改进人工鱼群算法及在函数优化问题中的应用

为改进AFSA优化精度低、运行时间长的问题,借鉴模拟退火算法中的Metropolis判别准则改进人工鱼的觅食行为,在利用人工鱼全局寻优的同时并利用模拟退火算子实施局部细化,提出一种改进的人工鱼群优化算法（SA_IAFSA）,并用于求解多峰函数的优化问题。仿真结果表明,该算法保持AFSA算法简单、易实现的特点,克服人工鱼漫无目的随机游动以及容易陷入局部最优值的缺点,显著提高算法的运行效率和求解质量。     

Argumentation in Science Teacher Education: The simulated jury as a resource for teaching and learning

In this article, we focus on the contributions that a simulated jury-based activity might have for pre-service teachers, especially for their active participation and learning in teacher education. We observed a teacher educator using a series of simulated juries as teaching resources to help pre-service teachers develop their pedagogical knowledge and their argumentation abilities in a physics teacher methods course. For the purposes of this article, we have selected one simulated jury-based activity, comprising two opposed groups of pre-service teachers that presented aspects that hinder the teachers' development of professional knowledge (against group) and aspects that allow this development (favor group). After the groups’ presentations, a group of judges was formed to evaluate the discussion. We applied a multi-level method for discourse analysis and the results showed that (1) the simulated jury afforded the pre-service teachers to position themselves as active knowledge producers; (2) the teacher acted as ‘animator' of the pre-service teachers' actions, showing responsiveness to the emergence of circumstantial teaching and learning opportunities and (3) the simulated jury culminated in the judges’ identification of the pattern ‘concrete/obstacles–ideological/possibilities' in the groups’ responses, which was elaborated by the teacher for the whole class. Implications from this study include using simulated juries for teaching and learning and for the development of the pre-service teachers’ argumentative abilities. The potential of simulated juries to improve teaching and learning needs to be further explored in order to inform the uses and reflections of this resource in science education.     

Correlation of axial impact forces with knee joint forces and kinematics during simulated ski-landing

Abstract

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture, during ski-landing, is caused by excessive knee joint forces and kinematics, like anterior tibial translation, internal tibial rotation, and valgus rotation. It is not well understood how these forces/kinematics are directly related to ski-landing impact. In the present study, we applied simulated ski-landing impact to knee specimens, and examined joint force/kinematic responses and their correlations with impact force. Ten human cadaveric knees were subjected to axial impact loading at 70° of flexion to simulate ski-landing impact. Impact was repeated with incremental magnitude until ACL failure. Axial impact forces, anterior-posterior and medial-lateral tibial forces were measured using a tri-axial load cell. Anterior-posterior tibial translation, internal-external tibial rotation, and valgus-varus rotation were determined using a motion-capture system. We found positive correlations of axial impact force with anterior tibial force, medial tibial force, anterior tibial translation, internal tibial rotation, and valgus joint rotation. Axial impact forces were more strongly correlated with anterior tibial forces (R ² = 0.937 ± 0.050), anterior tibial translation (R ² = 0.916 ± 0.059), and internal tibial rotation (R ² = 0.831 ± 0.141) than medial tibial force (R ² = 0.677 ± 0.193) and valgus joint rotation (R ² = 0.630+0.271). During ski-landing, these joint forces/kinematics can synergistically act to increase ACL injury risk, whereby the failure mechanism would be dominated by anterior tibial forces, anterior tibial translation, and internal tibial rotation.     

Assessing the Effectiveness of Collaborative Interorganizational Networks Through Client Communication

A hallmark of today’s civil society sector is the prevalence of collaborative interorganizational networks. The purpose of this study is to investigate how collaborative interorganizational network structures affect interactions within client networks, and how this in turn impacts assessments of collaborative interorganizational network effectiveness. In particular, we focus on recommendations as key indicators of collaborative interorganizational network effectiveness in relation to client networks. We identify client networks of phantom populations as an important but unexamined aspect of collaborative interorganizational network effectiveness that warrants further research. We present an empirical investigation of a collaborative interorganizational network of social service agencies working to address the problem of homelessness in Boulder County, Colorado (USA). Findings indicate that organizations with a greater number of connections with other organizations generate more recommendations within client networks. Our study demonstrates a relationship between the degree of connections within a collaborative interorganizational network structure and the recommendations generated with a phantom population.     

项目驱动教学模式下“模拟护理国际会议”的组织与实施

项目驱动教学模式(PBL)以构建主义理论为基础,是一种以学生为中心的教学方式,有利于学生模拟真实情境,构建知识并转化为应用技能。本文探讨在该教学模式指导下如何组织和实施"模拟护理国际会议",提高涉外护理学生语言能力和专业水平。     

用模拟退火算法求解TSP

货郎担问题,即TSP（Traveling Salesman Problem）,是一个组合优化问题。具有NPC计算复杂性。本文分析了模拟退火算法模型,研究了用模拟退火算法求解TSP算法的可行性,并给出了用模拟退火算法求解TSP问题的具体实现方法。     

模拟退火算法原理及改进

模拟退火算法是一种强大的随机搜索算法,能应用于许多前提信息很少的问题,能渐进地收敛于最优值。对SA算法进行了介绍,论述了SA算法的原理并对算法进行了改进,展示了计算实验的结果。     

情境与习作,相得益彰

习作中的情境教学,是指教师在指导学生动笔习作的过程中,根据习作内容、习作体裁的需要、结合作文指导课堂实际,创设生动活泼场景和轻松的学习氛围的教学,其丰富了学生的情感。情境与习作两者相辅相成,相得益彰,从而有效地提高学生的习作能力。     

高职院校师范生教师角色模拟训练初探

在高职教育大力发展的形势下，调职院校师范生的教育业意识，职业技能培训日显重要，实现这一培养目标的主要方式有：微格模拟教学，课堂全程模拟训练等，主要训练方法有：提供示范，指导备课，角色扮演，反馈评议等。     

模拟教学法在道桥专业试验检测课程中的应用

本文叙述了行为引导教学法中模拟教学法的基本特点和分类,结合道路桥梁工程技术专业职业教育的特点介绍模拟教学法的适用性,并举例说明模拟教学法在道路桥梁工程技术专业中试验检测课程教学中的应用方法。