改革开放30年：社会分层与社会和谐

针对当前中国社会阶层研究的理论纷争、困境及其出路,提出“总体性地位一致”的阶层分析方法,并以此理论对改革开放30年以来中国社会阶层的划分、阶层境况、利益诉求、阶层冲突进行了深入分析和再思考,旨在为消除改革阻力和障碍,推动改革深入和促进社会和谐提供有益借鉴。     

经济人的理性选择与社会人的流动渠道--对"考研热"的经济学与社会学分析

本文引用中华英才网近五年的薪资调查数据，运用成本一收益的净现值、内部收益率、明瑟收益率等多个指标，衡量继续接受硕士教育相对于本科毕业后直接就业的比较优势；并试图从社会学的角度分析“考研热”的形成不仅是大学生为了缓解就业压力、增加求职筹码而做出的理性选择，还可能是借助高等教育这样一种“信号机制”，实现“向上流动”的个人理想、获得更高的社会地位。     

Socioeconomic Status– and Gender‐Based Differences in Students’ Perceptions of E‐Learning Systems

Many universities are pursuing increases in on‐line course offerings as a means of offsetting the rising costs of providing high‐quality educational opportunities and of better serving their student populations. However, enrollments in online courses are not always sufficient to cover their costs. One possible way of improving enrollments is through marketing campaigns targeted to specific demographic groups. In this study, we take a first look into how students’ perceptions of e‐learning systems, prior to their enrollment in an online course, vary across socioeconomic status and gender. Findings suggest that prior to taking an online course, working‐class students perceive e‐learning systems more positively than their middle‐class peers but that little difference exists between genders. Armed with this knowledge, universities may improve online course enrollments by marketing online courses specifically to working‐class students or through campaigns aimed at improving middle‐class students’ perceptions of e‐learning systems.     

广州雾日的时空变化

讨论了广州雾日的时空变化.研究指出,由于广州近地层气温较高,加上城市热岛和干岛效应的影响,年平均雾日较少.34年的资料表明,广州平均雾日为4.8天,春季最多,冬季次之,夏季最少.1～4月为雾季,雾一股出现在清晨5～7时.50年代至70年代雾日增加,80年代开始雾日有减少的趋势.广州的雾可以分成4种类型:即辐射雾(占24％),锋面雾(占14％),平流雾(占14％)和平流辐射雾(占48％).最后指出,雾是稳定的象征,它与大气温度层结有密切的关系。     

社会分层与义务教育机会获得问题研究的综合考察

教育分层是社会分层研究的核心领域之一。教育机会的获得影响着社会的分层结构与流动。通过梳理社会分层与义务教育机会获得的国内外文献发现,各阶层教育资源分配不均直接影响受教育的机会。教育分层呈现集体排斥向个体排斥发展的趋势,集中体现在对义务教育入学机会均等、过程公平及结果满意三个维度。同时国内对义务教育分层研究的体制和方法相对滞后。以《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010—2020年)》为契机,探究社会各阶层教育资源占有量与义务教育机会获得的关系,促进基础教育事业的和谐发展。     

合理的教育分流:招生考试体制改革的必然选择

初中教育及高中教育分流,这是教育发展过程中的基本规律。"九年义务教育"后学生向高中、中等专业学校及中等技术学校分流;高中教育毕业生向重点大学、一般本科大学及高等职业学院分流,不但可以较好地调配劳动力结构、配置教育资源,而且有利于高等教育结构分层。因此,合理的教育分流,是中国招生考试体制改革的必然选择。     

Integrating social justice with mathematics and science: An analysis of student teacher lessons

Student teachers have difficulty planning lessons that fully integrate social justice with mathematics/science content. This study was a content analysis of 26 poster presentations of mathematics or science lessons incorporating social justice issues made by student teachers (20F, 6M) at a mid-sized college in central New York State. The presented lessons applied four pedagogical approaches to integration (data collection followed by graphing analysis; discussion of text/video; modeling; library/internet investigation) and addressed three major social justice themes (diversity, system disparities in human communities, and in stewardship of earth). Deeper content knowledge, faculty lesson modeling/reflection and practice delivering lessons are recommended.     

The Social effects of the Australian Higher Education Contribution Scheme (HECS)

Australia’s Higher Education Contribution Scheme (HECS) is an income contingent loan scheme, in which university students pay back part of the costs of their tuition after their post-university income reaches a certain threshold, is an important policy innovation for the financing of higher education. However, its critics claim that HECS increases socioeconomic inequalities in higher education and the HECS debt reduces the ability of young people to make the transitions to adulthood. This paper investigates these claims. There is no evidence that socioeconomic inequalities in higher education in Australia increased after the implementation of HECS in 1989 or the 1997 reforms. The magnitude of the HECS debt was found to have a negative impact on the transition to parenthood, but had no negative impacts on other transitions to adulthood: leaving the parental home, marriage and home ownership. Its effects on parenthood were moderate compared to other influences, such as full-time work in the previous year, marriage and being in a de facto relationship. Furthermore, only a small proportion of young people who attended university have large enough HECS debts for it to affect their fertility decisions.

美国不同类型高校学术职业的分层——基于卡内基分类法的考察

高校学术职业和其他社会职业一样,因为不断专业化的职业分工而形成不同的层级.美国高校学术职业在历史的变迁过程中初步形成了现在普遍采用的分层模式,即高校学术职业分为讲师、助理教授、副教授和教授四个层级的职业阶梯.不同层级的学术职位有相应的学术评价标准,包括学历、教学科研能力、工作经验、管理能力等几个部分.依据卡内基分类法(2005版)的分类标准,其中对我国高校学术职业分层和教师岗位设置管理制度最具借鉴意义的当属博士学位授予大学、硕士学位授予大学、学士学位授予大学和社区学院的学术职业分层.因此,本文分别从美国这几类高校各选取一所有代表性的学校,对它们在学术职业分层管理的制度安排及特色进行考察,试图发现不同类型美国高校学术职业的分层聘任、晋升考核及福利待遇等方面的共性和差异,以期对我国当前正在进行的高校教师岗位设置制度提供启示.     

当代中国的社会分层与休闲体育发展策略研究

当代中国社会阶层结构发生了巨大变动,正确认识和把握社会阶层发生的变迁以及阶层结构的特征对开展休闲体育具有重大的理论和现实意义。文章通过阐述当代中国社会阶层的现状及特点,结合发展休闲体育的原则,提出了发展休闲体育的方法和策略,为研究社会各阶层的休闲体育活动提供帮助。