斡脱：蒙元时期民事制度的一个创新

本是对蒙元时期的特殊商业现象——斡脱进行研究。首先，对蒙元时期的斡脱语义进行了分析，认为在蒙古族中早就有发这个音的词，后来西域人到蒙古国后，这个词出现了多种意义，其中之一是成为一种商业的专称。其次，本重点论证了斡脱作为一种民事行为相当于现代的信托行为。最后，对斡脱作为信托在蒙元时期商业活动中的作用进行了评估。     

和谐社会视野下的企业社会责任标准SA8000

SA8000是全球第一个可用于第三方认证的企业社会责任国际标准,是国际社会责任运动的产物。SA8000旨在通过有道德的采购活动,改善全球劳工的工作条件,体现了对劳工权益的保护。在构建社会主义和谐社会的大背景下,针对我国目前劳工权益法律保护比较薄弱的现状,推行SA8000可以有效地协调劳资双方的关系,推动和谐劳动关系的形成与发展,从而促进社会主义和谐社会目标的实现。     

谈高职差生教育转化的方法

高职院校中转化差生工作是一项重要工作,教师要用爱心去感化差生,用真诚去关爱差生,对他们理解尊重,与他们平等交流,就一定能促使他们向好的方向转化。     

Exposing the dark side,an exploration of the influence social capital has upon parental sports volunteers

This study explored the influence social capital had over parental sports volunteers who are considered to be of paramount importance in the delivery of UK sports initiatives. A review of the relevant literature identifies and discusses the complexities within the debate to define social capital while human and cultural capital emerge as an essential element in the production of parental volunteers’ ability to access opportunities through a process of bonding or bridging social networks. This study used a grounded research focused on the use of semi-structured interviews and research diaries with (n = 8) study participants. The results from this study, which were analysed through a Bourdieuan perspective, suggested the process that recruits parental volunteers is exclusive; furthermore, the results show the insidious presences of the dark side of social capital, which affected the respondents by reinforcing exclusive ties and identities, which was found to exclude outsiders while reproducing a dominant social hierarchy. The paper concludes by considering the implications of the study for future practical and academic applications of social capital production within sports volunteerism.     

Communicating via photographs: A gendered analysis of Olympic athletes’ visual self-presentation on Instagram

The purpose of this study was to examine Olympic athletes’ self-presentation on Instagram, a social media outlet on which users post photographs as their primary communication mechanism, in order to develop an understanding of the ways in which athletes use this medium as a communication and marketing tool to build their personal brand. Additionally, this research sought to understand whether differences existed between the utilisation of Instagram by male and female athletes. Drawing on Goffman's (1959) theory of self-presentation, this study examined eight purposively selected Olympic athletes’ Instagram photos. Findings revealed similarities to previous research on athletes’ use of written social media outlets such as Facebook and Twitter, as the majority of photos posted by athletes were personal in nature, thus reflecting backstage performance strategies according to self-presentation theory. The results indicated that female athletes were more likely to share photos of themselves and photos taken in private settings, but male athletes who posted a wider variety of photos encouraged greater engagement from their followers. Personal brand management implications for athletes and sport organisations are examined in greater detail in the discussion.     

“Sport for Development” in developing countries: The case of the Vilas Olímpicas do Rio de Janeiro

The benefits of sport for general social outcomes has permeated sport policy in Brazil since the beginning of the twentieth century, but recently the jargon of “development through sport” is more overtly informing public policy and government action in this field. Despite increased uptake of the positive discourse of “sport as a development tool”, the reality for government-funded and -run “sport for development” programs is one far removed from enjoying the attention and financial investment needed to reach their stated development goals. This paper focuses on one such program: the Vilas Olímpicas do Rio de Janeiro. When analysing the specific matters associated with the management of this program three themes were identified that encapsulate the main issues that emerged during the analysis: partnerships, conflicting aims, and community involvement. These themes are analysed in light of the literature that discusses the application of “sport for development” programs worldwide and we conclude with some questions on the applicability of well-defined frameworks and approaches to such programs when these programs themselves tend to operate in very ill-defined and unstable environments.     

当代西方社会学信任研究的新趋势

20世纪70年代以来,当代西方社会学在继承古典与现代社会学信任研究的积极成果的基础上,将信任作为自己的一个专门研究课题,并在短短的20多年的时间里取得了丰硕的研究成果。这些研究成果呈现出当代西方社会学信任研究的三大新趋势,即信任研究的理论自觉性日益增强、范围日益集中以及主题日益具体而系统。这三大新趋势预示了信任社会学作为社会学的一门新的分支学科在当代西方即将形成。研究与分析当代西方社会学信任研究的新趋势,不仅将推进社会学信任理论的研究与建构,而且也将为构建作为我国社会主义市场经济强大内在支撑的社会信任提供直接的借鉴与启示。     

略论"诚信泉州"的建设

建设诚信泉州,形成诚信的社会环境和制度规范,以适应市场经济发展和国际竞争的需要,是极为重要的。文章调研泉州地区诚信缺失的表现、分析其危害及原因,略论建设诚信泉州的意义以及途径。     

Education and social cohesion: developing a framework for education sector reform in Sri Lanka1

There is increasing interest in understanding and describing the links between education and ‘social cohesion’. However, the theoretical and empirical base for understanding these links is limited. There is also a shortage of practical tools for education policy‐makers and planners, to help them assess the impact of policies and investments, and to plan for future reform. This paper describes the initial development of an analytical and planning framework for addressing education and social cohesion within the context of a sector‐wide approach to education reform in Sri Lanka. A brief literature review suggests three inter‐connected domains in which links between education and social cohesion might be usefully analysed, together with three working hypotheses: (i) political economy/governance: education affects social cohesion through transparency and participation in education policy formulation, planning and management; (ii) equity/equality of opportunity: education affects social cohesion through the distribution of education resources, opportunities and outcomes; (iii) teaching/learning: education affects social cohesion through the development of certain competencies in students. Drawing on this analytical framework, research conducted in Sri Lanka is used to identify a set of interventions to promote social cohesion, with corresponding baseline, process and outcome indicators as benchmarks for measuring the progress and impact of intended policy measures. This process is described within the context of a ‘sector‐wide approach’ to education reform, intended to bring together the activities of the government and external partners within a single comprehensive medium‐term planning and budgetary framework.     

With the eyes of others: an ethnography of an academic office

The author raises questions about ethnographic methodology through exploring the implications of using observations produced by his colleagues about his office as data for his research. This process blurred the boundaries between researcher, method and the object and subject of research. It meets some criteria for ethnography and not others, and does not evidence clear definitional boundaries for any sub-genre such as autoethnography or collaborative authoethnography. Besides raising definitional challenges and the blurring of roles in research, the study also illustrates how the methodology revealed tensions over collegial trust, boundaries and privacy. The author's colleagues exposed aspects of the author's identity that were opaque and even invisible to the author. The author accordingly raises questions about the locus of ethical concern. Thus, issues of roles, definition, trust, boundaries, privacy and method were entwined.