The Role of Cognitive Appraisal and Friendship Provisions in Adolescents' Affect and Motivation toward Activity in Physical Education

Abstract

This study investigated the mediational role of affect in the influence of perceived success, causal attributions, and friendship provisions on choice and future expectancies for success and enjoyment, using a multi-sample structural equation modeling approach. Subjects were 422 seventh- and eighth-grade students participating in physical education classes. Higher levels of perceived success, personally controllable attributions, companionship, and esteem support were found to positively influence levels of affect experienced, which in turn enhanced future expectancies for success and enjoyment in physical education and choices to participate in physical activity outside of school. Furthermore, participation experience outside of school influenced, adolescents' perceptions within the physical education setting and their consequent affect and motivation.     

人情纽带：一个皖南乡村婚礼中礼物流动的人类学分析

有关礼物的研究是是人类学研究中一个历久不衰的主题。笔者在皖南山区的田野调查中收集到当地婚礼习俗中礼物流动的第一手资料,并对当地人丈生态中礼物所具有的意义及其功能进行人类学的阐释。     

Chinese Friendship in Mainstream American Culture Another perspective of the Supporting Power in The Joy Luck Club

Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club discusses the stories of four pairs of Chinese American mothers and daughters. This paper intends to analyze the power which supports their seeking for living and independence in mainstream American culture in the perspective of Chinese friendship. Both the traditional friendship of the first immigrant generation and the Americanized friendship of the second immigrant generation play an important role in their growth and self recognition.     

An Analysis of Symbolism in A Passage to India

E. M. Forster is a very famous traditional novelist,who is good at using symbolism to interpret the themes in his novels. At the beginning of this essay,the author briefly introduces Forster's life story,and then analyzes the use of symbols in his masterpiece A Passage to India.     

也欲天下人哭情——《卡斯特桥市长》的悲剧性

《卡斯特桥市长》体现了哈代小说的悲剧性。在小说中,作家通过典型化的手法将生活中的悲剧现实反映为悲剧艺术,进而揭示悲剧的客观社会根源。     

深情动江海 高义透云天——顾浩的亲情、友情词

顾浩有关亲情、友情等人间情谊的词作,情深意切。顾浩写亲情是恩重如山,体贴入微;写师生情是德艺作则,生死相关;写友情则是心息相通,互砺共进。顾浩的词作不仅涵盖面广,揭示了多重感情内涵,而且展示了多彩多样的抒情艺术。     

试论谢逸诗歌的思想内容

谢逸诗歌的思想内容丰富,包涵了他怀才不遇的无奈和世态炎凉的感叹;安贫乐道的隐逸理想;以及对友情和亲情的咏叹,其中对友情的抒发涵盖面又是较为全面的。而诗人也正是通过这些情感的抒发暂时忘记了苦涩的命运,丰富了自己的精神世界。     

The importance of weak friendships for international student satisfaction: Empirical evidence from Canada

We examine the effect of the nationality and strength of friendships on self-reported levels of satisfaction among international students attending a mid-sized university in Canada. Satisfaction scales capture a variety of dimensions of the international study experience, including cultural, educational and social aspects. We find evidence that international students with a larger proportion of host-national friends (Canadians) enjoy greater cultural and social satisfaction and surprisingly the vast majority of the positive effect comes from having a greater proportion of host-nationals in the weakest friendships, suggesting the importance of weak ties. Furthermore, international students with a greater proportion of co-national friends (from the same country as the respondent) report lower levels of cultural and social satisfaction and, again, most of the effect comes from the weakest relationships. We do not find evidence of a relationship between friendship patterns and educational satisfaction. This paper advances the growing body of work on the instrumental value of weak ties in social relationships but also their significance in structuring social experiences, particularly satisfaction and wellbeing. We recommend further research to better understand the processes through which newcomers make new friends in new locations, and the consequences of these social networks in the broader integration experience.     

杜诗中鹡鴒意象的文化意蕴

鸟，在中国文化中最早出现时即作为兄弟的象征。到唐代，由于统治者的刻意提倡，这种象征意义就更加明确。杜诗中几次用到鹡鴒鸟，也是受这种文化氛围的影响。但杜甫决非单纯意义上地附庸时代，而是他对兄弟之情的重视使然。