开征社会保障税的经济学分析

我国在养老、失业、医疗等方面相继建立了社会保障制度,随着经济体制改革的不断深化,现行的社会保障制度已经难以适应社会主义市场经济发展的要求.在建立社会主义市场经济体制过程中,需要结合我国的实际,借鉴国际经验,开征社会保障税,建立起一套统一、规范、高效的社会保障体系和运行机制.     

The Role of Family in the Development of Social Skills in Children with Physical Disabilities

This study aims to identify the family characteristics that promote the development of social skills in children with physical disabilities. Parents and teachers completed a range of questionnaires in an Australia‐wide study of 212 parents of children (5–12 years of age) with physical disabilities who attend mainstream schools. The relationships between parental attitudes, parental involvement, family relationships, teachers’ opinions, disability severity, and children’s social skills were tested using structural equation modelling. The results of this study show the importance of family characteristics for the development of social skills in children with physical disabilities. A strong link was found between aspects of healthy family relationships, especially high levels of parental involvement with schooling, and greater social skills development in children. In short, families with highly cohesive, idealised, and democratic family styles strongly influence children’s social skills by providing a safe and sound foundation for children to explore their social environment. Practical implications arising from this study are discussed.     

Improvements in school climate associated with enhanced health and welfare services for students

School improvement initiatives are needed to better meet the needs of underprivileged students, to reduce underachievement and to break a continuing cycle of disadvantage. This article describes part of a school improvement initiative in New Zealand that provided additional funding for school nurse and social worker services in nine secondary schools with the most disadvantaged students in New Zealand. It describes the nature and delivery of services provided by the social workers in these schools. In addition, the article reports changes over time in staff and student views about school climate including a comparison with non-participating schools of similar socioeconomic status. The findings indicated that school climate is a useful intermediate measure of the effectiveness of school improvement initiatives. There were significant improvements in staff views about school climate over time, with staff views about school climate becoming more favourable on scales measuring Improvements in the Last 12 Months and Support for Ethnic Diversity compared to eight non-participating schools. Student views were more favourable on scales measuring Satisfaction with School, Support for Achievement and Support for Ethnic Diversity, compared to the non-participating schools.     

从影视文本看女性就业困境的社会问题

女性就业所遭受到的阻力以及所引起的相关问题，已经成为中国的一个显性社会问题。这其中的成因并非是单纯的性别歧视，而是夹杂着大量的社会性因素，因此必须把女性就业问题置于整个社会环境中去研究。一些影视文本以一种艺术的方式，对这一社会问题给予了一定的社会关注。本文力图从这些影视文本中去深入挖掘女性就业困境背后的多重因素，促成女性就业政策的落实与监督，以创造出更多适宜女性的工作机会，改善女性就业的“生态环境”．使女性更好地实现自己的人力资本价值。     

在域中基于组策略的软件部署

介绍了域和组策略的概念。分析了使用组策略进行软件部署的方法。在通过组策略使用远程安装部署为内部网用户提供各种应用软件方法上提出有价值的观点。     

学术图书、学术著作、学术专著概念辨析

学术图书、学术著作、学术专著是学术活动和研究成果的重要呈现载体,是社会发展所需要的重要信息资源,然而目前学界、出版界、管理界对这些概念理解不一,在实际使用中也存在歧义和混淆,进而使统计数据不一致。本文通过概念分析法,对当前中国各种形态的学术出版物实体进行分析和辨别,认为将这三个术语看成同义词、同位词是不合适的,应将学术图书作为上位概念,将学术著作、学术专著作为下位、再下位概念,进而概括出学术图书、学术著作与学术专著的简明、操作性强的定义。概念清晰、术语规范将有助于统计我国每年出版的学术图书、学术著作和学术专著品种数量,获取较准确的数据,有助于学术研究和实务管理。建议我国人文社会科学的研究,务必重视常用术语的规范研究和基本数据的准确统计,国家有关部门或学术评价机构应增加对学术图书、学术著作、学术专著的专项统计,以夯实研究和管理的基础。参考文献13。     

马克思"三大社会形态"理论与当代中国的社会转型

马克思的“三大社会形态”理论,不仅是一种社会历史演进理论,更是一种现代社会转型理论。我国近现代社会物质生产力发展水平的真实情况及其所进行的一系列社会转型实践表明,必须在坚持社会主义目标、方向的基础上,努力探索出一条适合中国国情的社会主义转型道路。社会主义初级阶段理论对当代中国现代化社会转型基本内容的揭示和对中国特色社会主义社会转型基本原则的规定,使其成为具有中国特色的现代社会转型理论。     

Doing the Right Thing: Ethical Cyberspace Research

With increased use of the Internet and other computer-based communications resources, researchers have begun examining interactions in, and uses of, 'cyberspace.' In considering ways to conduct ethical cyberspace research, some have looked to guidelines in their own disciplines. A potentially useful ethics statement for social science researchers to consider is that of the Association of Computing Machinery. Keeping in mind some of the ACM guidelines, as well as the similarities and differences between cyberspace and other communications media, may help researchers to be aware of their ethical responsibilities in conducting their research. The ACM guidelines, especially in consideration with other communications media, help remind researchers of the technological environment within which the social interactions being studied take place.     

关于国际贸易货物品质标准演进的文献综述

货物的品质标准是商品使用价值的重要体现。入世以来,以人口红利为基础的低价竞争背景下,我国商品出口因品质标准不符遭退运、销毁事件时有发生,致使标准具有向底部竞争(Race To The Bottom)的趋势,即满足最低品质标准要求。随着我国贸易额不断攀升,贸易摩擦也在不断加大,产品品质标准难以适应新形势的要求。截至目前,中国仍是世界上遭受贸易摩擦最多的国家。在此背景下,如何提高货物品质标准,提升商品质量,达到标准赢者通吃(Win To All)的水平,是目前亟待解决的问题。     

旅游开发中元阳县箐口哈尼村社会阶层结构变迁研究报告

本文在实地调查研究的基础上,初步探索旅游业兴起前后元阳县箐口哈尼民俗村在各个不同的社会历史阶段社会阶层结构的变迁,着重分析目前该村的社会阶层结构,把它划分为五个阶层和二个过渡性群体,总结了社会阶层结构的特点,展望演变趋势,并相应地提出发展对策。