The potential role of citizen conservation in re-shaping approaches to murals in an urban context

Public visual spaces, populated by a blend of community murals, unauthorised street art, and historic painted mercantile signs, are often the mark of an urban environment that is both progressive and eclectic. Changes in the aesthetic and cultural value of these urban mural forms have led to an increase in the appreciation and, in some instances, promotion of their artistic merit and cultural significance as examples of public art. However, examining the significance of these works, with a view to implementing a conservation approach is problematic. This is due to a number of practical and theoretical considerations that are primarily a result of the ephemeral existence of urban murals outside conventional exhibition spaces, and issues associated with their often fragmented ownership and uncertain authorship. Consequently, larger thinking on the interpretation, conservation assessment, and advocacy for the conservation of urban murals are required. Key to defining and implementing such strategies is contextualising the public visual spaces that these murals occupy and, as part of this, the local and wider communities’ perception of these murals as culturally significant objects as well as fostering awareness and understanding of appropriate measures aimed at their conservation. This paper examines the role of citizen science, or crowd-sourcing, of local community members in establishing a conservation dialogue and generating conservation- relevant data on urban murals. It looks specifically at a project involving a collection of in situ historic painted mercantile signs — also known as ghost signs — in the City of Port Phillip, Melbourne, Australia. The project fostered the establishment of an informed and open dialogue between conservation specialists and participants from the local community on the significance of local ghost signs whilst transferring knowledge on conservation processes and assessment methods. Working directly with community members, a programme was designed in which conservation and community knowledge of these urban art forms, could be collected and exchanged across digital platforms. This enabled researchers to examine how citizen science can be utilised as a research tool as well as a means to advocate for the conservation of collections of urban murals. It created the opportunity to consider the role of non-specialists and shared authorities in the collection and collation of conservation- relevant data and how information generated from what we call citizen conservation projects, can inform the way in which conservators evaluate and prioritize the conservation of urban cultural heritage. The data gathered and interpreted proved to be the most effective means of ‘conserving’ these often ephemeral forms of cultural material.     

知识融合:概念辨析与界说

[目的/意义] 知识融合是一个随技术环境和社会环境不断发展变化的概念,并可应用于多个学科领域,然而目前学术领域对知识融合的概念界定还缺少一致的理解,对其进行辨析有利于推动后续研究。[方法/过程] 通过充分调研和分析,在理论和实践层面汲取以往研究中的观点和成果,一方面选取不同时期和不同领域的知识融合概念的典型表述,并分别提取“处理对象”“融合过程”以及“融合结果”3个关键要素;另一方面通过知识融合系统体系架构的剖析来进一步明确知识融合的研究范畴与边界。[结果/结论] 综合概括得到一个相对完整的知识融合概念定义,并从流程角度对知识融合概念进行分解。     

谈谈图形计算器对我国数学教育的影响

图形计算器，作为新一代数学学习工具在我国的引入将带来数学教育的深刻变化，这些变化包括观念，课程，教学过程和教育理论等的变化，对图形计算器（其其它教育技术）所提供的新的教学环境认识的迟钝，将滞后我国旨在建立全面关注学生发展的教学教育改革，图形计算器的使用，将使传统教学方式面临真正的挑战。     

在远程网络教程编制中关于有效教学策略的应用

随着利用 Internet进行远程教育的日渐深入 ,网络教学资源的开发与利用显得越来越重要。本文以高师《公共心理学》网上教程为例 ,从信息的组织结构、内容的表现、支持自主学习的策略等几方面 ,探讨了在远程网络教程编制中有效教学策略的应用     

论艺术传播的效果

我们生活在一个传播的世界里,一方面接受着来自各种各样渠道的纷繁复杂的信息,一方面又以各种方式传播着各式各样的信息。历史经验告诉我们,传播的行为是伴随着人类而诞生的,对传播现象的关注和思考,从人类传播活动的初始便从未停止过。而传播效果作为传播学极其关键的一环,对它的研究可以说与传播学研究的历史一样长。作为表现人类精神世界美的艺术,其发展自然离不开传播,离不开专属于艺术的传播效果的研究。本文以传播效果的理论为基础,按照艺术传播活动的构成因素,从宏观上把握艺术的传播属性,着重分析研究艺术传播效果的诸理论、具体表现形式以及影响艺术传播效果的内外在因素,以期能提高艺术的传播效果、加强艺术传播学研究和学科的建设。     

正整数的似二进制表示及其性质

本文论述了正整数的似二进制表示及其性质。     

具有弱单位元的Riesz空间的表示定理之注记

基于前文《Ｒｉｅｓｚ同构于Ｃ（Ｘ）（Ｘ为某一完全正则空间）的Ｒｉｅｓｚ空间的特征》的主要结果，得到一个代数推广，并且研究了在主要结果中使用的一些条件的关系。     

一种医疗诊断专家系统的设计与实现

针对目前公众自行购买非处方药治疗常见轻微疾病的过程中存在的问题,提出了开发基于Web的常见疾病自我诊断系统。该系统采用带有可信度的产生式规则表示法来表示常见病诊断知识,采用正反向混合推理模式,通过可信度的传递以及结论阈值的设定,实现了疾病诊断的数字化。经测试,系统诊断准确度达83%。本系统对完善常见病诊断方式、指导公众安全使用非处方药具有积极的作用。     

曹氏归义军初期敦煌洞窟营建中折射出的价值观——以莫高窟第98窟为例

莫高窟第98窟是曹氏归义军时期极具代表性和典型性的一所大窟,该窟表现出的现实意味尤为强烈,如供养人像数量众多、涵盖广泛、人物鲜活、身量高大、详列职衔,与之相比窟中诸佛、菩萨造像偏小,神性消退而人性崛起等,所有这些现象都是窟主政治理想和人生哲学的真实反映。从发愿、示愿和现愿三个层次看,曹氏归义军初期洞窟的营建有一个很重要的功能就是要向政权内外充分展示自己的政治抱负、执政理念、外交方略、治理路径和安邦之策,发愿直白,示愿形象,现愿笃行。     

认知心理学关于时间推理研究

时间推理是人们对事件的时序、时距和时点进行推论的心理过程。时间推理是基于一定的表征来进行的 ,不同的表征系统对时间推理的效应不同。如词表表征方向效应和距离效应 ,数字表征产生越界效应。还可以进一步看到 ,对时间信息进行推理 ,实质上就是对时间信息的表征进行信息加工。例如 ,对于词表表征和数值表征 ,就分别有计数的加工和运算的加工两种方式。特别值得指出的是 ,即使对相同的表征 ,也可有不同的加工方式。当前有关时间推理的研究 ,都是从信息表征和内部操作的角度来进行研究的 ,最能体现当前认知心理学研究的特色