时距认知的年龄差异

年龄是影响时距认知的一个重要因素。基于时间认知的信息加工模型。通过对时距估计和时距辨别两种任务条件下的有关年龄差异研究的回顾，发现虽然相关的研究结果没有确定的结论。但年老被试在时距加工的准确性和变异性上与年轻被试存在显著的差异。由于研究中所采用的时距长度、任务不同，内部时钟频率、注意和记忆都可能导致时距认知上的年龄差异。现代脑成像技术可为研究时距认知年龄差异的机制提供有效的手段。     

Cads,Dads, and Magazines: Women's Sexual Preferences and Articles about Sex and Relationships

The framing of sexual content in women's magazines reflect two different approaches to the selection of a romantic partner: the selection of (a) a stable partner for a long-term relationship vs. (b) an attractive rogue for a fling. The effects of such framing on women's partner preferences were explored in this laboratory experiment. Women with different relationship goals were randomly assigned to read an article from a women's lifestyle magazine (Cosmopolitan) that framed sex in either relational or recreational terms before completing explicit and implicit measures of partner trait preferences. Article frame did affect the importance of appearance-related traits in a potential romantic partner as well as implicit preferences for frame-consistent partner traits. Results are discussed in terms of media framing effects.     

论高职院校学生性健康教育

中国传统性观念和西方“性解放”和“性自由”的思想之间存在的差异。高职学校的性健康教育已经越来越受到来自社会各界的广泛关注．但是在针对学生性健康教育方面却是相对滞后。如何做好高职学生性健康教育将是本文重点论述的问题。     

《黄色糊墙纸》:一部女权主义的力作

《黄色糊墙纸》是美国女权主义先驱兼作家吉尔曼的短篇小说代表作。小说揭露了性别歧视和压迫,批判了不平等的夫妻关系,表达了提高妇女经济地位的思想;批判了男性对女性的文化压迫,提出了女性写作和建立女性话语的课题;回顾了妇女解放斗争的历史,提出了男女两性互相理解、共同努力以消除性别压迫的设想,堪称一部女权主义短篇小说经典。     

英汉传统文化中的性别歧视现象

性别歧视是一种历史文化现象,它渗透在社会生活的各个方面。文章对英汉传统文化所反映出的性别歧视现象及其在称谓语、词汇和宗教信仰中的体现作了探讨和比较,阐明了社会角色中的男女在不同文化中的期望值。     

Self-reported adverse childhood experiences and quality of life among children in the two last grades of Dutch elementary education

BackgroundAdverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) may have a life-long impact on mental health and are related to physical disease, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. Research on ACEs suffers from recall bias when performed with adults.ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of ACEs and the interrelationships between ACEs as reported by children, and to determine the impact on their self-reported quality of life (QoL). Children’s opinions on the ACE-Questionnaire were also obtained.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted with a child version of the ACE-Questionnaire. This questionnaire assesses parental separation or divorce, physical and emotional child abuse and neglect, sexual violence, domestic violence, household substance abuse, psychological issues or suicide, and incarceration of a household member. QoL was measured with the Kidscreen-10.Participants and settingThe questionnaire was completed by 644 children at a mean age of 11 years (range 9–13 years), in the two last grades of regular elementary schools, recruited throughout the Netherlands.ResultsData were weighted by ethnicity to obtain a representative sample of children in Dutch elementary education. Of all children, 45.3% had one or more out of ten ACEs. Child maltreatment was experienced by 26.4%. ACEs often co-occurred. A higher number of ACEs correlated with a lower mean level of QoL (p < 0.001). Mean QoL was 8.5 points lower (Cohen’s d = 0.8) in children who experienced child maltreatment. Children’s opinions on the questionnaire were positive in 82.4%.ConclusionPrevention of ACEs, professional training and trauma-focus in schools are urgently needed.     

Association between child sexual abuse and infectious disease diagnoses

BackgroundThough many studies have linked child sexual abuse (CSA) to psychological health problems, little is known regarding the relationship between CSA and children and adolescents’ physical health.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the relationship between CSA and infectious disease diagnoses.ParticipantsOf the 955 eligible children and adolescents who had a substantiated report of sexual abuse between 2001 and 2010, medical data was retrieved for 882 individuals, who formed the sexually abused group. These 882 participants were matched to 882 participants on age, gender, and administrative healthcare region to form the general population group.Setting and methodsThis matched-cohort study, conducted in a large Canadian city, compared the number of infectious disease diagnoses between the date of the substantiated sexual abuse report and August 1, 2013, between the two groups.ResultsResults indicate that sexually abused participants had 1.27 times more (95% CI – 1.13 to 1.42) infectious diseases diagnoses than those from the general population. They received 1.83 times more genitourinary infection diagnoses (95% CI – 1.43 to 2.33), 1.31 times more diagnoses for other types of infections (95% CI – 1.11 to 1.55) and 1.21 times more respiratory and ear infection diagnoses (95% CI – 1.05 to 1.40). There was no statistically significant difference regarding skin infection diagnoses. These results indicate an association between CSA and more frequent infectious diseases diagnoses.     

基于当代美语语料库辨析英语同义词Provide和Supply

同义词是英语词汇中一个很大的组成部分,因此同义词辨析也一直是困扰着英语学习者以及教学者的一个难题。表达"提供"的一组英语同义词provide和supply就是其中之一。电子语料库作为一种新兴的英语学习与教学方法,可以为英语学习者提供一个更加有效的辨析英语同义词的途径。作为一个紧跟潮流的大型语料库,当代美语语料库(COCA)能够从类联接和搭配两个方面为英语同义词provide和supply的辨析提供科学的数据支持,让英语同义词辨析更加精确化与科学化,也更具说服力     

王通及其《文中子》辨析

在历代有关《文中子》研究的基础上,从王通其人其书两个侧面对其真伪问题进行辨正,并以《文中子》及其附录部分内容失实的内在原因,告喻人们应当妥善处理纷繁复杂的史料,整体把握全书的精神实质,而不应以偏概全,一叶蔽目。     

Perspectives on HIV/AIDS stigma and discrimination: voices of some young people in Ghana

This paper examines Ghanaian young people's perceptions of the determinants of HIV- and AIDS-related stigma and discrimination, and how these perceptions may influence the de-stigmatisation process. Drawing on findings from an in-depth, multi-method qualitative study involving 104 school and street young people aged between 14 and 19 years, the paper presents young people's accounts of HIV and AIDS. The paper provokes discussion on how language and images associated with existing educational programmes on HIV and AIDS place young people in a dilemma. It also argues that fear and secrecy associated with the disease not only consolidate stigmatisation and discrimination, but also create the desire for retribution. It concludes by challenging health educators to pay particular attention to the language and images used in future educational programmes.