Introduction to the special issue on genes, environment, and reading

This introduction to the special issue on Genes, Environment, and Reading presents an overview of the background for behavior- and molecular-genetic research on dyslexia and individual differences across the normal range. The general methods, questions addressed, and selected results are summarized for each of the papers in the order of their presentation in the special issue. Concluding comments reflect on the influence of environmental range on estimates of genetic and environmental influences, and the future of behavior- and molecular-genetic research on reading.     

新时代公共图书馆服务与建设创新的重点和难点

[目的/意义]新时代背景下,研究公共图书馆的根本任务、发展方向和重点难点等问题,对于推进图书馆事业变革,提升图书馆社会影响力具有重要意义。《公共图书馆法》将服务全民阅读定为公共图书馆的重要任务,指明新时代公共图书馆服务与建设创新的发展方向。[研究设计/方法]结合近两年多家机构发布的统计数据以及多个典型案例横向对比。[结论/发现]分析发现公共图书馆持证率、覆盖率和阅读率的现状和存在的问题。[创新/价值]认为提升持证率、覆盖率和阅读率是公共图书馆创新的重点和难点,更是公共图书馆提升社会影响力的关键。     

社会力量参与全民阅读的制度保障比较研究

社会力量参与全民阅读需要健全的制度予以保障。本文采用文献调研、政策文本分析、对比研究等方法,从国内外现存社会力量参与全民阅读的制度保障研究入手,通过分析美国、德国等发达国家全民阅读制度保障及我国已有制度,提出加快出台全民阅读促进法、完善社会力量参与儿童阅读的制度保障、促进社会力量合作和连接的融合发展机制、激励社会力量参与阅读扶贫,构建全民阅读制度保障体系。     

"但得众生皆得饱,不辞羸病卧残阳"——评语文教育、文章及阅读学"三栖学者"曾祥芹教授教学思想

本文梳理和总结了当代知名学者曾祥芹教授在语文教育学、文章学、阅读学三个领域的斐然成果,尤其是从无到有地建构“汉文阅读学”的具体建树,指出其学术研究的内在动力和精神特质是“学以致用”及“知行合一”,其治学毅力和创新品质,值得当代学术界大力弘扬。     

基于5W1H分析的公共图书馆大字本图书阅读推广服务探究

大字本图书是低视力人群重要的信息来源和学习资源,公共图书馆作为大字本图书主要的馆藏地,肩负着大字本图书阅读推广服务的重要职责。通过5W1H分析法,提出公共图书馆大字本图书阅读推广服务对策,包括服务时间、地点的选择、服务团队的建设以及服务方法等,以期对公共图书馆开展大字本图书阅读推广服务有所帮助。     

高校原典精读课教学中的师生互动——语言学精读课教学方法探索

本文就近年来复旦大学开设的"《普通语言学教程》精读"、"《语言论》精读"两门课程的教学实践,探讨高校原典精读课程多层次师生互动的教学方法.     

Phonological processing and emergent literacy in younger and older preschool children

Phonological awareness, phonological memory, and phonological access to lexical storage play important roles in acquiring literacy. We examined the convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity of these phonological processing abilities (PPA) in 389 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the validity of each PPA as separate from general cognitive ability and separate from each other. Multigroup structural equation modeling (SEM) with mean structure demonstrated that older preschoolers have better developed latent PPA than younger preschoolers but that the structure of PPA is equivalent. RAN was found uniquely associated with letter knowledge and text discrimination in younger preschoolers, and PA was found uniquely associated with word reading skills in older preschoolers. Finally, general cognitive ability was only indirectly associated with emergent literacy via PPA. These results highlight the importance of PPA in the early literacy development of English-speaking preschool children.     

中小学生经典阅读现状及对策研究

在时代语境和大众文化背景下,经典阅读在中小学生中备受冷落,这既有外在的大众文化冲击,教育环境的影响,学校、家庭引导上的不足,也有经典文本自身的原因。基于此,要想改变现状,需要从改变阅读环境、提高教师素质、培养阅读兴趣等多方面做出努力。     

Longitudinal predictors of reading comprehension in French at first grade: Unpacking the oral comprehension component of the simple view

According to the simple view of reading (SVR), reading comprehension relies on “decoding” (pseudoword, word reading) and “oral comprehension” skills. Testing 556 French pupils, we aimed at unpacking these two components and tracking their longitudinal development in first grade. We have found that: (1) lower level language skills (vocabulary, syntax) and discourse skills (oral text comprehension) emerged as two dimensions of “oral comprehension”; (2) lower level language skills longitudinally predicted reading comprehension outcomes, above code-related skills; (3) decoding precursors (letter knowledge, naming speed and phonemic awareness) predicted reading comprehension directly, and indirectly, through decoding skills (pseudoword, word reading, text reading fluency); (4) Oral comprehension skills did not favour the development of decoding. Our results support the independency of the SVR components. However, we suggest that a more fine-grained conceptualisation of oral comprehension skills would help to better understand the individual and pedagogical factors influencing the early development of reading comprehension.