Linkages between cognitive and social dialogue patterns during collaborative small-group discussions

BackgroundCollaborative small-group discussions have the potential to promote reading comprehension, critical thinking, and argumentation. However, few studies have gone beyond cognitive processes to understand the social characteristics of dialogue and their potential contributions to students’ cognitive processing in turn-by-turn dialogic exchanges.AimsThis study closely examined dialogues between speakers and addressees regarding their levels of cognitive processing (i.e., cognitive dialogue patterns) and social processes reflecting social cohesion (i.e., social dialogue patterns). The aims were to understand, first, the relations between students' cognitive dialogue patterns and their social dialogue patterns, and second, the relations between students' cognitive dialogue patterns and peers’ social dialogue patterns.SampleThis study included 4070 speaking turns generated by 120 fifth-graders in 60 small-group discussions.MethodsStudents participated in small-group discussions, called Collaborative Social Reasoning. Dialogue between pairs of group members formed social networks, based on which Exponential Random Graph Models (ERGMs) were specified.ResultsFindings showed that speakers' social dialogue patterns were associated with their cognitive dialogue patterns. However, receiving social dialogue patterns from peers did not always predict students’ advanced types of cognitive dialogue patterns.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that cognitive and social aspects of small-group discussions are intricately linked, and that encouraging social cohesion does not guarantee that students will engage in collaborative and critical discussions.     

我国社会稳定研究综述

本文从社会稳定的内涵、形态、特征、影响社会稳定的新因素和实现社会稳定的对策等方面,比较全面、系统地梳理和归纳了近年来我国理论界关于社会稳定研究的最新成果.     

Assessing collaborative learning: big data,analytics and university futures

Assessment in higher education has focused on the performance of individual students. This focus has been a practical as well as an epistemic one: methods of assessment are constrained by the technology of the day, and in the past they required the completion by individuals under controlled conditions of set-piece academic exercises. Recent advances in learning analytics, drawing upon vast sets of digitally stored student activity data, open new practical and epistemic possibilities for assessment, and carry the potential to transform higher education. It is becoming practicable to assess the individual and collective performance of team members working on complex projects that closely simulate the professional contexts that graduates will encounter. In addition to academic knowledge, this authentic assessment can include a diverse range of personal qualities and dispositions that are key to the computer-supported cooperative working of professionals in the knowledge economy. This paper explores the implications of such opportunities for the purpose and practices of assessment in higher education, as universities adapt their institutional missions to address twenty-first century needs. The paper concludes with a strong recommendation for university leaders to deploy analytics to support and evaluate the collaborative learning of students working in realistic contexts.     

基于社会资本理论的大学生社交媒体多任务使用效果研究

在使用社交媒体的人群中,大学生群体对社交媒体的多任务使用与其学业成绩之间有着怎样的内在关联属性,对其社会资本的积累产生怎样的影响是本文的研究问题所在。对研究问题的原因进行探索性分析,研究发现,出于学习或娱乐目的的社交媒体多任务使用对大学生的学业成绩呈现负相关,不利于其学业成绩的提高,阻碍学习进程健康、科学开展,不利于其社会资本的正向积累。     

关于民主社会主义的由来和发展

半个多世纪以来,民主社会主义由理论到实践,由一国实践到多国实践,已经形成一股历史潮流,取得了一定的成就。然而,它们所建设的福利社会仍然是资本主义而并非社会主义。因此,我们不能把它们作为样板,走它们的改良主义道路。     

从社会流动和社会分层看高等教育中的不和谐

文章从分析我国近期社会流动和社会分层的现状入手，对高等教育与社会流动和社会分层之间的互动关系展开了讨论，并根据由此产生的现象和问题对我国高等教育中的不和谐现象进行研究，提出了自己的意见和建议。     

Social inclusion in two worlds: the conceptualization of the social role of lifelong learning in the education policy of Brazil and the UK since the mid 1990s

Aspects of post‐16 education, particularly with reference to vocational education and training, have acquired a degree of common presentation in the policy making of many national and international organizations in recent years. This paper compares similarities and differences in the rhetoric and reality of policy implementation in Brazil and the UK in post‐16 education, particularly Technical and Vocational Education and Training. It finds an increasing alignment between these two very different countries at the levels of both discourse and practice. It argues that this reflects the dominance of international and regional agencies on whom both countries draw in developing policy, and the subsequent dissemination of those agencies' particular assumptions about the relationship between education, skills and economic performance.     

城市化进程中的农民工社会保障

农村发展中所释放出来的过剩人口不断向城市转移,是城市化进程中的必然现象,随之而来农民工社会保障问题日益凸现。本文将其置于城市化进程中,从客观实际和有利于城市化进程的角度出发,提出要建立面向农民工的社会保障制度,并在分析其特殊性和可行性基础上来探讨应该如何去建构面向农民工的社会保障制度。     

科举的公正诉求与乡土中国的社会流动

公正是贯穿科举考试中的一条红线。科举考试对官宦庶民一视同仁,从考场专门设置、糊名誊录、双重定等第、别头试和锁厅试等方法的采用,都力图给中小地主阶级和平民百姓通过科举入仕实现向上社会流动提供了一个公平竞争的平台。公平竞争、择优录取是科举制得以长期存在的重要原因,科举制度使封建社会通过选纳社会精英进入政治权力中心而不时迸发出活力。     

发展与稳定：考试政策行政功能分析

考试作为一种测度、甄别、评价人的素质水平的社会活动,具有社会稳定功能。考试的社会稳定功能可能是积极的、有利于社会发展的；也可能不是积极的,不利于社会发展的。考试政策的社会稳定功能必须以社会发展功能为前提,应坚持为了发展的稳定,不能为了稳定而牺牲发展,这样才能实现考试政策行政功能的合理张力。