参考。