流动儿童学前教育选择:家庭社会经济背景及迁移状况的影响

流动人口子女入园难问题较为突出。本研究从家庭社会经济背景及迁移状况的视角探讨适龄流动儿童接受学前教育的选择问题。使用CFPS(2010)数据,本研究用Logit模型,估计了不同特征的流动儿童家庭为其子女选择接受学前教育的发生概率。研究发现,农业户籍、跨省迁移的家庭随迁子女入园机会更低;有教育储蓄的家庭,其随迁子女入园机会更高;而父母高学历、与子女同住等因素也会在一定程度上提高流动儿童的入园机会。户籍仍是制约流动儿童入园的关键因素。我们据此明示了相应的政策启示。     

我国城乡群众体育统筹发展中社会分层与体育参与

我国城乡群众体育统筹的最终目标是缩小城乡群众体育之间的差距,让城乡居民享有均等化的体育生活水平,从而实现全民健身的目的。居民的体育参与情况能很好地反映城乡群众体育的统筹情况,对不同社会分层的城乡居民体育参与进行研究,找出社会分层与体育参与的关系。结果显示：不同的职业声望、不同收入、不同学历的城乡居民其参与的运动项目有所不同,城乡居民体育参与情况具有显著性差异。     

Bounding,An Accessible Method for Estimating Principal Causal Effects,Examined and Explained

Estimating treatment effects for subgroups defined by posttreatment behavior (i.e., estimating causal effects in a principal stratification framework) can be technically challenging and heavily reliant on strong assumptions. We investigate an alternative path: using bounds to identify ranges of possible effects that are consistent with the data. This simple approach relies on fewer assumptions and yet can result in policy-relevant findings. As we show, even moderately predictive covariates can be used to substantially tighten bounds in a straightforward manner. Via simulation, we demonstrate which types of covariates are maximally beneficial. We conclude with an analysis of a multisite experimental study of Early College High Schools. When examining the program's impact on students completing the ninth grade “on-track” for college, we find little impact for ECHS students who would otherwise attend a high-quality high school, but substantial effects for those who would not. This suggests a potential benefit in expanding these programs in areas primarily served by lower quality schools.     

Should I stay or should I go? Predictors and effects of studying abroad during high school

In an increasingly globalized and culturally diverse world, extended stays abroad during high school are considered important opportunities for acquiring and improving a variety of skills, most importantly, language achievement. This study examines both predictors and effects of studying abroad in an English-speaking country during high school, using population data from the second largest city in Germany (N = 5361; 13% went abroad). In order to determine the most central predictors of studying abroad, we employed logistic regression models in which students’ socioeconomic background emerged as the strongest predictor of studying abroad. To test the effects of studying abroad, we applied propensity score matching. Studying abroad had positive effects on standardized achievement, grades, and course choice in English, whereas it had hardly any effects on outcomes in math. Implications for studying abroad during high school and future research directions are discussed.     

关于体育在当前中国社会分层过程中作用之剖析

经济体制的转轨和现代化进程的推进促使中国社会阶层发生了分化,体育作为我国社会生活中的重要内容,它在当前我国社会阶层分化过程中发挥了重要的作用。体育职业化改革和市场化的推进使得在体育从业群体中形成了不同的获益群体,体育不仅为职业体育从业者创造了向更高社会阶层流动的机会,而且使得益于职业体育发展的体育明星能够迅速步入社会上层。对于广大体育参与者而言,通过体育锻炼可以强身健体、增进健康,体育成为了诸多社会阶层维持现有阶层状况的重要保障。而逐年不断递增的退役待安置运动员则是体育改革过程中利益相对受损群体,竞技体育的高淘汰率和高风险性成为体育专业运动员步入社会贫困阶层的重要诱因。     

试析迪尔凯姆的社会分层理论

我们通常将马克思的阶级理论和韦伯的多元分层理论作为社会分层研究的两种基本理论模式,其实迪尔凯姆以维护社会团结为目的的功能分层理论也是非常重要的.本文主要探讨迪尔凯姆如何在《社会分工论》中体现他的分层理论以及对我国社会分层的指导意义.     

Ahead of the pack? Explaining the unequal distribution of scholarships in Germany

This article investigates to what extent scholarships are unequally distributed among students in Germany and how these inequalities can be explained. Following sociological theory, the article argues that elites seek qualitative ways of distinguishing themselves in a mass higher education system. Using student surveys, we demonstrate that class effects cannot merely be explained with reference to class differences in academic achievement but that higher classes have better access to scholarships independent of earlier school performance. Class differences were particularly persistent when the intermediate classes were compared with higher classes with more education. These findings illustrate that social classes have different strategies when it comes to participating in higher education and suggest that information about and access to scholarships is important in gaining a class advantage.     

The problem of secondary education completion: The case study of Cape Verde,a small island developing state

Like many small island developing states, Cape Verde faces a challenge with secondary school completion. The lack of global development goals for secondary education results in the lack of government policies to promote secondary education, which may in effect be partially responsible for the drop in primary school completion The purpose of this paper is to identify the student populations who leave secondary school prior to completion based on Cape Verde’s Ministry of Education data, which is disaggregated by municipality and school. In addition we link these student populations to socioeconomic factors in order to examine possible causes for their abandonment of schooling. This paper intends to draw attention to the issues facing secondary education in a small, developing island nation and highlight policies that have proven effective in similar contexts. The case study of Cabo Verde can be used to generate secondary education policy discussions in other small island developing states (SIDS), as well as other sub-Saharan African nations.     

教师专业能力自评分层命题的求证——《教师专业发展自评量规表》有效设计的实证性研究

试从架构的视角解析自评分层下专业发展维度和指标体系,要对自评分层量规表的实施流程、运行方式和管理途径,从组织行为学的角度审视它的可行性。学校管理要审视通过自评是否提升了教师自我意向?同事的互助性评价和教学研究共同体的协商性评价是否唤醒了教师专业发展的意识?行政评价对教师专业发展的定向和规劝是否具有真实的效度?通过对专业分层指标细则的研修,教师是否形成个性化的专业规划?通过自评、互助性评价和协商性评价的管理,我们是否实现了管理目标的聚合?基于分层后项目的自主运行是否具有个性化的特征?这都是对教师专业能力实施评价分层解答的问题。     

从社会分层的角度分析城市居民公共体育资源占有的不平等现象

采用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,以经济分层和权力分层的视角探讨城市居民公共体育资源占有的不平等现象,结果表明,稀缺体育资源往往通过权力和经济实现再分配,从而导致城市普通居民对此类体育资源占有率低.